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61.
Factors that relate to reproductive patterns in 129 families after the birth of a child with phenylketonuria (PKU) include birth order of the index child, age of the parents at the birth of the index child, and expressed intentions of the parents whether or not to have additional children. Factors that do not correlate with reproductive histories include knowledge of the genetic and metabolic nature of PKU, the relationship of PKU to mental retardation and special diet, parental upset about the diagnosis, sex of the affected child, parental IQ, religion, education, and social class. Correlations found related to the question, "Is PKU the reason you don't want more children?" include stress factors in family functioning, mother's upset with the diagnosis, father's concerns about being a carrier, sex of the child with PKU, and degree of knowledge about PKU. Many of the Collaborative Study clinics tend to be more concerned about the consequences of PKU on the family than on society, and feel that families should receive genetic counseling to determine their reproductive risks and future plans. Upon self-report, many clinics declare their counseling to be either "completely nondirective" or making a "conscious effort to be nondirective." 相似文献
62.
We comment on the target article by Weingardt (this issue), which discusses recent advances in instructional design and technology (IDT) and their implications for dissemination of evidence-based practices. These arguments are extended to the topic of psychological intervention design, and possibilities for new intervention structures are briefly explored. Finally, comments are offered on maintaining a careful balance between technological and social processes in the effort to promote the dissemination of innovative and evidence-based psychological procedures. 相似文献
63.
Comparison of isolation media for recovery of Burkholderia cepacia complex from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Henry D Campbell M McGimpsey C Clarke A Louden L Burns JL Roe MH Vandamme P Speert D 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1999,37(4):1004-1007
Burkholderia cepacia selective agar (BCSA) has previously been devised for isolation of B. cepacia from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis and tested under research laboratory conditions. Here we describe a study in which BCSA, oxidation-fermentation polymyxin bacitracin lactose agar (OFPBL), and Pseudomonas cepacia agar (PCA) were compared in routine culture procedures for the ability to grow B. cepacia and inhibit other organisms. Three hundred twenty-eight specimens from 209 patients at two pediatric centers and 328 specimens from 109 adults were tested. Plates were inoculated, incubated, and read for quality and quantity of growth at 24, 48, and 72 h. Five (1.5%) specimens from 4 (1.9%) children and 75 (22.9%) specimens from 16 (14.7%) adults grew B. cepacia complex. At 24, 48, and 72 h, BCSA achieved 43, 93, and 100% detection, respectively; OFPBL achieved 26, 84, and 96%, respectively; and PCA achieved 33, 74, and 84% detection, respectively. Quality was assessed as pinpoint or good growth. At 24 h, most cultures growing B. cepacia complex had pinpoint colonies. By 48 and 72 h, 48 and 69% of B. cepacia complex cultures, respectively, had good growth on BCSA, while on OFPBL 19 and 30%, respectively, had good growth and on PCA 11 and 18%, respectively, had good growth. BCSA was superior to OFPBL and PCA in suppressing organisms other than B. cepacia complex; 40 non-B. cepacia complex organisms were isolated from BCSA, 263 were isolated from OFPBL, and 116 were isolated from PCA. We conclude that BCSA is superior to OFPBL and PCA in its ability to support the growth of B. cepacia complex and to suppress other respiratory organisms. 相似文献
64.
Molecular analysis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fiji disease virus</Emphasis> genome segments 5, 6, 8 and 10 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Summary. The complete sequences of Fiji disease virus (FDV) genome segments 5 (S5), S6, S8 and S10 were obtained and comprised 3150nt, 2831nt, 1959nt and 1819nt, respectively. Each segment contained a single ORF which encoded putative proteins of 115kDa, 97kDa, 69kDa and 63.0kDa, respectively. The putative amino acid sequences encoded by S5 and S6 contained putative leucine zipper motifs while FDV S5 and S8 each contained an ATP-GTP-binding motif. At the amino acid level, FDV S5, S6, S8 and S10 showed most similarity to the corresponding segments of Rice black-streaked dwarf virus. Based on sequence similarities, it is predicted that FDV S8 encodes a minor core protein, while FDV S10 encodes an outer capsid protein. The evolutionary relationships of FDV to other reoviruses are discussed.The nucleotide sequence data for FDV S5, S6, S8 and S10 are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession numbers AY029521, AF356083, AY297693 and AY297694, respectively. 相似文献
65.
Evans CM Williams OW Tuvim MJ Nigam R Mixides GP Blackburn MR DeMayo FJ Burns AR Smith C Reynolds SD Stripp BR Dickey BF 《American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology》2004,31(4):382-394
Airway mucus hypersecretion is a prominent feature of many obstructive lung diseases. We thus determined the ontogeny and exocytic phenotype of mouse airway mucous cells. In naive mice, ciliated (approximately 40%) and nonciliated (approximately 60%) epithelial cells line the airways, and > 95% of the nonciliated cells are Clara cells that contain Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP). Mucous cells comprise < 5% of the nonciliated cells. After sensitization and a single aerosol antigen challenge, alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff's positive mucous cell numbers increase dramatically, appearing 6 h after challenge (21% of nonciliated/nonbasal cells), peaking from Days 1-7 (99%), and persisting at Day 28 (65%). Throughout the induction and resolution of mucous metaplasia, ciliated and Clara cell numbers identified immunohistochemically change only slightly. Intracellular mucin content peaks at Day 7, and mucin expression is limited specifically to a Clara cell subset in airway generations 2-4 that continue to express CCSP. Functionally, Clara cells are secretory cells that express the regulated exocytic marker Rab3D and, in antigen-challenged mice, rapidly secrete mucin in response to inhaled ATP in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, Clara cells show great plasticity in structure and secretory products, yet have molecular and functional continuity in their identity as specialized apical secretory cells. 相似文献
66.
