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91.
Dr. med. Wiemann 《Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery》1920,18(3-4):488-494
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
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Pharmacodynamic profile of bisoprolol, a new beta 1-selective adrenoceptor antagonist. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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G Leopold W Ungethüm J Pabst Z Simane K U Bühring H Wiemann 《British journal of clinical pharmacology》1986,22(3):293-300
The pharmacodynamic profile of bisoprolol, a new beta 1-selective adrenoceptor antagonist, was investigated in four independent studies including 36 healthy male volunteers. Using the model of exercise-induced tachycardia (ET) the beta-adrenoceptor blocking properties of bisoprolol (2.5-40 mg) were examined in comparison to metoprolol (50 and 100 mg), propranolol (40 and 80 mg) and atenolol (50 and 100 mg). The maximal reduction of ET was achieved between 1 and 4 h following single oral administration. The dose-response relationship using individual maximal reduction of ET showed, on a molar basis, that bisoprolol is about 5, 7 and 10 times more effective than propranolol, atenolol and metoprolol, respectively. In the model of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia bisoprolol behaved as a beta 1-selective adrenoceptor antagonist. There was a good correlation (r = 0.94) between the log bisoprolol concentration and the reduction in exercise-induced tachycardia. Bisoprolol is a potent new cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist with a competitive action at beta 1-adrenoceptors. 相似文献
95.
K. Schirrmacher D. Nonhoff M. Wiemann E. Peterson-Grine P. R. Brink D. Bingmann 《Calcified tissue international》1996,59(4):259-264
The present study investigated the effects of elevated cytoplasmic free calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i) on the permeability of gap junctions between cultured osteoblast-like (OB) cells derived from calvarial and periosteal fragments
of newborn rats. This was studied using the double whole cell patch clamp technique and intracellular dye injections. To increase
[Ca2+]i, patch pipette solutions contained 100 μmol/liter Ca2+. About 1–2 minutes after whole cell modes had been attained, the total number of gap junction channels was reduced from an
average of 400 in normal Ca2+ to 20 in high Ca2+. Thereafter, remaining gap junction channels were active for up to 8 minutes. In normal rat kidney (NRK) cells, gap junction
channels were closed by high Ca2+ within 1 minute, pointing to a similar sensitivity of Connexin43 gap junction channels in OB and NRK cells. To study the
effects of elevated [Ca2+]i on the dye permeability of gap junctions between extended OB cells, the spread of Lucifer Yellow to neighboring cells was
evaluated. [Ca2+]i was gradually increased from 1.5- to 14-fold the normal value by application of either ouabain, Na+-free/ouabain, or A23187. Reduced dye spread correlated with the increase of [Ca2+]i measured by analyzing the fluorescence of fura-2. These data show that gap junctions in OB cells are sensitive to Ca2+.
Received: 15 August 1995 / Accepted: 12 February 1996 相似文献
96.
The hypothesized role of the intracellular pH (pH(i)) as a proximate stimulus for central chemosensitive neurons is reviewed on the basis of data obtained from organotypic cultures of the medulla oblongata (obex level) of new born rats (OMC). Within OMC a subset of neurons responds to hypercapnia as do neurons in the same (or similar) brain areas in vivo. Maneuvers altering intra- and/or extracellular pH (pH(o)) such as hypercapnia, bicarbonate-withdrawal, or ammonium pre-pulses, evoked well defined changes of the neuronal pH(i). During hypercapnia (pH(o) 7.0) or bicarbonate-withdrawal (pH(o) 7.4) most ventrolateral neurons adopted a pH(i) which was < or = 0.2 pH units below the steady state pH(i), while signs of pH(i)-regulation occurred only in a small fraction of neurons. During all treatments leading to intracellular acidosis, bioelectric activity of chemosensitive neurons increased and was often indistinguishable from the response to hypercapnia, regardless of whether pH(o) was unchanged, decreased or increased during the treatment. These data strongly suggest that the pH(i) acts as proximate stimulus. The mode of acid extrusion of chemosensitive neurons is, therefore, of major importance for the control of central chemosensitivity. Immunocytochemical data, pH(i) measurements and neuropharmacological studies with novel drugs pointed to the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger subtype 3 (NHE3) as a main acid extruder in ventrolateral chemosensitive neurons. Possible functions and neuropharmacological strategies arising from this very local NHE3 expression are discussed. 相似文献
97.
Udo Bonnet Dieter Bingmann Tobias Leniger Norbert Scherbaum Guido Widman Andreas Hufnagel Martin Wiemann 《European neuropsychopharmacology》2002,12(4):279-285
Various hypotheses try to explain the anticonvulsive and mood stabilizing effects of valproate. Among them, amplification of GABAergic inhibition and reduction of membrane excitability is favored. Here we show that superfusion with 0.1-1 mM valproate induced a moderate intracellular acidification of BCECF-AM-loaded CA3-neurons (hippocampal slices, guinea pig) which was measured as the difference between intracellular pH before (baseline pH(i)) and during valproate treatment (deltapH(i)). In two groups of neurons treated with 1 mM and 0.1-0.5 mM, deltapH(i) values amounted to 0.20 +/- 0.10 and 0.10 +/- 0.04 (deltapH(i) +/- S.D.), respectively, suggesting a dependence on the used valproate-concentration. DeltapH(i) did not correlate with the baseline pH(i). Furthermore, the acidification seems to be independent from an activation of postsynaptic GABA-A receptors, as it was not influenced by 0.1 mM picrotoxin. Since our previous studies clearly demonstrated a reduction of membrane excitability during moderate intracellular acidification, we suggest that the valproate-mediated intracellular acidification may substantially contribute to its anticonvulsive and mood stabilizing properties. 相似文献
98.
Chambers Brittany D. Arega Helen A. Arabia Silvia E. Taylor Brianne Barron Robyn G. Gates Brandi Scruggs-Leach Loretta Scott Karen A. McLemore Monica R. 《Maternal and child health journal》2021,25(3):402-413
Maternal and Child Health Journal - Exposures to structural racism has been identified as one of the leading risk factors for adverse maternal and infant health outcomes among Black women; yet... 相似文献
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