比色法测定维生素B1片含量的研究

本文实验比较了某些现有光度测定ＶＢ１方法，提出用盐酸苯肼－亚硝酸钠试剂与维生素Ｂ１反应生成橙红色溶液，进行光度测定，对比度△λ为９１ｎｍ，灵敏度，ε（４９７ｎｍ）＝１．１×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ（－１）·ｃｍ（－１），在０～１０μｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性关系良好。用本法测定维生素Ｂ１片的含量，标准加入回收率范围为１００％～１０３％，片剂测定与中国药典１９９０年版紫外分光光度法测定结果一致。     

过度训练的病理生理及康复 Ⅰ.大鼠过度训练模型的建立

实验表明,运用大鼠跑台运动,以心电图、体重、饮食量、精神状况、毛发脱落、尿蛋白、血清睾酮、皮质醇等为监测指标建立大鼠过度训练模型的方法是可行的。本文并首次模拟出大鼠运动性心律失常心电图。     

~(125)碘-绒毛膜促性腺激素的电泳纯化及分析

标记抗原在贮存过程中,由于受幅射分解和脱碘影响而使免疫活性和生物活性降低。我们对自制的~(125)碘-绒毛膜促性腺激素进行了实验观察。结果显示:贮存1月后,其免疫活性和生物活性分别降低了33.1％和44.0％;经电泳纯化后的标记物的免疫活性和生物活性明显提高,分别达到了最初的90.5％和95.3％。     

Perioperative specific management of blood volume loss in craniosynostosis surgery

Accurate assessment and replacement of blood loss and fluid–electrolyte deficit during craniosynostosis repair is difficult owing to patient size and the diversity of surgical technique. Forty-three patients undergoing primary craniosynostosis repair over a 10-year period were studied retrospectively to determine blood loss and fluid deficit and to assess blood transfusion practices during both intraoperative and postoperative periods. Blood loss was calculated on the basis of estimated red cell mass (ERCM) and fluid-electrolyte imbalance was investigated with blood samplings. Blood transfusion was considered appropriate if the postoperative or posttransfusion ERCM was within 12% of the preoperative value. Estimated fluid requirement (EFR) was used in 4 ml kg^–1 h^–1 except for neonates. Intraoperatively, 80% of all patients were appropriately managed with respect to blood transfusion and EFR. Postoperatively only 20% of the patients receiving transfusions were transfused appropriately. In 23.3% of these patients (10/43) unexpected respiratory distress developed immediately after their recovery from the anesthesia. With the measurement of estimated blood volume and allowable blood loss, appropriate transfusion could be achieved for the successful treatment of the primary craniosynostosis. Received: 16 February 1998     

方格星虫提取物对雄性小鼠免疫及生殖器官的辐射防护作用

目的 观察方格星虫提取物对y射线损伤雄性小鼠免疫器官及生殖器官的保护作用.方法 将50只雄性小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组及低[0.5g/(kg·d)]、中[1.0g/(kg·d)]、高[2.0g/(kg·d)]3个剂量方格星虫提取物组,每天灌胃给药1次,给药剂量为2.0 mL/kg,灌胃2周后,除正常对照组外,各组均以剂量率为0.83 Gy/h的60Co γ射线进行1次全身照射,照射剂量为5 Gy.于辐照前1 d,辐照后第3天、第14天测定小鼠体重、外周血白细胞数,辐照后第14天测定小鼠胸腺指数、脾指数、骨髓有核细胞计数、睾丸重量指数、精子总数及精子畸形率.结果 方格星虫提取物可使辐照后第3天3个剂量组小鼠外周血白细胞数明显高于模型组(P＜0.05),辐照后第14天3个剂量组小鼠的胸腺指数及脾指数明显高于模型组(P＜0.05),低、中剂量组小鼠的骨髓有核细胞数显著高于模型组(P＜0.05),高剂量组小鼠骨髓有核细胞数显著高于模型组(P＜0.01),中、高剂量组睾丸重量指数、精子总数明显高于模型组(P＜0.05),中、高剂量组的精子畸形率显著低于模型组(P＜0.01).结论 方格星虫提取物对辐射损伤小鼠的免疫器官及生殖器官具有一定的保护作用.     

有效控制与控制不佳的MRI阴性的GTCS病人发作间期SPECT对照研究

目的:利用单光子发射计算机断层摄影(SPECT)半定量分析有效控制与控制不良的MRI阴性的全面性强直阵挛发作癫(GTCS)病人的局部脑血流差异,探讨脑血流灌注与其预后的关系.材料和方法:对29例有效控制的和12例控制不佳的MRI阴性的GTCS病人进行发作间期99mTc-ECD-SPECT脑血灌流显像,10例年龄匹配的健康人作对照,用感兴趣区(ROI)的不对称指数(%AI)进行半定量分析.将SPECT分析结果与病人的临床表现与EEG相比较.结果:①控制不佳组与有效控制组在丘脑和基底节区的%AI存在显著性差异(P<0.05);②控制不佳组SPECT脑显像的异常率(83.3%,10/12)明显高于有效控制组的异常率(17.2%,5/29),两组具有显著性差异(P<0.01);而两组病人的EEG异常率分别为58.3%、44.8%(7/12、13/29),无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论:控制不佳的MRI阴性的GTCS病人往往存在发作间期的低血流灌注脑区,提示癫的难治性;而控制良好的病人多无明显异常发现,可能预后较好.     

