Extradural dermoid tumours of the posterior fossa

Dermoid tumours in children usually occur in two locations: at the anterior fontanelle and on the occipital squama. An exceptional site of origin for a posterior fossa dermoid cyst is the extradural space. There are only six previous cases of this situation reported in the literature. A series of 103 subscalp and calvarial masses in children were reviewed and three children are reported with extradural dermoids of the posterior fossa, which communicated with the skin through midline occipital dermal sinuses. All three children were seen after the rapid growth or the formation of an abscess in a previously noted occipital subcutaneous mass present since birth. Although computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging showed the dermal sinus and the intracranial tumour, these studies were unable to ascertain the intradural or extradural nature of the tumours, their exact origin only being established at operation. Histopathological study showed preclinical signs of infection in the two patients that had not yet formed an abscess. It is suggested that early neurosurgical treatment of these neoplasms should be done to prevent the development of severe intracranial infection. The previously reported simplicity of surgical removal of occipital extradural dermoids was not confirmed in this series.     

《金匮玉函要略方论疏义》研析

日本人喜多顿直宽所著《金匮玉函要略方论疏义》对《金匮要略》注疏的贡献与价值,在于此书通过文献校勘考证,可能在较大程度上恢复了《金匮要略》原貌。喜多邨氏对《金匮要略》义理的阐发是基于丰厚的医疗实践,故其疏义多有独到实用之处,不论于临床、于文献研究,都颇具参考价值。     

现代化学实验室的建设探索--实验室的改造、实践与探索

本文通过对实验室的改造实践的总结,探索了现代化学实验室建设的关键问题,即通过整合增加实验面积,改善实验环境,系统改造实验设施,综合解决通风处理三废等安全环保问题,为高等教育的发展提供现代化、功能化、人性化高效的实验室系统组合.     

范永升教授诊治系统性红斑狼疮经验

范永升教授认为系统性红斑狼疮的病因病机以肾虚为本,热毒、瘀血为标;在辨病辨证基础上,以解毒祛瘀滋肾为大法并结合西药综合治疗,取得了较好疗效。     

TBL联合CBL在军人积极心理学教学中的应用

目的探讨以团队为基础的教学(team-based learning,TBL)联合以案例为基础的教学(case-based learning,CBL)在军人积极心理学教学中的应用效果。方法选取陆军军医大学校2017级临床医学专业100名本科生作为教学对象,随机分为TBL联合CBL教学组(n=50)和传统教学组(n=50)。通过基础理论知识及案例分析考核、问卷调查和心理测评等方式评估两种教学方法的教学效果。运用SPSS 19.0对结果进行t检验。结果TBL联合CBL教学组在理论知识得分(54.87±4.98)高于传统教学组(48.65±3.51);案例分析考核得分(36.84±2.73)也高于传统教学组(32.37±2.34);在心理测评结果中,TBL联合CBL教学组在SCL-90后测得分(143.31±43.62)低于传统教学组(149.89±46.96);ERC、GWB后测得分(48.76±5.37)、(107.87±15.56)均高于传统教学组(43.58±5.79)、(102.32±12.13)。此外,TBL联合CBL教学组学生对该教学满意率达95.83%(46/50)。结论TBL联合CBL教学在军人积极心理学教学中能取得良好的教学效果,提高学员的知识应用水平和心理调适能力,具有较好的可行性和适用性。     

Anti‐fibrotic and Anti‐tumorigenic Effects of Rhein,a Natural Anthraquinone Derivative,in Mammalian Stellate and Carcinoma Cells

Anthraquinone compounds have been recognized to possess antiinflammatory, anti‐fibrotic and anti‐tumour properties and thus applied in human and veterinary therapeutics as active substances of medicinal products. Amongst the anthraquinones isolated from Rheum palmatum, also known as da‐huang, rhein was detected as one of the highest metabolite contents in the bloodstream of mammals. The biological activities of rhein therefore deserve detailed investigation. In this study, we aimed to delineate the mechanism of inhibitory actions of rhein on fibrotic and tumorigenic processes by means of various biochemical assays, such as immunofluorescent staining, real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting analyses in rat pancreatic stellate cells (LTC‐14), human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells (PANC‐1) and human colon carcinoma cells (SW480 and SW620). Our results demonstrated that the application of rhein notably suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of various fibrotic and tumorigenic mediators including alpha‐smooth muscle actin, type I collagen, fibronectin, N‐cadherin and matrix metalloproteinases in the testing mammalian cells. The mechanism of the suppressive actions of rhein was associated with the modulation of the sonic hedgehog and serine‐threonine kinase signalling pathways. In conclusion, we suggest that rhein may serve as a therapeutic or an adjuvant agent in anti‐fibrotic and anti‐tumorigenic approaches. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

