Zur Nierenausscheidung von P32 als Orthophosphat und Glycerophosphat

Zusammenfassung Nach früheren Versuchen kann es bei Zufuhr größerer Mengen von Glycerophosphat, Phosphoglycerinsäure oder Hexosediphosphat zur tubulären Sekretion von anorganischem Phosphat und Esterphosphat kommen. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse beweisen indessen, daß dieser Effekt von der Erhöhung des P-Esterspiegels im Plasma abhängt. Bei niedrigen Glycerophosphatspiegeln ist eine tubuläre Sekretion nicht nachweisbar, vielleicht wird sie hier — in Analogie zu den Verhältnissen bei der Kaliumausscheidung — von der P-Rückresorption überlagert.Bestimmte Zusammenhänge zwischen der Ausscheidung von anorganischem und organischem P waren der Anlaß, in vergleichenden Versuchen auch radioaktives Orthophosphat zu verwenden. Diese Versuche sollten vor allem zur Beurteilung der Filtrierbarkeit des exogenen im Vergleich zum endogenen anorganischen P dienen. Die registrierten Unterschiede in der Ausscheidungsgeschwindigkeit waren jedoch nicht mit Sicherheit von den Einflüssen einzelner, ausführlich diskutierter Fehlerquellen abzutrennen.Herrn Professor Dr. F. Eichholtz zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet.Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Antibody response to the streptococcal group A-variant polysaccharide in BASILEA rabbits lacking kappa-polypeptide chains

Rabbits from a variant strain called BASILEA, in which homozygotes express only lambda-type chains and heterozygotes have normal kappa/lambda ratios, were hyperimmunized with a streptococcal group A variant vaccine. Homozygotes (bas/bas) produced antibodies with lambda-chains, heterozygotes, however, produced predominantly antibodies with kappa-chains. The incidence of restricted high responders in the BASILEA strain was high; it was probably introduced by the original mutant rather than by the loss of kappa-chains (founder effect). The degree of heterogeneity of homozygotes is similar to the heterogeneity of heterozygotes, and to that of rabbits expressing kappa-chains. This suggests that in the rabbit, the repertoire of lambda-chain genes is of similar size to that of kappa-chain genes.     

The role of gastrectomy in the treatment of hemorrhaging stomach ulcers

It is reported about 6 patients whose bleeding gastric ulcers required gastrectomy as ultima ratio. The operative technique depends on the individual case. Gastrectomy is indicated in patients with diffuse bleeding from erosions or multiple ulcers especially combined to coagulation disorders or in patients with recurrence bleeding after previous gastric resection. We saw no letal complication in spite of unfavourable initial conditions and major operating trauma. There were no essential postoperative complications except of one patient. The definite hemostasis seems to be most important for the prognosis of such critically ill patients.     

Genetics of restricted antibodies to streptococcal group polysaccharides in mice II. The Ir-A-CHO gene determines antibody levels,and regulatory genes influence the restriction of the response

The immune response of mice to the cell wall polysaccharide of group A streptococci is controlled by a single, autosomal gene, the Ir-A-CHO. Ir-A-CHO appears to occur in the form of three alleles: allele a determines high responsiveness; it is dominant over allele b, which confers low responsiveness. The combination of allele a with a proposed second low responder allele c leads to intermediate immune responses. Ir-A-CHO is not linked to the locus that controls hair color, the agouti-locus, nor is it linked to the C_H allotype or the H-2 complex. In addition to Ir-A-CHO the immune response to the streptococcal group A polysaccharide is controled by genes which determine the heterogeneity of the response. This complex but nevertheless limited set of genes is autosomal, codominant and generally has no specificity with respect to the expression of a certain set of variable region genes of antibodies. These traits must be regarded as regulatory genes whose control is independent of the C_H allotype.