Screening for cognitive impairment in older African-Caribbeans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rait G Morley M Burns A Baldwin R Chew-Graham C St Leger AS 《Psychological medicine》2000,30(4):957-963
BACKGROUND: There are increasing numbers of older African-Caribbeans in the United Kingdom. Screening instruments are commonly used in the detection of cognitive impairment, but have not been assessed within this population. This study aimed to develop culturally modified versions of screening instruments for cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT)) and to determine their sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of dementia. METHODS: The instruments were modified using a process involving a community group of African-Caribbeans and an academic group of health professionals. They were used in a two-stage study involving community resident African-Caribbeans aged 60 years or over in inner-city Manchester, comparing the screening instruments against a computerized diagnostic interview. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty people completed the study. The results for the largest subgroup, the Jamaicans (N = 96) were analysed. Effects of gender, age and education on the MMSE and AMT scores were evaluated. The correlations between the screening instruments and diagnostic interview were highly significant (P < 0.001). At appropriate cut-offs both screening instruments demonstrated high sensitivity and acceptable specificity levels. CONCLUSIONS: A defined process with lay input has assisted in producing culturally modified versions of the MMSE and AMT that perform well compared with a diagnostic interview, if an appropriate cut-off is used. They are easy to administer and acceptable to older African-Caribbean people. The results need to be viewed within the limitations of the current study. 相似文献
67.
Irving Dardick Sharon Cavell David Moher Peggy Seely Alexander Dardick Marilyn McDougall Bruce F. Burns 《Ultrastructural pathology》1989,13(4):393-404
Ultrastructural morphometric analysis was carried out on six cases of lymph node biopsies with reactive hyperplasia to establish the frequency and depth of invaginations in nuclear profiles situated in the mantle zones and follicular centers. The frequency distribution of the depth of invaginations was similar in nuclear profiles whether in the small lymphocytes of mantle zones or the small, partially transformed (centrocytes) and fully transformed (centroblasts) lymphocytes of follicular centers. Invaginated and cleaved lymphocytes were not confined to the partially transformed (centrocytic) lymphocytes of follicular centers, and nuclear profiles with invaginations bore no resemblance to those depicted in the Lukes-Collins model. A considerable proportion of mantle zone lymphocyte nuclear profiles had invaginations (ranging from 7.5% to 53.6%) and there was no difference between the frequency of deep indentations or clefts in mantle zone lymphocytes (8.1 ± 5.4%) and the small unstimulated (9.3 ± 5.3%) and partially transformed (8.4 ± 1.4%) lymphocytes in follicular centers. Computer modeling of stylized nuclei with conical indentations indicated that all lymphocytic nuclei likely have multiple invaginations or groove-like creases. 相似文献
68.
Edith A. Burns Raymond Fleming David A. Wagstaff James S. Goodwin Robert Hirschman Jordan J. Greenberg 《Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research》2002,7(2):65-74
Few investigations have looked at behavioral stress outcomes in Alzheimer's caregivers. This study documented concentration deficits to examine behavioral outcomes of stress in 33 Alzheimer's Disease (AD) caregivers and in 33 age-, sex-, and race-matched controls. As hypothesized, caregivers showed less persistence than controls in solving problems from a standard test of problem-solving ability. In addition, caregivers tended to make more errors than controls on a standard proofreading task ( p < .09). In AD caregivers, cognitive deficits (represented by lower scores on problem-solving and concentration tasks) may be representative of a broader deficit in concentration that impairs the ability of caregivers to provide for their own needs and the needs of the family member for whom they are caring. 相似文献
69.
No evidence for chromosomal mosaicism in multiple tissues of 10 patients with 45 XO Turner syndrome 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jane L. Burns Judith G. Hall Ellen Powers James B. Callis Holger Hoehn 《Clinical genetics》1979,15(1):22-28
Why the frequency of spontaneous abortions among monosomy X conceptuses is 98 % while the postnatal course of Turner syndrome is relatively benign has not been understood. One explanation could be that mosaicism for a euploid cell line confers viability and that those 2 % of 45, XO zygotes surviving in utero have some degree of mosaicism. We thus reasoned that if the non-mosaic 45, XO karyotype is lethal, a thorough study of living Turner syndrome patients might reveal a much higher frequency of mosaicism than the 30–40 % reported. Ten adult women with a 45 , XO leukocyte karyotype were investigated, looking at five tissue types from all three germ layers: buccal mucosa and hair from ectoderm, urinary epithelium from endoderm and ectoderm, and lymphocytes and skin fibroblasts from mesoderm. We were unable to confirm mosaicism in these patients, although in 2 out of 10 there was the suggestion of a small percentage of euploid cells in skin and blood karyotypes. 相似文献
70.