多元联系数在医院医疗质量综合评价排序中的应用

目的通过把多元联系数用于医院医疗质量综合评价排序的探讨,为医院医疗质量综合评价提供一种新的简便实用方法.方法根据评价对象个数m选用m元联系数,对m个评价对象的每个指标数据从优到劣编秩次从1到m,计算每个指标数据与该指标最优值的同一度,再根据秩次和m元联系数联系分量相对应的规则写出每个评价对象的m元联系数表达式,通过联系分量系数的取值把m元联系数转化为联系数值,根据联系数值的大小作出综合评价排序结论.结果利用m元联系数可以使综合评价计算过程简化,而评价和排序结果不变.结论可以在医院医疗质量综合评价排序中应用多元联系数.     

康柏西普与雷珠单抗治疗非缺血型视网膜分支静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的对比观察

目的对比观察康柏西普与雷珠单抗治疗非缺血型视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)继发黄斑水肿随访12个月的疗效及注射次数。方法回顾性非随机对照临床研究。收集2016年1月～2017年1月在我院确诊为非缺血型BRVO继发黄斑水肿的患者共38例(38眼),按照治疗药物分为2组,即康柏西普治疗组22例,雷珠单抗组16例,2组均采用按需要治疗(1+PRN)的给药方式。2组患者首次治疗后每月随访1次,共12个月,每次随访检查最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压、检眼镜(眼底镜)、眼底照相、黄斑光学相干层析成像(OCT)。若病情需要则补充荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)检查。通过观察2组患者BCVA、平均黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)的变化以及12个月内的总注射次数,比较2种药物的长期疗效。结果随访12个月,2组在治疗后各随访期的BCVA、CMT均比治疗前明显好转(P值均<0. 05); 2组间治疗前和治疗后各随访期的BCVA、CMT水平基本相同,差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。随访12个月,康柏西普组平均注射次数为(1. 64±0. 70)次,雷珠单抗组平均注射次数为(1. 88±0. 67)次,2组之间差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论康柏西普与雷珠单抗1+PRN方案治疗非缺血型BRVO继发黄斑水肿,观察12个月疗效均确实可靠;康柏西普能有效减少注射次数。     

Releasing of The White Paper on Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence in China

In the afternoon of March 26,2019, The White Paper on Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence in China was officially released in Beijing by the Chinese Innovative Alliance of Industry, Education, Research and Application of Artificial Intelligence for Medical Imaging (CAIERA). The white paper was co-operatively written by the medical imaging experts from the tertiary Chinese hospitals, the scientific experts from AI research institutions and the leading AI medical enterprises in China. The contents of the white paper not only cover the up-to-date application of AI in medical field, the latest advances of AI algorithms in medical image processing, the data requirement for medical AI development, and the current situation of structured data, but also expatiate the goal and challenge of clinical application for medical imaging AI development in 16 medical subject areas, which helps to identify the demands and opportunities for the AI industry. Forty representative enterprises of AI medical imaging in China were introduced in the white paper. The white paper points out the three key problems in development of AI products: the robustness, ease of usage and data security, which provides guidance of direction and strategy for the enterprises. Particularly, in view of the national policy on developing AI, the white paper gives a profound analysis on the challenges and the opportunities that medical imaging AI is facing. These contents agglomerate the cutting-edge efforts of experts in the industry-academia-research-application chain of medical AI, represent the mainstream voice of the society in China. The White Paper will play a guiding role in understanding the market demands and establishing standardized systems in the path of landing AI products in the field medical imaging. Full text of the White paper is publicly accessible from the CAIERA website, or by scanning the 2D code in the article.     

不同保存条件对丙型肝炎病毒核酸稳定性的影响

目的探讨不同温度和时间条件下保存对血液中丙型肝炎病毒核酸(HCV RNA)稳定性的影响。方法采集12名丙型肝炎患者4 ml的外周血,分装、保存在不同温度及相同温度下的不同时间,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测其不同时间点血浆HCV RNA的水平(log IU/ml),并与该血液标本的起始HCV RNA水平做比较分析。结果当血液标本中的HCV RNA起始水平≥105IU/ml时,在25℃放置6 h后转至4℃保存18 h(a)、25℃放置12 h后转至4℃保存12 h(b)及4℃放置24 h(c)等3种保存条件,24 h时内检测到血液标本的HCV RNA水平105IU/ml组分别为(5.15±0.16)、(5.15±0.15)及(5.16±0.16)IU/ml(P>0.05),107 IU/ml组分别为(7.45±0.21)、(7.44±0.23)及(7.45±0.24)IU/ml(P>0.05);当血液标本中HCV RNA起始水平在临界范围[(3.38±0.14)IU/ml]时,在条件a、b保存24 h血液标本的HCV RNA含量分别为(2.28±1.52)IU/ml、0(均为P<0.01),而条件c保存24 h血液标本的HCV RNA含量为(3.28±0.20)IU/ml(P>0.05);当血液标本中HCV RNA起始水平为103 IU/ml时,在4℃保存48 h时HCV RNA含量为(2.31±1.54)IU/ml(P<0.01)。结论当血液中HCVRNA起始浓度较低时,HCV RNA的稳定性较差,短时常温保存都会造成病毒核酸的降解。     

A prospective,multicenter phase II study of continuous infusion of FLAG for patients older than 60 yr with resistant acute myeloid leukemia: a comparison with intensive younger patients’ trial

Relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) in elderly (≥60 yr old) patients were eligible. Induction chemotherapy consisted fludarabine and cytarabine (ARAC) as a 24‐hr CI without idarubicin (C‐FLAG), which was compared with the results of C‐FLAG with idarubicin (CI‐FLAG2) in younger patients’ trial. A total of 33 and 68 patients were enrolled in C‐FLAG and CI‐FLAG2, respectively. CR, CRp, and CRi were achieved in 10 (30.3%), 3 (9.1%), and 2 (6.1%), respectively. When comparing outcomes between C‐FLAG and CI‐FLAG2, there were no difference in terms of CR rate (P = 0.572) and objective response rate (ORR; P = 0.899). Favorable predictors on ORR in C‐FLAG were PB WBC ≤ 20K/uL at salvage (P = 0.024) and early evaluation peripheral BLAST = 0% (P = 0.013) on multivariate analysis. The overall survival of patients who achieve CR/CRp/CRi showed significantly prolonged survival compared with patients who did not in C‐FLAG (P < 0.001) and was a favorable predictor of longer survival by multivariate analysis (P = 0.009). Median overall survival was 3.19 (95% CI, 2.05–4.33) months and similar with that of CI‐FLAG2 (P = 0.841). Attenuated salvage regimen C‐FLGA in elderly patients was as effective as more intensive younger patients’ regimen CI‐FLAG2 in terms of response and survival although elderly patients had more unfavorable clinical characteristics.