仙荷降脂液对实验性家兔血脂和血流变的影响

目的观察仙荷降脂液对饲料所致高脂血症家兔血脂及血液流变性的影响。方法健康家兔随机分为对照组 (A组 ) ,高脂血症对照组 (B组 )和高脂血症治疗组 (C组 )。A组给予普通饲料 ,B组和C组均给予高脂饲料喂养 ,C组高脂喂养3周后每天加喂仙荷降脂液 ,于实验第0、21、42d分别测定血脂、血液流变学指标。结果C组用药后血清总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三脂 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL -C)均显著低于B组 (P<0.01) ;全血粘度 (10s-1)、血浆粘度、红细胞刚性指数 (REI)、血小板粘附率均明显降低(P<0.01 ,和P<0.05)。结论仙荷降脂液能降低高脂血症家兔血清TC、TG、HDL -C和改善血液流变性。     

Follicular lesion of undetermined significance in thyroid FNA revisited

Controversy exists regarding the validity of follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS), an indeterminate diagnostic category of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC). According to BSRTC, FLUS carries a 5–15% risk of cancer. This study was designed to determine if cytomorphology could stratify FLUS into subgroups with different risks of malignancy. Reports of 127 consecutive FNAs reported as FLUS with subsequent tissue diagnoses were evaluated for the presence of various cytologic features and the results were correlated with histological diagnoses. FLUS cases with focal nuclear atypia (nuclear overlap/crowding, nuclear grooves/membrane irregularities, nuclear enlargement, and/or nuclear pseudoinclusions) were more frequently malignant on excision whereas those with architectural atypia (microfollicles) were more often benign on excision (P < 0.05). The presence of any one or more of these nuclear features increased the risk of carcinoma in subsequent thyroid resection. Papillary carcinomas predominated in excised FLUS cases with focal nuclear atypia whereas most FLUS with architectural atypia were adenomas or hyperplastic nodules on histological evaluation. BSRTC recommends that thyroid aspirates containing follicular cell nuclear and/or architectural atypia insufficient for a diagnosis of suspicious for follicular neoplasm, suspicious for malignancy or malignant be classified as FLUS. Our findings indicate that FLUS cases with focal nuclear atypia carry a risk for malignancy that is substantially higher than that assigned to FLUS and are best classified as suspicious. FLUS cases lacking these atypical nuclear features have a risk for malignancy that approximates the risk BSRTC has assigned to FLUS. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42:18–22. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Role of surface charge and wettability on early stage mineralization and bone cell–materials interactions of polarized hydroxyapatite

Our objective was to determine the role of surface charge and wettability on early stage mineralization as well as bone cell adhesion and proliferation on polarized HAp surface. To estimate the surface wettability, contact angles were measured in water, simulated body fluid (SBF) and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/nutrient mixture F-12 Ham (DMEM). Experimental results show that HAp surface wettability and surface energy can be tailored by inducing surface charge without introducing any volumetric effects in the material. Increasing the surface charge increased the wettability and also the energy of HAp surfaces in all tested media. A maximum surface energy of 49.47 ± 3.76 mJ/m² was estimated for positively charged HAp surfaces polarized at 400 ^oC. The in vitro bioactivity of polarized HAp samples was evaluated by soaking in SBF and DMEM (cell media). Cell–materials interaction was studied by culturing with human fetal osteoblast cells (hFOB). In vitro results show that tailoring the combined effect of wettability and charge polarity on the HAp surface enable differential binding of inorganic ions (e.g., Ca²⁺, Cl^?, Na⁺, HCO₃^? etc) and organic cell adhesive proteins (e.g., fibronectin, vitronectin etc) with different surface properties, which results in accelerated or decelerated mineralization as well as cell adhesion and proliferation on polarized HAp surface.     

Two doses of measles vaccine: are some states in India ready for it?