探讨快速维修现代放射影像设备的基本方法与步骤

介绍快速确定现代放射影像设备故障的所在部位与原因的方法与步骤,简述了11种快速维修的基本方法.     

肺结核病人健康教育现状调查与影响因素分析

目的　调查活动性肺结核病人在诊断前接受结核病知识的教育现状 ,分析病人接受结核病知识与社会经济因素的影响。方法　对 2 0 0 0年全国结核病流行病学抽样调查中的 1 2 78名活动性肺结核病人进行社会经济个案调查 ,调查以问卷的形式进行。结果　 1 2 78例肺结核病人在诊断前有 5 1 4例接受过不同形式的健康教育 ,占 40 2 % ,男性接受健康教育比例为 41 8% ,女性为 3 6 9%。各年龄组接受健康教育比例 <1 5岁组最低为2 5 9% ,其次是 65～年龄组为 3 0 9%。随着病人文化程度的增高和家庭人均年收入的增高 ,接受健康教育比例增高。肺结核病人各种职业的分类中 ,无工作者接受健康教育比例最低为 3 5 5 % ,其次为农林牧渔劳动者。按照病人是否有症状、有症状后是否就诊及最后诊断为肺结核病人的 3个过程接受不同形式的健康教育的频率 ,均以广播电视、健康教育和亲友教育为主。结论　在开展健康教育活动中 ,应注意对儿童和老年人群 ,对于文化程度低、家庭经济收入低、无工作者和农林牧渔劳动者等重点人群的教育     

鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤83例报告

目的 :评价鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤的治疗方法及其效果。方法 :83例原发于鼻腔、上颌窦、筛窦、蝶窦及额窦的恶性肿瘤 ,分别施行上颌骨次全与全切除术 ,前额开窗 -鼻锥翻转进路额筛蝶眶肿瘤大块切除及颅面联合切除术 ,部分病例实施冷冻切除 ,颌颈联合根治等手术 ,术后常规放疗。结果 :3年生存率为 4 7.5 %(36 76 ) ,5年生存率为 36 .2 %(2 5 6 9)。结论 :鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤通过手术及采用术后放疗等综合治疗 ,可提高疗效 ,但仍需进一步改进治疗方法 ,以提高患者生存率。     

Establishment of a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line highly expressing sodium iodide symporter for radionuclide gene therapy.

To evaluate the possibility of radionuclide gene therapy and imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma cancer, we investigated the iodine accumulation of a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, SK-Hep1, by transfer of human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) gene. By targeting NIS expression in SK-Hep1, we could also investigate whether these cells concentrate 99mTc-pertechnetate and 188Re-perrhenate as well as 125I in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: The hNIS gene was transfected to human hepatocellular carcinoma SK-Hep1 cell lines using lipofectamine plus reagent. The uptake and efflux of 125I, 99mTc-pertechnetate, and 188Re-perrhenate were measured in the transfected and parental cells. Biodistribution was studied in nude mice bearing SK-Hep1 and SK-Hep1-NIS at 10 and 30 min and at 1, 2, 6, 16, and 23 h after injection of 125I, 99mTc- pertechnetate, or 188Re-perrhenate. In tumor imaging studies, the nude mice were intravenously injected with 188Re-perrhenate and imaged with a gamma-camera equipped with a pinhole collimator at 30 and 60 min after injection. The survival rate (%) was determined by the clonogenic assay after 37 MBq/10 mL (1 mCi/10 mL) 131I and 188Re-perrhenate treatment. RESULTS: SK-Hep1-NIS, stably expressing the NIS gene, accumulated 125I up 150 times higher than that of SK-Hep1. Iodine uptake of SK-Hep1-NIS is completely blocked by perchlorate. NIS gene transfection into SK-Hep1 also resulted in 112- and 87-fold increases of 99mTc-pertechnetate and 188Re-perrhenate uptake, respectively. Iodide efflux from SK-Hep1-NIS was relatively slow, with only 10% released during the initial 5 min, and 60% remained at 25 min. In the biodistribution study using SK-Hep1-NIS-xenographed mice, the tumor uptake of 125I, 188Re-perrhenate, and 99mTc-pertechnetate was 68.0 +/- 15.0, 46.2 +/- 9.1, and 59.6 +/- 16.2 %ID/g (percentage injected dose per gram) at 2 h after injection, respectively. After 188Re-perrhenate injection in SK-Hep1 and SK-Hep1-NIS-xenographed nude mice, whole-body images clearly visualized the SK-Hep1-NIS tumor, whereas the control tumor was not visualized. The survival rate (%) of SK-Hep1-NIS was markedly reduced to 46.3% +/- 10.1% and 28.9% +/- 5.2% after 37 MBq/mL (1 mCi/10 mL) 131I and 188Re-perrhenate treatment compared with the survival rates of the parental cells. These results demonstrated that SK-Hep1-NIS could be selectively killed by the induced 131I and 188Re-perrhenate accumulation through NIS gene expression. CONCLUSION: NIS-based gene therapy using beta-emitting radionuclides has the potential to be used in hepatocellular carcinoma management.