Effective chemotherapy for advanced carcinoma of the cervix with bleomycin, cisplatin, vincristine, and methotrexate

This study was designed as a Phase II clinical trial in advanced recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with a combination of bleomycin (B: 10 u/m2/d) and cisplatin (P: 20 mg/m2/d) administered for five consecutive days in intravenous infusion for 7 hours and vincristine (V: 1 mg/m2) and methotrexate (M: 40 mg/m2) administered only on day one of each cycle which was repeated every 28 days up to a maximum of 6 times. Over a period of 2 years, 15 evaluable patients with measurable disease received at least 3 courses of therapy. Six had recurrent disease and nine had distant metastases. All had previous radiation therapy. There were two dropouts after the first course due to nausea and vomiting which was practically universal. Other side effects included: mild paresthesias of the extremities (89%), stomatitis (41%), diarrhea (17%), moderate pancytopenia and hypomagnesemia which was reduced from 65% to 17% when magnesium sulfate 10% was administered with cisplatin. Sixty-six percent of the evaluable patients achieved remission (7 partial and 3 complete) usually before the fourth course of therapy. The disease-free interval was of 29.7 +/- 15 weeks in all responders (40.6 +/- 15.5 weeks in complete responders). The mean survival from the start of BPVM therapy was of 55.8 +/- 33.3 weeks in responders and of only 14 +/- 2.9 weeks in nonresponders (P less than 0.01). It is concluded that BPVM is an effective combination chemotherapy in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. These results should be confirmed in a Phase III trial.     

The effect of colostrum-derived antibody on louping-ill virus infection in lambs.

The influence of colostrum-derived antibody to louping-ill virus on the course of experimental infection was investigated in lambs. Lambs that had high titres of antibody were refractory to infection. Lambs that had low titres of antibody did not develop a viraemia but either showed an antibody reaction or were sensitized as judged by the immune response, which was typical of an anamnestic response, after rechallenge. Animals that had no antibody 34-20 days before challenge had either no or very slight viraemia, but did develop an antibody response with titres as high as those of control lambs by day 21. Lambs that had been negative for longer periods responded in a similar fashion to controls. These findings are discussed in relation to the occurrence of disease in lambs kept in louping-ill endemic areas. It is concluded that in such areas infections of lambs are likely to be of minor importance as a cause of mortality and of little epidemiological significance.     

Multiple primaries among gynecologic malignancies

Seventy-eight synchronous or metachronous tumors among 2362 patients followed by the Downstate Gynecologic Tumor Registry are reviewed. Significant synchronous tumor pairs include cervix (invasive and in situ)-ovary, cervix (in situ)-uterus, cervix (in situ)-kidney, endometrium-ovary, endometrium-rectosigmoid and ovary-breast. Significant metachronous pairs include cervix (invasive and in situ combined)-lung, cervix (invasive and in situ combined)-upper alimentary tract, and cervix (invasive)-rectosigmoid. In the case of in situ and invasive cervical cancer-lower genital tract, significance was determined for both synchronous and metachronous pairs. Long survival is an important factor in the appearance of a second tumor as demonstrated in patients with cervical carcinoma. Synchronous data prove to be valuable in assessing risk of second primaries in patients surviving for short periods. The roles of cigarette smoking, hormones, immunosuppression, radiotherapy, and screening are discussed.     

Dependency of magnetocardiographically determined fetal cardiac time intervals on gestational age,gender and postnatal biometrics in healthy pregnancies

Background  

Magnetocardiography enables the precise determination of fetal cardiac time intervals (CTI) as early as the second trimester of pregnancy. It has been shown that fetal CTI change in course of gestation. The aim of this work was to investigate the dependency of fetal CTI on gestational age, gender and postnatal biometric data in a substantial sample of subjects during normal pregnancy.     

Prophecies of childhood: How children’s social environments and biological propensities affect the health of populations

During the past decade, important steps have been taken globally to improve the status of children. Concurrently, significant advances have been made toward understanding how child development is shaped by transactions between biological and environmental influences. Despite such advances, ongoing adversities in the lives of children worldwide undermine the development of individuals and thus the health of nations. The primary tenets of this paper are that: children continue to suffer a disproportionate share of the world’s adversities; exposure to early adversities is not only associated with increased morbidity during childhood, but also across the lifespan; and recent advances in understanding the operation and ontogeny of stress-response systems can help explain how adversity is translated into lifelong effects on health. Acknowledging the long-lasting sequelae of childhood adversity has important implications for public health and society.