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11.
The impact of research education on student nurse attitude,skill and uptake of evidence‐based practice: a descriptive longitudinal survey 下载免费PDF全文
Matthew J Leach RN BN ND DipClinNutr PhD Anne Hofmeyer RN DipUnivTeach MPHC PhD Amanda Bobridge RN BN BHSc PhD 《Journal of clinical nursing》2016,25(1-2):194-203
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Luuk A. de Wert MD Dan L. Bader PhD DSc Cees W. J. Oomens PhD Lisette Schoonhoven PhD Martijn Poeze MD PhD Nicole D. Bouvy MD PhD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2015,23(6):885-890
Currently, pressure ulcer preventive strategies focus mainly on pressure redistribution. Little attention is paid to reduce the harmful effects of shear‐force, because little is known about pathophysiological aspects of shear‐force. Even today, no method to measure the effects of shear‐force on the skin is available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the response to shear‐forces in terms of analyzing a noninvasive biomarker and reactive hyperemic parameter measured at the skin of healthy participants. A physical model was developed to produce a combination of pressure and shear or pressure alone on the skin. Ten healthy male participants were included and pressure (3.9 kPa) and a combined loading of pressure and shear (2.4 kPa + 14.5 N) was applied at the volar aspect of the forearms for 15 and 30 minutes. A Sebutape sample was used to collect IL‐1α and total protein (TP) noninvasively. The reactive hyperemic parameter was derived from a laser Doppler flowmeter. The increase in IL‐1α/TP‐ratio after a combined loading of pressure and shear for 30 minutes of 6.2 ± 2.5 was significantly higher compared with all other test conditions (p < 0.05). The increase in cutaneous blood cell flux was already significantly higher when a combined loading of pressure and shear was applied for 15 minutes compared with pressure alone. These results shows that the IL‐1α/TP‐ratio and cutaneous blood cell flux can be used as robust measures of the effect of shear‐force on skin in humans. Therefore, this model can be used to evaluate materials aimed at the reduction of shear. 相似文献
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Charlotte de Jonge Sander S. Rensen Froukje J. Verdam Royce P. Vincent Steve R. Bloom Wim A. Buurman Carel W. le Roux Nicolaas C. Schaper Nicole D. Bouvy Jan Willem M. Greve 《Obesity surgery》2013,23(9):1354-1360
Background
Bariatric procedures excluding the proximal small intestine improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes within days. To gain insight into the mediators involved, we investigated factors regulating glucose homeostasis in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with the novel endoscopic duodenal–jejunal bypass liner (DJBL).Methods
Seventeen obese patients (BMI 30–50 kg/m2) with type 2 diabetes received the DJBL for 24 weeks. Body weight and type 2 diabetes parameters, including HbA1c and plasma levels of glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon, were analyzed after a standard meal before, during, and 1 week after DJBL treatment.Results
At 24 weeks after implantation, patients had lost 12.7?±?1.3 kg (p?<?0.01), while HbA1c had improved from 8.4?±?0.2 to 7.0?±?0.2 % (p?<?0.01). Both fasting glucose levels and the postprandial glucose response were decreased at 1 week after implantation and remained decreased at 24 weeks (baseline vs. week 1 vs. week 24: 11.6?±?0.5 vs. 9.0?±?0.5 vs. 8.6?±?0.5 mmol/L and 1,999?±?85 vs. 1,536?±?51 vs. 1,538?±?72 mmol/L/min, both p?<?0.01). In parallel, the glucagon response decreased (23,762?±?4,732 vs. 15,989?±?3,193 vs. 13,1207?±?1,946 pg/mL/min, p?<?0.05) and the GLP-1 response increased (4,440?±?249 vs. 6,407?±?480 vs. 6,008?±?429 pmol/L/min, p?<?0.01). The GIP response was decreased at week 24 (baseline—115,272?±?10,971 vs. week 24—88,499?±?10,971 pg/mL/min, p?<?0.05). Insulin levels did not change significantly. Glycemic control was still improved 1 week after explantation.Conclusions
The data indicate DJBL to be a promising treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes, causing rapid improvement of glycemic control paralleled by changes in gut hormones. 相似文献20.
Hans Wouters Erica C.G. van Geffen Monique C. Baas-Thijssen Elly M. Krol-Warmerdam Anne M. Stiggelbout Svetlana Belitser Marcel L. Bouvy Liset van Dijk 《Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland)》2013,22(5):661-666
Background & study aimsAdjuvant endocrine therapy effectively prevents recurrence and progression of estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer. However, studies reveal substantial non-adherence. The objective was therefore to identify the nature of the experiences and beliefs of women treated with endocrine therapy in an attempt to find potential determinants of non-adherence.MethodOnline Focus Groups (OFGs) and individual interviews were conducted with 37 women who were treated with endocrine therapy. Sixty-three statements derived from the OFGs and 11 belief items from the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) were used in a Q-sorting task conducted with 14 of the women. The quantitative Q-sorting data were statistically analyzed with Hierarchical Cluster Analysis.ResultsA six cluster solution was revealed that included the clusters ‘information’, ‘efficacy’, ‘tenacity’, ‘coping’, ‘side effects’ and ‘usage’. Women's own experiences and perceptions were not clearly delineated from the beliefs measured with the BMQ. However, women judged their own experiences and perceptions with regard to endocrine therapy as more relevant for adherence than the BMQ beliefs.ConclusionIn order to understand and to improve women's adherence to endocrine therapy, women's own perceptions and experiences about endocrine therapy should be targeted in addition to common beliefs that apply to a wide range of medicines. 相似文献