Association of KCNJ11 and ABCC8 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Kinh Vietnamese population

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a genetically influenced disease, but few studies have been performed to investigate the genetic basis of T2DM in Vietnamese subjects. Thus, the potential associations of KCNJ11 and ABCC8 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with T2DM were investigated in a Kinh Vietnamese population. A cross-sectional study consisting of 404 subjects including 202 T2DM cases and 202 non-T2DM controls was designed to examine the potential associations of 4 KCNJ11 and ABCC8 SNPs (rs5219, rs2285676, rs1799859, and rs757110) with T2DM. Genotypes were identified based on restriction fragment length polymorphism and tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction. After statistically adjusting for age, sex, and BMI, rs5219 was found to be associated with an increased risk of T2DM under 2 inheritance models: codominant (OR = 2.15, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.09–4.22) and recessive (OR = 2.08, 95%CI = 1.09–3.94). On the other hand, rs2285676, rs1799859, and rs757110 were not associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Haplotype analysis elucidated a strong linkage disequilibrium between the 3 SNPs, rs5219, rs2285676, and rs757110. The haplotype rs5219(A)/rs2285676(T)/rs757110(G) was associated with an increased risk of T2DM (OR = 1.42, 95%CI = 1.01–1.99). The results show that rs5219 is a lead candidate SNP associated with an increased risk of developing T2DM in the Kinh Vietnamese population. Further functional characterization is needed to uncover the mechanism underlying the potential genotype-phenotype associations.     

Development and Visualization Improvement for the Rapid Detection of Decapod Iridescent Virus 1 (DIV1) in Penaeus vannamei Based on an Isothermal Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay

Viral diseases have seriously restricted the healthy development of aquaculture, and decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) has led to heavy losses in the global shrimp aquaculture industry. Due to the lack of effective treatment, early detection and regular monitoring are the most effective ways to avoid infection with DIV1. In this study, a novel real-time quantitative recombinase polymerase amplification (qRPA) assay and its instrument-free visualization improvement were described for the rapid detection of DIV1. Optimum primer pairs, suitable reaction temperatures, and probe concentrations of a DIV1-qRPA assay were screened to determine optimal reaction conditions. Then, its ability to detect DIV1 was evaluated and compared with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qPCRs). The sensitivity tests demonstrated that the limit of detection (LOD) of the DIV1-qRPA assay was 1.0 copies μL⁻¹. Additionally, the presentation of the detection results was improved with SYBR Green I, and the LOD of the DIV1-RPA-SYBR Green I assay was 1.0 × 10³ copies μL⁻¹. Both the DIV1-qRPA and DIV1-RPA-SYBR Green I assays could be performed at 42 °C within 20 min and without cross-reactivity with the following: white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), Vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (V_pAHPND), Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). In conclusion, this approach yields rapid, straightforward, and simple DIV1 diagnoses, making it potentially valuable as a reliable tool for the detection and prevention of DIV1, especially where there is a paucity of laboratory equipment.     

慢性心力衰竭患者血脂、血浆NT-ProBNP、CTnI和hs-CRP水平测定的临床分析

目的 测定慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者的血脂、血浆N氨基末端脑钠肽前体（NT-ProBNP）、心肌肌钙蛋白I（CTnI）和高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平并进行临床分析。 方法 采用生化法、荧光免疫分析法和放射免疫分析法测定165例CHF患者和60名正常对照者的血脂和血浆NT-ProBNP、CTnI和hs-CRP水平,并进行比较性分析。 结果 165例CHF患者血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平较60名正常对照者明显降低（TC：tⅡ=2.214,P＜0.05;tⅢ=2.873,P＜0.01;tⅣ=3.146;P＜0.01;TG：tⅡ=2.167,P＜0.05;tⅢ=2.863,P＜0.01;tⅣ=3.063,P＜0.01;LDL-C：tⅡ=2.147,P＜0.05;tⅢ=2.056,P＜0.05;tⅣ=2.184,P＜0.05;HDL-C：tⅡ=2.137,P＜0.05;tⅢ=2.256,P＜0.05;tⅣ=3.148,P＜0.01）。在生物标志物的测定中,165例CHF患者的血浆NT-ProBNP、CTnI和hs-CRP水平与正常对照者之间的差异有统计学意义（NT-proBNP：tⅡ=2.096,P＞0.05;tⅢ=2.813,P＜0.01;tⅣ＝4.135,P＜0.001;CTnI：tⅡ=2.736,P＜0.01;tⅢ=2.962,P＜0.01;tⅣ=3.816,P＜0.001;hs-CRP：tⅡ＝2.103,P＜0.05;tⅢ＝2.956,P＜0.01;tⅣ＝4.452,P＜0.001）,而且随左心室射血功能（LVEF）的降低而逐步升高。 结论 CHF患者血脂水平（TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C）随LVEF的降低而降低,具有血脂代谢紊乱的现象;血浆生物标志物水平（NT-ProBNP、CTnI和hs-CRP）随LVEF的降低而升高。     

