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排序方式: 共有594条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
591.
Shore JH Beals J Orton H Buchwald D;AI-SUPERPFP Team 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》2006,30(4):649-655
BACKGROUND: The objective was to examine the association of self-reported Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV edition alcohol abuse and dependence with medical conditions among American Indians (AIs). METHODS: We analyzed data previously collected in a large epidemiological study of members of 2 culturally distinct AI tribes from the Southwest (SW; n = 1,446) and the Northern Plains (NP; n = 1,638) living on or near their reservations. Associations of combined self-reported alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence with 19 medical conditions were examined through multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: Medical conditions that had significant relationships with alcohol abuse/dependence were sprains and strains [odds ratio (OR) 2.04, p < 0.001], hearing and vision problems (OR 2.05, p < 0.001), kidney and bladder problems (OR 1.55, p < 0.01), head injuries (OR 2.20, p < 0.001), pneumonia/tuberculosis (OR 1.49, p < 0.01), dental problems (OR 1.89, p < 0.001), and liver problems/pancreatitis (OR 2.18, p < 0.001). The total count of medical conditions was also significantly related to alcohol abuse/dependence, with a higher count being associated with the outcome (OR 1.17, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In this community-based study of rural AIs, diverse medical conditions were associated with alcohol abuse and dependence. Further research should examine, and confirm, the nature, extent, and tribal variation of the medical consequences of alcohol abuse and dependence in these unique populations. 相似文献
592.
593.
Emily TC Tan Aveen Kadhum Marieke AJ Telleman Annemieke Treur Janna Bruijning Sjoukje E Loudon 《Ophthalmic & physiological optics》2023,43(4):649-659
Purpose
To explore parents' experiences, preferences and information needs when either patching treatment or dichoptic action video gaming is used as an amblyopia treatment for their child.Methods
A qualitative study was carried out on parents whose newly diagnosed amblyopic children participated in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effects of dichoptic action video gaming versus patching. A purposive heterogenic sample was selected for an additional interview after the study period. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with one or both parents and transcribed verbatim, and a thematic analysis was performed.Results
Ten families agreed to participate: seven in the patching group and three in the gaming group. Two themes emerged from the data exploring experiences with treatment: (1) factors influencing compliance and (2) burden with treatment. Parents reported creating a routine which improved compliance with patching, as opposed to gaming where parents felt less need to conduct the treatment themselves as it was performed in the outpatient clinic. In both groups, parents experienced an information hiatus regarding the role of refractive error. In deciding the type of treatment to be used, parents preferred to deliberate the choice with the healthcare professional and discuss considerations resulting in shared decisions. The emerging themes were (1) effect and efficiency of treatment, (2) organisational aspects of treatments and (3) their child's traits.Conclusion
This study provides insight into the experiences of parents whose children underwent different types of amblyopia therapy. Both treatments have their own advantages and disadvantages. For parents, the effectiveness and efficiency of treatment were the most important aspects when deciding the method of management. Parents wish to come to a well-informed, shared decision regarding the type of amblyopia treatment. 相似文献594.
Tim Heise MD Jenny Chien PhD John M. Beals PhD Charles Benson MD Oliver Klein MD Julie S. Moyers PhD Axel Haupt MD Edward John Pratt MD 《Diabetes, obesity & metabolism》2023,25(4):1080-1090