2009年百世登编辑出版工作交流会议纪要

北京百世登生物科技有限公司于2009-06-20在北京远洋国际中心B座2层会议室举行了"百世登2009编辑出版工作交流会议",会议的一个主题是庆祝Worid Journal ofGastroenterology(WJG)2008年影响因子的发布.马连生总编辑首先公布了WJG2008年的影响因子为2.081,并提出百世登的目标是:编辑出版高质量的文章,实现编委、作者和读者个人利益最大化.与会的各位专家对WJG的发展表示钦佩,并对WJG的下一步发展献言献策.会议的另一个主题是介绍"百世登"最新推出的8本世界系列期刊的筹备进展.另外,各位专家对编辑过程中图表质量问题,量和单位、标点符号的应用等做了精彩的报告.大会取得圆满成功.     

Prevention of primary cytomegalovirus infection in patients with hematologic malignancies by intensive white cell depletion of blood products

The effect of white cell depletion of red cells and platelet concentrates on the transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) was studied retrospectively in 150 patients treated intensively for acute leukemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. CMV infection was diagnosed on the basis of IgM and IgG antibody responses to CMV late antigen (CMV-LA). Before cytoreductive therapy for their underlying disease, 59 patients were CMV seronegative and 91 were CMV seropositive. None of the 59 CMV-seronegative patients showed persistent seroconversion 2 months after the cytoreductive treatment. The comparison group, consisting of 312 cardiac surgery patients, showed a significantly higher incidence of primary CMV infections: 10 of 86 (11.6%, p = 0.004). Twenty-five percent of the CMV-seronegative patients and controls had transient IgG antibodies to CMV-LA without IgM antibodies, which is indicative of antibodies passively acquired via blood products. These results indicate that white cell-poor blood products carry a very low risk, if any, of CMV transmission. The policy of transfusing white cell-poor blood products provides a useful alternative to the selection of CMV-seronegative donors.     

Overnight soaking or boiling of “Matooke” to reduce potassium content for patients with chronic kidney disease: does it really work?

Background

There is an increase in number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Uganda''s health facilities looking for different options of preparing matooke (bananas), their staple food.

Objective

To establish and evaluate an effective method of removing potassium from bananas (matooke).

Methods

Bananas were sampled from 5markets in Kampala, Uganda. Deionized water was used to soak the bananas and the potassium concentration was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer in both the bananas and water after soaking for varying time intervals. We also determined the potassium concentrations in the bananas and the water after boiling the bananas at 200 degrees Celsius at intervals of 10 minutes (for 60 minutes).

Results

The potassium concentration did not appear to change on soaking alone without boiling. However, on boiling, the concentration in the bananas decreased from about 1.4ppm to approx. 1ppm after 60min; yet the concentration of potassium released into deionized water increased steadily from 0.0ppm to about 1.2ppm after 60min of boiling.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that boiling the bananas is a more effective way of removing the potassium from bananas than simply soaking them.     

Psoriasis vulgaris and human leukocyte antigens

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis vulgaris is a skin disease with a complex immunological and genetic background, triggered by environmental factors. The association of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and psoriasis has long been reported on population and familial studies. OBJECTIVES: To review and discuss studies on psoriasis vulgaris and HLA, in Caucasian and non-Caucasian populations. METHODS: The major population studies on psoriasis vulgaris and the associated HLA antigens and alleles are described and discussed based on a review of the current literature. RESULTS: Population studies demonstrate the presence of different HLA specificities as well as extended haplotypes in patients with psoriasis, when compared to controls. Some alleles occur in a lower frequency in patients with psoriasis, indicating they could be protection alleles. In all studies which HLA class I was typed, Cw6 or Cw*0602 was present in a significant frequency in patients with psoriasis, mainly when early onset and positive family history were considered. HLA-DRB1*0701 was also present in a higher frequency in patients in different populations. CONCLUSIONS: Different antigens and alleles from both HLA classes I and II were seen in a significantly higher frequency in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. HLA Cw*0602 and DRB1*0701 were represented in different reports, and the former was related mainly to psoriasis type I.     

