Hereditary nephritis associated with vesicoureteral reflux and vaginal duplication.

The concomitant occurrence of vesicoureteral reflux and hereditary nephritis has not been previously reported. A case of a patient with hereditary nephritis, vesicoureteral reflux, and vaginal duplication is presented and the related literature reviewed. It is suggested that familial reflux may occur significantly in families with hereditary nephritis.     

Crossed-fused renal ectopia with a solitary ureter.

A unique case is presented of a child with crossed-fused renal ectopia, in which the renal pelves joined into a common pelvis drained by a single ureter.     

One-stage correction of chordee and 180-degree penile torsion

The surgical management of a patient with 180-degree penile torsion, balanitic hypospadias, and chordee is presented. Complete resolution of the torsion was effected by completely reflecting the penile skin. Correction of the penile curvature was accomplished simultaneously by freeing the corpora spongiosa from the corpora cavernosa.     

Injuries to scrotal contents by blunt trauma.

Three unusual injuries to the scrotal contents following blunt trauma are reported. Early surgical exploration is recommended when significant ecchymosis or a hydrocele follows blunt scrotal trauma.