肝移植术后肠道菌群失调的诊疗策略

肝移植术后会发生多种近期以及远期并发症。在术后早期,由于多重耐药菌的产生很容易导致各种感染,其中之一表现为肠道菌群失调。在过去的十年中,一系列研究发现肠道菌群在维持肠道稳态方面具有重要功能。肠道菌群通过多种途径与其他器官相互影响,其中肠肝轴是最关键的体内微环境调节通道之一。肠道菌群在数量和成分上的改变均能导致肠道菌群失调。无论在局部还是全身系统,肠道菌群与免疫系统都存在广泛的交互作用。本文着重探讨肝移植术后肠道菌群失调发生的危险因素、肠道菌群失调对肝移植受者的影响以及相关的治疗方案。     

卡托普利防治腹主动脉狭窄性高血压大鼠心肌肥厚的形态定量研究

方法选用腹主动脉狭窄的大鼠实验性心肌肥厚模型,采用光镜、电镜形态计量手段,定量观察了血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂卡托普利防治心肌肥厚的作用,并比较了倍他乐克对心肌肥厚的作用。结果卡托普利组大鼠的全心／体重比、心肌组织／间质比、心肌细胞横径及心肌细胞线粒体体密度与对照组类似（p＞0．05）,明显不同于心肌肥厚组（p＜0．05）,而倍他乐克组上述多指标与心肌肥厚组相似（p＞0．05）。本实验表明卡托普利通过保护心肌细胞及间质而使心肌组织免遭损伤因素刺激发生肥厚的作用,即对大鼠高血压性。心肌肥厚具有良好的防治作用。     

Comparison of glucose time in range and area under curve in range in relation to risk of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes patients

Aims/introductionWe proposed a novel continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)‐based metric, area under the curve in range (AucIR), for integrating both the amplitude and duration of dysglycemia, and further compared AucIR with the emerging key CGM‐derived metric, time in range (TIR).Materials and methodsA total of 2,030 adult patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled during May 2020 to October 2021. AucIR and TIR were measured with 7‐day CGM data. Logistic regression analysis and the C‐statistic was carried out to assess the association of AucIR and TIR with diabetic retinopathy (DR).ResultsBoth AucIR (r = −0.89) and TIR (r = −0.95) were strongly correlated with mean glucose levels. Compared with TIR, AucIR showed a tighter relationship with parameters of glycemic variability, including the coefficient of variation (r = −0.56), standard deviation (r = −0.89) and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (r = −0.70). For each absolute 10% decrease in AucIR, the risk of DR was increased by 7% (95% confidence interval 1.02–1.13) after adjustment for confounders. With respect to TIR, each absolute 10% decrease was associated with an 8% (95% confidence interval 1.03–1.14) increased risk of DR. The model discrimination for DR, as measured by C‐statistic, did not differ significantly between the two metrics (P > 0.05).ConclusionsAucIR did not provide added benefit over TIR in the assessment of DR risk among patients with type 2 diabetes. The potential value of AucIR needs to be explored in future studies.     

运动疲劳导致大鼠焦虑并伴有海马CA1区θ节律活动增强

目的:研究运动疲劳对大鼠焦虑情绪的影响,观测海马CA1区场电位θ节律震荡的变化,揭示运动疲劳引发不良情绪效应的可能神经电生理机制.方法:雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组(control)和运动疲劳组(exercise training,ET),采用反复7d力竭跑台训练方式建立疲劳模型.行为学实验采用高架十字迷宫观察大...     

包虫病病原在我国的流行现状及成因分析

目的分析青海省甘德县2017—2019年包虫病的筛查情况及治疗效果,为当地包虫病进一步的防治工作提供依据。方法收集青海省甘德县2017—2019年包虫病筛查登记、包虫病临床治疗记录、包虫病患者社区管理记录等资料,统计分析筛查阳性率及治疗效果等。结果2017—2019年青海省甘德县包虫病筛查阳性率逐年降低,不同乡镇间包虫病筛查阳性率有差异。2017年上贡麻乡筛查阳性率最高,达2.719%,2018、2019年各乡镇包虫病筛查阳性率都控制在1%以下。2017—2019年甘德县包虫病治疗人数逐年减少,治疗死亡或无效病例也在减少,至2019年全县仅有1例死亡或无效病例。结论青海省甘德县包虫病筛查和治疗工作稳步推进,下阶段应重点关注漏检、漏治人群。