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71.
Numerical and In Vitro Investigation of a Novel Mechanical Circulatory Support Device Installed in the Descending Aorta
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Mohammad Amin Rezaienia Akbar Rahideh Borhan Alhosseini Hamedani Dawid Emanuel Maximilian Bosak Silviya Zustiak Theodosios Korakianitis 《Artificial organs》2015,39(6):502-513
Traditional implantation techniques of assist devices from the apex of left ventricle to the ascending or descending aorta are highly invasive and carry substantial complications for end‐stage heart failure patients. This study has shown that the descending aorta can be a promising location to install an implantable mechanical circulatory support with minimally invasive surgery. Herein, the hemodynamic effect of an in‐house prototyped pump implanted in the descending aorta was investigated numerically as well as experimentally. The objective of the experimental study is met by using the in‐house simulator of the cardiovascular loop replicating congestive heart failure conditions. The objective of the numerical study was met by using the modified version of the concentrated lumped parameter model developed by the same team. The results show that the pump placement in the descending aorta can lead to an improvement in pulsatility. The pressure drop, generated at the upstream of the pump, facilitates the cardiac output as a result of after‐load reduction, but at the same time, it induces a slight drop in the carotid as well as the coronary perfusion. The pressure rise, generated at the downstream of the pump, improves the blood perfusion in the renal circulation. 相似文献
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Sean Molloy Maggie Lai Guy Pratt Karthik Ramasamy David Wilson Nasir Quraishi Martin Auger David Cumming Maqsood Punekar Michael Quinn Debo Ademonkun Fenella Willis Jane Tighe Gordon Cook Alistair Stirling Timothy Bishop Cathy Williams Bronek Boszczyk Jeremy Reynolds Mel Grainger Niall Craig Alastair Hamilton Isobel Chalmers Sam Ahmedzai Susanne Selvadurai Eric Low Charalampia Kyriakou the UK Spinal Myeloma Working Group 《British journal of haematology》2015,171(3):332-343
Myeloma is one of the most common malignancies that results in osteolytic lesions of the spine. Complications, including pathological fractures of the vertebrae and spinal cord compression, may cause severe pain, deformity and neurological sequelae. They may also have significant consequences for quality of life and prognosis for patients. For patients with known or newly diagnosed myeloma presenting with persistent back or radicular pain/weakness, early diagnosis of spinal myeloma disease is therefore essential to treat and prevent further deterioration. Magnetic resonance imaging is the initial imaging modality of choice for the evaluation of spinal disease. Treatment of the underlying malignancy with systemic chemotherapy together with supportive bisphosphonate treatment reduces further vertebral damage. Additional interventions such as cement augmentation, radiotherapy, or surgery are often necessary to prevent, treat and control spinal complications. However, optimal management is dependent on the individual nature of the spinal involvement and requires careful assessment and appropriate intervention throughout. This article reviews the treatment and management options for spinal myeloma disease and highlights the value of defined pathways to enable the proper management of patients affected by it. 相似文献
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Gerhard Smekal Serge P. von Duvillard Maximilian H?rmandinger Roland Moll Mario Heller Rochus Pokan David W. Bacharach Linda M. LeMura Paul Arciero 《Journal of Sports Science and Medicine》2015,14(4):799-810
The purpose of the study was to measure the demands of off-road cycling via portable spirometry, leg-power output (PO), heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (BLa) concentration. Twenty-four male competitive cyclists (age: 29±7.2 yrs, height: 1.79 ± 0.05 m, body mass: 70.0 ± 4.9 kg, VO2peak: 64.9 ± 7.5 ml·kg-1·min-1) performed simulated mountain bike competitions (COMP) and laboratory tests (LabT). From LabT, we determined maximal workload and first and second ventilatory thresholds (VT1, VT2). A high-performance athlete (HPA) was used for comparison with three groups of subjects with different sport-specific performance levels. Load profiles of COMP were also investigated during uphill, flat and downhill cycling. During the COMP, athletes achieved a mean oxygen uptake (VO2COMP) of 57.0 ± 6.8 ml·kg-1·min-1 vs. 71.1 ml·kg-1·min-1 for the HPA. The POCOMP was 2.66±0.43 W·kg-1 and 3.52 W·kg-1 for the HPA. POCOMP, VO2COMP and HRCOMP were compared to corresponding variables at the VT2 of LabT. LabT variables correlated with racing time (RTCOMP) and POCOMP (p < 0.01 to <0.001; r-0.59 to -0.80). The VO2peak (LabT) accounted for 65% of variance of a single COMP test. VO2COMP, POCOMP and also endurance variables measured from LabTs were found as important determinants for cross-country performance. The high average VO2COMP indicates that a high aerobic capacity is a prerequisite for successful COMP. Findings derived from respiratory gas measures during COMPs might be useful when designing mountain bike specific training.
Key points
- Cross- country cycling is characterized by high oxygen costs due to the high muscle mass simultaneously working to fulfill the demands of this kind of sports.
- Heart rate and blood lactate concentration measures are not sensitive enough to assess the energy requirements of COMP. Therefore, respiratory gas and power output measures are helpful to provide new information to physiological profile of cross- country cycling.
- An excellent cycling-specific capacity is a prerequisite for successful off-road cycling.
- Data determined from LabT might be utilized to describe semi-specific abilities of MB- athletes on a cycle ergometer, while data originating from COMP might be useful when designing a mountain bike specific training.
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Knez A Becker A Leber A White C Becker CR Reiser MF Steinbeck G Boekstegers P 《The American journal of cardiology》2004,93(9):1150-1152
This angiographically correlated study reports on, for the first time, age- and gender-based distribution of the volumetric calcium score in a large group of patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Volumetric calcium data predicted significant coronary artery disease (>/=50% lumen diameter stenosis) as well as the traditional Agatston score. Exclusion of any calcium was highly accurate in ruling out obstructive disease in symptomatic subjects >/=50 years of age. 相似文献