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排序方式: 共有440条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Jason S. Haukoos MD MSc Emily Hopkins MSPH Richard L. Byyny MD MSc Amy A. Conroy MPH Morgan Silverman LCSW Sheri Eisert PhD Mark Thrun MD Michael Wilson MD Brian Boyett MS James D. Heffelfinger MD MPH for the Denver ED HIV Opt-Out Study Group 《Academic emergency medicine》2009,16(8):800-808
In 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released revised recommendations for performing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in health care settings, including implementing routine rapid HIV screening, the use of an integrated opt-out consent, and limited prevention counseling. Emergency departments (EDs) have been a primary focus of these efforts. These revised CDC recommendations were primarily based on feasibility studies and have not been evaluated through the application of rigorous research methods. This article describes the design and implementation of a large prospective controlled clinical trial to evaluate the CDC's recommendations in an ED setting. From April 15, 2007, through April 15, 2009, a prospective quasi-experimental equivalent time-samples clinical trial was performed to compare the clinical effectiveness and efficiency of routine (nontargeted) opt-out rapid HIV screening (intervention) to physician-directed diagnostic rapid HIV testing (control) in a high-volume urban ED. In addition, three nested observational studies were performed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and patient and staff acceptance of the two rapid HIV testing methods. This article describes the rationale, methodologies, and study design features of this program evaluation clinical trial. It also provides details regarding the integration of the principal clinical trial and its nested observational studies. Such ED-based trials are rare, but serve to provide valid comparisons between testing approaches. Investigators should consider similar methodology when performing future ED-based health services research. 相似文献
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Deborah J. Bowen PhD Eileen H. Shinn PhD Sophie Gregrowski Gretchen Kimmick MD MS Laura S. Dominici MD Elizabeth S. Frank ED M Karen Lisa Smith MD MPH Gabrielle Rocque MD MSPH Kathryn J. Ruddy MD MPH Teri Pollastro BS Michelle Melisko MD Tarah J. Ballinger MD Oluwadamilola M. Fayanju MD MA MPHS Antonio C. Wolff MD 《Cancer》2020,126(5):922-930
Members of the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium conducted an expert-driven literature review to identify a list of domains and to evaluate potential measures of these domains for inclusion in a list of preferred measures. Measures were included if they were easily available, free of charge, and had acceptable psychometrics based on published peer-reviewed analyses. A total of 22 domains and 52 measures were identified during the selection process. Taken together, these measures form a reliable and validated list of measurement tools that are easily available and used in multiple cancer trials to assess patient-reported outcomes in relevant patients. 相似文献
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Screening behavior of women after a false-positive mammogram 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
97.
S B Marshall C Cayard M A Foulkes K Hults T Gautille D B Charlebois N A Tisdale H Turner 《The Journal of neuroscience nursing》1988,20(5):290-295
The Traumatic Coma Data Bank (TCDB) was a collaborative project undertaken to study the nature and course of severe head injury. Evolution of nursing goals includes collection of data, communication, new clinical observations, designing future research projects, education and legislative impact. Management issues inherent in the collaborative research project are defining, collecting, entering, and analyzing and publishing results. 相似文献
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Characterization of pHV2 from Halobacterium volcanii and its use in demonstrating transformation of an archaebacterium. 总被引:24,自引:5,他引:19
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R L Charlebois W L Lam S W Cline W F Doolittle 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1987,84(23):8530-8534
We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the 6354-base-pair plasmid pHV2 of the archaebacterium Halobacterium volcanii. This plasmid is present in approximately six copies per chromosome. We have generated a strain, H. volcanii WFD11, cured of pHV2 by treatment of liquid cultures with ethidium bromide. We describe PEG-mediated transformation of H. volcanii WFD11 with intact pHV2 and with a form of pHV2 marked by a 93-base-pair deletion generated in vitro. 相似文献
100.
ED Heegaard H Hale N Clausen A Hornsleth GB Kerndrup 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1996,85(3):299-302
It is the purpose of the study to report the frequency of parvovirus in children with a diagnosis of Diamond-Blackfan anaemia and to discuss the possible aetiological role of parvovirus in Diamond-Blackfan anaemia. We found parvovirus DNA in 3 of 11 bone marrow smears. Giant pronormoblasts showed low sensitivity (33%) and poor specificity (75%). The presence of giant pronormoblasts was associated with a very high myeloid: erythroid ratio, and may not be specific for parvovirus infection, but a feature of severely suppressed erythropoiesis. The three parvovirus-positive patients were the only children who experienced a remission, and who are free of medication. The seven surviving parvovirus-negative patients are all currently on steroid treatment. 相似文献