Penile horn

A case of penile horn is reported. Its occurrence is uncommon, and treatment consists of excision.     

Retroperitoneal reexploration of ureteroileal junction

Three patients with ileal conduits and obstruction at the ureteroileal junction were surgically treated through a retroperitoneal incision. The approach is briefly described and recommended.     

Anatrophic nephrolithotomy: experience with a simplication of the Smith and Boyce technique.

The anatrophic nephrolithomty procedure described by Smith and Boyce is a safe, effective method to remove dendritic renal calculi. Two major departures from their surgical technique have simplified the procedure in our hands. Our experience with 56 consecutive cases treated with the simplified technique is reported.     

Uropharmacology: part VI. Parasympathetic depressants.

A discussion of the various parasympathetic depressants is presented. Belladonna alkaloids include atropine, the prototype, and scopolamine. Synthetic drugs include quaternary ammonium compounds with antimuscarinic activity such as methantheline, propantheline, and other drugs such as isopropamide, pipenzolate methylbromide, and diphemanil methylsulfate. A miscellaneous class of drugs such as hemicholinium, valethamate, and oxybutynin chloride also possesses parasympathetic depressant activity. The pharmacologic properties and clinical usage of these drugs are discussed.     

Gingival enlargement and resolution during and after orthodontic treatment

Gingival enlargement (GE) is a condition that commonly develops during orthodontic treatment. Thirty adolescent subjects with clinically significant GE were analyzed at pre-orthodontic treatment (T1), when the appliances were removed (T2), and 3 to 12 months after (T3). The mean GE decreased from T2 to T3, but was significantly higher on T3 than T1 (p<.05). It may be concluded that complete resolution of GE developed during orthodontic treatment is not always attained after removal of the fixed appliances.