We present the results of two surveys of measles outbreaks near Vellore, which perhaps supports the cause for introduction of a second dose of measles vaccine. Survey one had 590 under 10-year olds. The attack rate was 15.1, 11.7 and 5.7% in the unimmunized, among those vaccinated at 6 months and at 9 months, respectively. The overall vaccine efficacy (VE) was 28% if vaccinated at 6 months and 66% if at 9 months. Second survey had 1702 children and adolescents. There were 59 cases of measles of which 49 were over 5 years of age, the mean age being 8.8 years. The VE was 66% for children up to 6 years and 48.4% for those aged 7-15. The data suggests that measles vaccine is better given at 9 months. The low VE in school age children could be improved by introducing a second dose of measles vaccine.     

经口机器人手术治疗口咽癌的初步经验北大核心CSCD

目的探讨经口机器人手术(transoral robotic surgery,TORS)治疗口咽癌的肿瘤学及功能学效果,以及该方法的安全性。方法回顾性分析2017年6月1日至2020年12月31日北京和睦家医院行TORS治疗的口咽癌患者26例,其中男性22例,女性4例,年龄39~76岁。T1-2期患者占88.5%(23/26)。收集相关临床病理学及随访资料,记录患者拔除胃管及气管插管的时间,采用SPSS软件包进行生存分析,计算总生存率及无病生存率。结果26例口咽癌患者均接受TORS治疗,无中转开放手术,其中20例行同期颈淋巴清扫术。TORS手术时间为65~360 min,平均215 min。术中出血量5~600 ml,平均70 ml。术后4例患者(15.4%)行气管切开,其中3例术后1个月内拔除气管套管,1例至随访结束未能拔除。12例患者(46.2%)行胃管置入,其中11例术后1个月内拔除胃管,1例患者术后13 d因口咽部出血死亡,死亡时胃管尚未拔除。术后1例患者(3.8%)切缘阳性,余患者切缘阴性。16例患者(61.5%)行术后放疗,其中11例患者(42.3%)进行以铂类为主的同步化疗。中位随访时间21.5个月(0.4~45.0个月)。3年总生存率为83.0%,3年无病生存率为75.8%。结论选择合适的口咽癌患者,TORS可取得良好的肿瘤学及功能学效果,手术并发症较少,治疗安全可行。     

Entomophthoromycosis in South Bengal (Eastern India): a 9 years study

Subcutaneous mycoses caused by the family Entomophthoraceae is very rare type of disease and is being reported sporadically from various Tropical countries including India. Here we report 8 cases of rhinoentomophthoromycosis caused by Conidiobolous coronatus and 7 cases of chronic subcutaneous phycomycosis caused by Basidiobolus ranarum. Cases were detected during a span of 9 years between 1991 to 1999, from 9 districts in and around Kolkata (Eastern India). Former type of lesions were detected among 20 to 65 age group of healthy individuals, predominantly males (7:1). In the latter type, male-female ratio was 2:5, and except for one all cases belonged to below 20 years age group of healthy individuals. Several cases were detected only after examination of repeat biopsy samples. With high degree of clinical suspicion, right approach is needed for laboratory confirmation of diagnosis.     

Secretory products of breast cancer cells upregulate hyaluronan production in a human osteoblast cell line

Hyaluronan (HA) has been implicated in breast cancer progression and metastasis to lymph nodes. Although breast cancer has a strong propensity for metastasis to the bone, the role of HA in the development of bone metastasis in breast cancer is not well delineated. In order to determine the role of HA in breast cancer induced osteolysis, we examined the effect of secretory products in the conditioned medium of breast cancer cell lines on the expression of hyaluronan synthases (HAS), accumulation of HA in pericellular matrix, secretion of HA in the culture media, and on expression of surface HA receptors, in a human immature osteoblast cell line (Hfob). Our results show that conditioned medium derived from breast cancer cells upregulate the expression of hyaluronan synthases, HAS1 and HAS2, followed by significant increase in pericellular and secreted HA in Hfob cells. Our results further demonstrate that both CD44 and receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM) are involved in binding cell surface associated HA on Hfob cells. Analysis of the growth factors in the conditioned medium implicates TGF-β1 in the modulation of HAS1 and HAS2, as well as in the increase in pericellular and secreted HA. This report is the first to show that soluble factors produced by breast cancer cells mediate increase in HA production in osteoblasts.