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101.
102.
D S Freestone S Hamilton-Smith G C Schild R Buckland S Chinn D A Tyrrell 《The Journal of hygiene》1972,70(3):531-543
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G. Buckland N. Travier J.M. Huerta H.B Bueno‐de‐Mesquita P.D. Siersema G. Skeie E. Weiderpass D. Engeset U. Ericson B. Ohlsson A. Agudo I. Romieu P. Ferrari H. Freisling S. Colorado‐Yohar K. Li R. Kaaks V. Pala A.J. Cross E. Riboli A. Trichopoulou P. Lagiou C. Bamia M.C. Boutron‐Ruault G. Fagherazzi L. Dartois A.M. May P.H. Peeters S. Panico M. Johansson B. Wallner D. Palli T.J. Key K.T. Khaw E. Ardanaz K. Overvad A. Tjnneland M. Dorronsoro M.J. Snchez J.R. Quirs A. Naccarati R. Tumino H. Boeing C.A. Gonzalez 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2015,137(3):598-606
Several modifiable lifestyle factors, including smoking, alcohol, certain dietary factors and weight are independently associated with gastric cancer (GC); however, their combined impact on GC risk is unknown. We constructed a healthy lifestyle index to investigate the joint influence of these behaviors on GC risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. The analysis included 461,550 participants (662 first incident GC cases) with a mean follow‐up of 11.4 years. A healthy lifestyle index was constructed, assigning 1 point for each healthy behavior related to smoking status, alcohol consumption and diet quality (represented by the Mediterranean diet) for assessing overall GC and also body mass index for cardia GC and 0 points otherwise. Risk of GC was calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models while adjusting for relevant confounders. The highest versus lowest score in the healthy lifestyle index was associated with a significant lower risk of GC, by 51% overall (HR 0.49 95% CI 0.35, 0.70), by 77% for cardia GC (HR 0.23 95% CI 0.08, 0.68) and by 47% for noncardia GC (HR 0.53 (95% CI 0.32, 0.87), p‐trends<0.001. Population attributable risk calculations showed that 18.8% of all GC and 62.4% of cardia GC cases could have been prevented if participants in this population had followed the healthy lifestyle behaviors of this index. Adopting several healthy lifestyle behaviors including not smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, eating a healthy diet and maintaining a normal weight is associated with a large decreased risk of GC. 相似文献
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Crowe FL Key TJ Appleby PN Overvad K Schmidt EB Egeberg R Tjønneland A Kaaks R Teucher B Boeing H Weikert C Trichopoulou A Ouranos V Valanou E Masala G Sieri S Panico S Tumino R Matullo G Bueno-de-Mesquita HB Boer JM Beulens JW van der Schouw YT Quirós JR Buckland G Sánchez MJ Dorronsoro M Huerta JM Moreno-Iribas C Hedblad B Jansson JH Wennberg P Khaw KT Wareham N Ferrari P Illner AK Chuang SC Norat T Danesh J Riboli E 《European journal of clinical nutrition》2012,66(8):950-956
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D. S. Freestone Stephanie Hamilton-Smith G. C. Schild Rosemary Buckland Susan Chinn D. A. J. Tyrrell 《Epidemiology and infection》1972,70(3):531-543
Forty-nine subjects were vaccinated with either live attenuated, detergent split, or oil adjuvant A2/Hong Kong influenza vaccines, or a saline influenza B vaccine as control. Respiratory symptoms occurred more frequently in subjects who received the live vaccine but in total there was little difference between the symptoms in the four groups. Antibody titres in nasal washings and serum were measured by haemagglutination inhibition, neuraminidase inhibition and virus neutralization tests. The oil adjuvant vaccine stimulated larger antibody responses than the other procedures. Six weeks after vaccination the volunteers were challenged with partially attenuated live A2/Hong Kong influenza virus administered intranasally. The live attenuated and oil adjuvant vaccines provided the best protection against challenge. 相似文献
109.
Dean C. Perfetti Ran Schwarzkopf Aaron J. Buckland Carl B. Paulino Jonathan M. Vigdorchik 《The Journal of arthroplasty》2017,32(5):1635-1640.e1
Background
Lumbar-pelvic fusion reduces the variation in pelvic tilt in functional situations by reducing lumbar spine flexibility, which is thought to be important in maintaining stability of a total hip arthroplasty (THA). We compared dislocation and revision rates for patients with lumbar fusion and subsequent THA to a matched comparison cohort with hip and spine degenerative changes undergoing only THA.Methods
We identified patients in New York State who underwent primary elective lumbar fusion for degenerative disc disease pathology and subsequent THA between January 2005 and December 2012. A propensity score match was performed to compare 934 patients with prior lumbar fusion to 934 patients with only THA according to age, gender, race, Deyo comorbidity score, year of surgery, and surgeon volume. Revision and dislocation rates were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months post-THA.Results
At 12 months, patients with prior lumbar fusion had significantly increased rates of THA dislocation (control: 0.4%; fusion: 3.0%; P < .001) and revision (control: 0.9%; fusion: 3.9%; P < .001). At 12 months, fusion patients were 7.19 times more likely to dislocate their THA (P < .001) and 4.64 times more likely to undergo revision (P < .001).Conclusion
Patients undergoing lumbar fusion and subsequent THA have significantly higher risks of dislocation and revision of their hip arthroplasty than a matched cohort of patients with similar hip and spine pathology but only undergoing THA. During preoperative consultation for patients with prior lumbar fusion, orthopedic surgeons must educate the patient and family about the increased risk of dislocation and revision. 相似文献110.
Hydroxyapatite containing levels of titanium (TiHA) of up to 1.6 wt.% has been produced via a chemical co-precipitation route. The distribution of Ti was seen by transmission electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray analysis to be uniform throughout as-prepared nanosized TiHA particles (20 nm × 100 nm). The incorporation of Ti into the HA structure was found to influence the ceramic microstructure on sintering and the grain size was found to decrease from 0.89 μm with HA to 0.63 μm with 0.8 wt.% TiHA (0.8 TiHA) and 0.45 μm with 1.6 wt.% TiHA (1.6 TiHA). Rietveld refinement analysis showed that there was a proportional increase in both the a and c axis with incorporation of Ti into the HA lattice structure, leading to an increase in the cell volume with the addition of Ti. Fourier transform-Raman analysis showed a slight increase in the ratio of O–H/P–O peaks on TiHA, in comparison with HA. A bone-like apatite layer was formed on the surface of TiHA after immersion in simulated body fluid for 3 days, which demonstrated the high in vitro bioactivity of TiHA. In vitro culture with primary human osteoblast (HOB) cells revealed that TiHA was able to support the growth and proliferation of HOB cells in vitro, with a significantly higher cell activity being observed on 0.8 TiHA after 7 days of culture in comparison with that on HA. Well-organized actin cytoskeletal protein was developed after 1 day of culture, and an increase in cell filopodia (attachment) was observed on TiHA sample surfaces. The results indicate that TiHA has great potential for biomedical applications. 相似文献