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41.
Denis O'Mullane PhD ; Helen P. Whelton PhD ; Pat Costelloe BDS David Clarke BDS ; Stephen McDermott MSc ; Jacinta McLoughlin MDS 《Journal of public health dentistry》1996,56(5):259-264
The visit of Dr. Trendley Dean to Dublin in the mid-1950s helped accelerate the decision to introduce water fluoridation as a public health measure in the prevention of caries in the Republic of Ireland. A challenge to the constitutional validity of the Health (Fluoridation of Water Supplies) Act 1960 failed and in 1964 the water supplies of Dublin city were fluoridated. Over the next seven to eight years all the major urban communities in the Republic of Ireland were fluoridated. Currently, 67 percent of the 3.5 million people in the country reside in fluoridated communities. Studies conducted over the last 20 years show that residents of fluoridated communities have better dental health than those in nonfluoridated communities—the mean dmft is lower in children and the number of natural teeth present in adults is higher. 相似文献
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Richard Simpson Catherine Kennedy Hugh Carmalt Brian McCaughan David Gillett 《ANZ journal of surgery》1997,67(10):717-719
Background : A patient with a solitary pulmonary metastasis who had breast cancer in the past may benefit from pulmonary resection. Methods : Between 1984 and 1996, 17 patients underwent metastatectomy for metastatic breast cancer. There were 15 females and two males whose average age was 59 (range: 40–74 years). The median tumour-free interval after the primary breast-cancer operation was 5.1 years (range: 8 months-18.2 years). Sixteen patients had complete resections, which included six lobectomies and 10 lesser resections. Results : The postoperative mortality was nil and the morbidity rate was 6%. Follow-up was complete in all patients. Recurrent disease developed in four patients and two patients died of their disease. The 5-year survival was 62%. Conclusion : An aggressive surgical approach is warranted in patients with isolated resectable pulmonary metastases from breast cancer. 相似文献
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Mapping of α- and β-globin genes on Antarctic fish chromosomes by fluorescence in-situ hybridization
Eva Pisano Ennio Cocca Federico Mazzei Laura Ghigliotti Guido di Prisco H. William Detrich III Catherine Ozouf-Costaz 《Chromosome research》2003,11(6):633-640
The pathways and mechanisms of genomic change that have led to the peculiar haemoglobinless phenotype of the white-blooded
Antarctic icefishes (16 species in the family Channichthyidae) constitute an important model for understanding the rapid diversification
of the Antarctic notothenioid fish flock. To provide complementary structural information on genomic change at globin-gene
loci in Antarctic fish species, cytogenetic studies and in-situ chromosomal mapping have been undertaken. Using a DNA probe containing one α- and one β-globin gene from the embryonic/juvenile
globin gene cluster of the red-blooded species Notothenia coriiceps, we mapped the cluster on the chromosomes of Antarctic teleosts by fluorescence in-situ hybridization. As anticipated on the basis of its molecular organization, the cluster was located on a single chromosome
pair in all of the red-blooded fish species probed (N. coriiceps, N. angustata, Trematomus hansoni, T. pennellii). In contrast, the α/β-globin probe did not recognize complementary sequences on the chromosomes of the white-blooded species
Chionodraco hamatus and Channichthys rhinoceratus. These results represent the first example of chromosomal mapping of embryonic/juvenile globin genes in teleostean fishes.
Beyond its relevance to the evolutionary history of Antarctic notothenioids, this work contributes to our understanding of
the evolution of the chromosomal loci of globin genes in fishes and other vertebrates.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
47.
A new technique for measuring intraosseous pressures involves inserting a miniature transducer directly into the intraosseous space. A high-performance, high-fidelity pressure transducer is easy to assemble and insert. The transducer permits dynamic studies of intraosseous pressure during gait, and constitutes a promising tool for detecting changes in intraosseous pressure in osteoarthritis and osteonecrosis. 相似文献
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Mohand Mesbah Ilka Nemere Petros Papagerakis Jean-Raphael Nefussi Silvana Orestes-Cardoso Catherine Nessmann Ariane Berdal 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2002,17(9):1588-1596
The calciotropic hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] has been established to control skeletal tissue formation and biomineralization via the regulation of gene expression. This action involves the well-characterized nuclear 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor. However, it has been recognized that several cellular responses to 1,25(OH)2D3 may not to be related to the exclusive nuclear receptor. Indeed, this secosteroid is able to generate rapid responses that have been proposed to be mediated by interactions of the ligand, which is a putative cell membrane-associated rapid-response steroid (MARRS) binding protein for 1,25(OH)2D3 [1,25D3-MARRS]. The nongenomic pathway of 1,25(OH)2D3 was studied here in detail by immunolocalization of the 1,25D3-MARRS during the specific context of human prenatal development. Western blotting with proteins extracted from 4 week- to 27-week-old embryos was performed, evidencing a 65-kDa molecular species recognized by antibody Ab 099 generated against synthetic peptides corresponding to the N terminus of the 1,25D3-MARRS from chick intestinal basolateral membranes. Based on this biochemical conservation of protein in the human species, the temporospatial expression patterns were established in the craniofacial skeleton at the same ages. Comparative analysis was performed in teeth and bones from early morphogenesis to terminal cell differentiation and extracellular biomineralization. The data show the potential implication of 1,25D3-MARRS in the heterogeneous cell population including ameloblasts, odontoblasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. The epithelial-mesenchymal cascade related to odontogenesis was coincident with a sequence of up- and down-regulation of immunoreactive 1,25D3-MARRS. Biomineralization was associated with a striking up-regulation in the adjoining secretory cells in all tissues. Finally, osteoclasts appeared also to express the 1,25D3-MARRS during these early phases of bone modeling. Previously obtained data of the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression and this study on 1,25D3-MARRS suggest the existence of cross-talk between the genomic and nongenomic pathways during human development. 相似文献
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