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Inactivation of factor XIa in human plasma assessed by measuring factor XIa-protease inhibitor complexes: major role for C1-inhibitor 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Wuillemin WA; Minnema M; Meijers JC; Roem D; Eerenberg AJ; Nuijens JH; ten Cate H; Hack CE 《Blood》1995,85(6):1517-1526
From experiments with purified proteins, it has been concluded that factor XIa (FXIa) is inhibited in plasma mainly by alpha 1-antitrypsin (a1AT), followed by antithrombin III (ATIII), C1-inhibitor (C1Inh), and alpha 2-antiplasmin (a2AP). However, the validity of this concept has never been studied in plasma. We established the relative contribution of different inhibitors to the inactivation of FXIa in human plasma, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the quantification of complexes of FXIa with a1AT, C1Inh, a2AP, and ATIII. We found that 47% of FXIa added to plasma formed complexes with C1Inh, 24.5% with a2AP, 23.5% with a1AT, and 5% with ATIII. The distribution of FXIa between these inhibitors in plasma was independent of whether FXIa was added to plasma, or was activated endogenously by kaolin, celite, or glass. However, in the presence of heparin (1 or 50 U/mL), C1Inh appeared to be the major inhibitor of FXIa, followed by ATIII. Furthermore, at lower temperatures, less FXIa-C1Inh and FXIa-a1AT complexes but more FXIa-a2AP complexes were formed. These data demonstrate that the contribution of the different inhibitors to inactivation of FXIa in plasma may vary, but C1Inh is the principal inhibitor under most conditions. 相似文献
163.
A 35-year-old black man with end-stage renal disease from biopsy-proven focal segmental glomerulosclerosis developed worsening function of his renal allograft 160 days after living related donor renal transplantation. Renal biopsy showed necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis (NCGN) and presence of intraglomerular viral inclusions confirmed by immunocytochemical stain and in situ hybridization techniques to be cytomegaloviral in origin. Electron microscopy showed no immune complexes, and workup for other causes of NCGN was negative. The patient was treated with ganciclovir without other changes in his immunosuppressive regimen. After 8 weeks of ganciclovir therapy, a second renal transplant biopsy showed resolution of the glomerular process and disappearance of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) inclusions. The resolution of the glomerular process with treatment for CMV infection, and without other change in therapy, strongly supports a causative link between CMV and NCGN in this patient. This case represents the first report of CMV-associated NCGN in a renal transplant patient. 相似文献
164.
To evaluate long-term effects of stroke disability on walking, the spatiotemporal gait kinematics of eight hemiplegic subjects were compared with similar measures obtained from the same subjects 10 years earlier. Matched t tests revealed significant differences in stride time and in total and braking double support on the affected side. The ratio of time spent in support on the two lower limbs was also significantly different. Velocity, however, remained unchanged. These findings suggest an accentuated hemiplegic pattern but with quicker, shorter steps indicative of a cautious gait. The latter has been associated with compromised balance in the elderly. 相似文献
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本文介绍一种简化的行之有效的去大鼠大脑方法。与传统方法相比,本法不需结扎颈总动脉或其分支,可简化手术程序,缩短手术时间,避免因手术操作对颈动脉窦区参与呼吸循环功能反射性调节的重要感受器及其传入神经的可能损伤。用此法去大脑后,动物的呼吸频率、心率、动脉血压等可稳定10小时以上,并能成功地进行延髓细胞内记录和标记。本法可用于研究脑干调控功能的急性动物实验。 相似文献
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Robertson RT; Gallardo KA; Claytor KJ; Ha DH; Ku KH; Yu BP; Lauterborn JC; Wiley RG; Yu J; Gall CM; Leslie FM 《Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)》1998,8(2):142-155
The role of basal forebrain-derived cholinergic afferents in the
development of neocortex was studied in postnatal rats. Newborn rat pups
received intraventricular injections of 192 IgG-saporin. Following survival
periods ranging from 2 days to 6 months, the brains were processed to
document the cholinergic lesion and to examine morphological consequences.
Immunocytochemistry for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and in situ
hybridization for ChAT mRNA demonstrate a loss of approximately 75% of the
cholinergic neurons in the medial septum and nucleus of the diagonal band
of Broca in the basal forebrain. In situ hybridization for glutamic acid
decarboxylase mRNA reveals no loss of basal forebrain GABAergic neurons.
Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry demonstrates a marked reduction of the
cholinergic axons in neocortex. Cholinergic axons are reduced throughout
the cortical layers; this reduction is more marked in medial than in
lateral cortical areas. The thickness of neocortex is reduced by
approximately 10%. Retrograde labeling of layer V cortico-collicular
pyramidal cells reveals a reduction in cell body size and also a reduction
in numbers of branches of apical dendrites. Spine densities on apical
dendrites are reduced by approximately 20-25% in 192 IgG- saporin-treated
cases; no change was detected in number of spines on basal dendrites. These
results indicate a developmental or maintenance role for cholinergic
afferents to cerebral cortical neurons.
相似文献