旱莲草中总黄酮和鞣质的超声提取与含量测定

目的：从旱莲草中提取总黄酮和鞣质，并测定其含量。方法：运用超声技术提取旱莲草总黄酮和鞣质，用比色法测定总黄酮含量，配位滴定法测定鞣质的含量。结果：测得旱莲草中总黄酮含量为0．704％，平均回收率为100．3％，相对标准偏差（RSD）为1．77％（n=5）；鞣质含量为4．82％，相对标准偏差（RSD）为0．939％（n=3）。结论：运用超声技术从旱莲草中提取总黄酮和鞣质，反应速度加快，提高了提取效率。     

平消胶囊联合龙血竭胶囊治疗结节性甲状腺肿

目的：评价平消胶囊联合龙血竭胶囊治疗结节性甲状腺肿的临床疗效。方法收集2013年5月－2014年1月江苏省中医院门诊结节性甲状腺肿患者100例,按完全随机分原则分为2组各50例。除低碘饮食外,治疗组予平消胶囊（1.15 g,3次/d）及龙血竭胶囊（1.2 g,3次/d）,对照组予左甲状腺素,共3个月。检测治疗前后甲状腺结节最大直径和甲状腺功能。结果治疗组1例、对照组3例失访。治疗组甲状腺结节最大直径较治疗前显著缩小[(1.49±0.69)cm比(2.14±0.87)cm;t＝4.113,P＝0.000],对照组则与治疗前无显著差异[(1.94±1.15)cm 比(2.21±1.03)cm;t＝1.220,P＝0.226]。治疗组[(0.83±0.11)ng/dl比(0.77±0.15)ng/dl;t＝2.266,P＝0.026]和对照组[(0.78±0.16)ng/dl比(0.64±0.23)ng/dl;t＝3.459, P＝0.001]游离甲状腺素水平均较治疗前显著增高,但治疗组增高更显著（P＜0.01）;对照组促甲状腺素水平较治疗前显著下降[(1.44±1.59)U/ml比(2.28±0.92)U/ml;t＝3.208,P＝0.002],但治疗组较治疗前无显著差异[(1.98±1.09)U/ml比(2.31±0.87)U/ml;t＝1.667,P＝0.099]。治疗组[(3.31±0.29)pg/ml比(3.27±0.31)pg/ml;t＝0.663,P＝0.509]和对照组[(3.39±0.13)pg/ml 比(3.44±0.16)pg/ml;t＝1.694,P＝0.094]游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸水平均较治疗无显著差异。治疗后,治疗组总有效率为83.7%（41/49）,对照组为63.8%（30/47）,2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2＝3.929,P＝0.048）。结论平消胶囊联合龙血竭胶囊可缩小甲状腺结节。     

推拿手法对高血压患者血压及血压变异性的影响(英文)

目的:观察推拿手法对高血压患者的血压及血压变异性的影响。方法:选取高血压患者40例,将其随机分为观察组和药物组,每组20例。观察组在常规药物治疗基础上予以"益肾活血通脉"推拿手法治疗,药物组仅采用与观察组相同的常规药物治疗。分别于治疗前及治疗3个月后行24-hour动态血压监测,比较两组患者血压及血压变异性的变化。结果:治疗前两组患者的血压及血压变异系数组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗3个月后,两组患者血压及血压变异系数均较本组治疗前显著改善(P<0.05);观察组改善情况优于对照组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:"益肾活血通脉"推拿手法结合常规药物对高血压患者的血压及血压变异性改善情况优于单纯常规药物治疗,且操作方便,无毒副作用,适宜临床推广应用。     

老龙皮多糖的研究

老龙皮经热水提取,乙醇沉淀及进一步精制得LOK(Lobaria kurokauae)多糖,经SephadexG-75柱层析为一组均一多糖,糖含量为82.4％。气相色谱分析含有鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖。其克分子比为1.00:1.34:1.12:10.13:6.99:6.47。经Sephadex G-200柱层析测定,平均分子量为1.5×10~4。经高碘酸氧化,Smith降解,有甲酸、丙三醇、丁四醇生成,红外光谱在842cm~(-1)有吸收,说明LOK多糖结构主要以α(1→4)、a(1→6)苷键连接而成的杂多糖。