大鼠卵巢组织中早期卵泡发育及卵母细胞凋亡与白藜芦醇的影响

目的:观察白藜芦醇对大鼠卵巢组织中早期卵泡发育及凋亡的影响。方法:实验于2006-07/12在汕头大学医学院细胞衰老实验室完成。成年SD大鼠合笼,所生的新生雌鼠分为3组:①对照组:正常出生者,不干预。②腹腔注射组:正常出生后12h内开始腹腔注射白藜芦醇25mg/(kg·d),1次/d。③母鼠灌胃组:正常怀孕的母鼠在孕12d(以发现阴道栓为怀孕0.5d)开始进行白藜芦醇25mg/(kg·d)灌胃,1次/d,直至分娩后生下的雌鼠。各组大鼠分别在出生2,4d处死取卵巢,应用苏木精-伊红染色观察大鼠早期卵泡发育情况(计算卵母细胞巢中卵母细胞及原始卵泡和发育卵泡的比率),应用TUNEL染色观察卵母细胞凋亡的情况。结果:①腹腔注射组和母鼠灌胃组大鼠卵母细胞巢内卵母细胞比例高于对照组[2d龄:(39.78±9.22)%,(53.20±5.08)%,(15.76±6.68)%;4d龄:(9.39±1.82)%,(5.39±2.12)%,(2.62±1.18)%;P均<0.05];2d龄母鼠灌胃组和腹腔注射组大鼠原始卵泡和发育卵泡比例低于对照组[原始卵泡:(57.64±7.23)%,(46.40±5.20)%,(74.57±9.36)%;发育卵泡:(2.58±2.41)%,(4.51±4.60)%,(9.67±4.70)%;P均<0.05]。②生后第2天是大鼠卵母细胞凋亡的高峰期,母鼠灌胃组和腹腔注射组卵泡凋亡率高于对照组,但差异不显著[(9.88±3.30)%,(12.95±3.34)%,(8.50±4.13)%,P>0.05]。结论:白藜芦醇可以延缓大鼠卵巢组织中卵母细胞巢破裂,抑制原始卵泡的发育启动;但是对于卵母细胞的凋亡没有明显影响。     

鸡胚原始生殖细胞的建系方法及其影响因素

学术背景：胚胎原始生殖细胞经体外抑制分化培养可得到胚胎生殖细胞，是胚胎干细胞的又一来源。以其作为外源基因的载体用于制作嵌合体、基因敲除等具有很高的实用价值。 目的：概括性论述鸡胚胎原始生殖细胞建系方法、影响因素及应用前景等问题。检索策略：由该论文的研究人员应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库1990—01／2006—04的相关文献，检索词“embryos，primordial germ cells，embryonic stem cells，embryonic germ cells，genital ridge，In vitro culture”，并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库2000—04／2007—04的相关文献，检索词“胚胎，原始生殖细胞，胚胎干细胞，胚胎生殖细胞，生殖嵴，体外培养”，并限定文章语言种类为中文。共检索到60篇文献，对资料进行初审，纳入标准：①与鸡胚胎原始生殖细胞的建系、影响因素及应用密切相关。②同一领域选择近期发表或在权威杂志上发表的文章。排除标准：重复性研究。 文献评价：文献的来源主要是通过对鸡胚胎原始生殖细胞建系方法、影响因素及应用前景方面内容进行汇总分析。所选用的30篇文献中，7篇为综述，其余均为临床或基础研究。 资料综合：①原始生殖细胞离体培养的关键是保证细胞具备无限增殖能力的同时维持其未分化状态。目前主要通过选择鸡胚原始生殖细胞的适宜分离时期和方法、合理设计培养基、采用饲养层细胞培养以及添加抑制分化的细胞因子等方法来解决。②鸡胚原始生殖细胞的生物学检测主要包括形态学鉴定、碱性磷酸酶活性检测、PAS染色检测、阶段特异性胚胎表面抗原1检测、核型分析、分化试验以及嵌合体试验等方法。③鸡胚原始生殖细胞的应用研究广泛，相比较桑椹胚和囊胚体外培养获取干细胞优势明显；为基础研究提供了最原始的发育生物学模型；生产克隆动物，降低禽类的保种成本；生产药物蛋白，是生产治疗用重组蛋白极为理想的来源。 结论：尽管目前有关鸡原始生殖细胞的培养与应用已取得一定进展，但在生产实践上如何设计出更适合于鸡原始生殖细胞生长的离体培养体系、如何更高效方便地获得鸡原始生殖细胞、如何提高利用原始生殖细胞制作嵌合体的成功率等问题还有待进一步深入研究。