A20 (TNFAIP3) genetic alterations in EBV-associated AIDS-related lymphoma

A20, a negative regulator of NF-κB, has been implicated as a tumor suppressor gene in multiple types of B-cell lymphoma. AIDS-related lymphomas (ARLs) are high-grade B-cell lymphomas that are frequently associated with EBV infection. We examined a panel of ARLs for A20 alterations. FISH showed A20 deletion in 6 of 33 cases (18%). A20 mutations were found in 3 of 19 cases (16%), including 2 cases with deletions of the comple-mentary allele. Immunohistochemistry showed the absence of A20 protein in 7 of 55 samples (13%). In contrast to reports in Hodgkin lymphoma in which EBV infection and A20 alteration are mutually exclusive, A20 inactivation was observed in both EBV(+) and EBV(-) cases. The EBV latent membrane protein 1, which activates NF-κB, was not expressed in 12 of 13 cases with A20 loss. In ARLs loss of A20 may be an alternative mechanism of NF-κB activation in the absence of latent membrane protein 1 expression.     

枳■子黄酮类成分研究

从北枳（ＨｏｖｅｎｉａｄｕｌｃｉｓＴｈｕｎｂ）种子中首次分离并鉴定了４个黄酮类化合物，即双氢山奈酚（ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｋａｅｍｐｆｅｒｏｌＩ）、槲皮素（ｑｕｅｒｃｅｔｉｎＩＩ）、（＋）３，３′，５′，５，７五羟基双氢黄酮［（＋）３，３′，５′，５，７ｐｅｎｔａｈｙｄｒｏｆｌａｖａｎｏｎｅＩＩ］和（＋）双氢杨梅黄素［（＋）ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｍｙｒｉｃｅｔｉｎＩＶ］。其中ＩＩ为新化合物，Ｉ和ＩＶ为首次从该属植物中分到。     

鼓槌石斛化学成分的研究

自中药鼓槌石斛(Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl.)茎中分离到5个化合物,经光谱(UV,IR,MS,¹HNMR,DIFNOE和¹³CNMR)分析,分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(I)、鼓槌菲(chrysotoxene,II)、毛兰素(erianin,III)、毛兰菲(confusarin,IV)和鼓槌联苄(chrysotobibenzyl,V)。II是新化合物,V是新天然产物。     

Approach to seizures in the neonatal period: a European perspective

In the neonatal period, seizures rank among the most common neurological symptoms, often indicating an underlying serious neurological condition. It is remarkable that although new tools have been incorporated into the diagnosis of neonatal seizures, there is no consensus about the therapeutic approach among different doctors and institutions. Hence, although phenobarbital is still considered the initial drug of choice, the protocols reported in the literature show a great variability in the approach to treatment of refractory seizures. We used a questionnaire to gain information regarding the treatment of seizures in the neonatal period in different European institutions. Conclusion: We conclude that phenobarbital is still the initial drug of choice followed by benzodiazepines, except in preterm infants with a birth weight below 1800 g. In refractory seizures, the use of continuous lidocaine infusion is most common. Of note, clinical studies with newer drugs have been mostly performed in the United States but not in Europe.