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Mario Perez-Reyes MD Robert E. Hicks PhD Jean Bumberry BS A. Robert Jeffcoat PhD C. Edgar Cook PhD 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》1988,12(2):268-276
This is a report of the results of a placebo-controlled study in which the effects of the interaction between ethanol and marihuana on drug plasma concentrations, subjective ratings of intoxication, heart rate acceleration, and psychomotor performance were investigated. Six healthy, male, paid volunteers, moderate users of ethanol and marihuana, participated in the study. Ethanol (0.42 g/kg, 0.85 g/kg, or placebo) was administered over a 30-min interval. Fifteen minutes later the subjects smoked, in their customary manner, NIDA cigarettes containing 2.4% or 0.0004% (placebo) delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Each subject was tested in a single-blind, latin-square crossover design with the following six conditions: placebo ethanol/placebo marihuana; low dose ethanol/placebo marihuana; high dose ethanol/placebo marihuana; placebo ethanol/marihuana; low dose ethanol/marihuana; and high dose ethanol/marihuana. The variables measured in the study were: (a) subjective rating of ethanol and/or marihuana intoxication; (b) heart rate; (c) accuracy and latency of response in the Simulator Evaluation of Drug Impairment (SEDI) task; (d) blood ethanol concentration by gas chromatography; and (e) plasma concentration of THC by radioimmunoassay. The results indicate that the decrements due to ethanol in performance of skills necessary to drive an automobile were significantly enhanced by marihuana in an additive and perhaps synergistic manner. The administration of ethanol prior to marihuana smoking did not produce significant effects on the subjective rating of "high," heart rate acceleration, or THC plasma concentration. 相似文献
126.
The computerized database system described was initially developed in 1986 to facilitate analysis of retrospective head and neck cancer data from the Royal Adelaide Hospital Department of Otolaryngology. This has now been expanded to become an on-going patient information management system. It is based on the dBase-III-Plus database package and is implemented on an IBM XT compatible computer. The system was designed to be used by staff without specialist computer skills and is therefore largely “menu-driven.” The main functions include patient record creation, update, and retrieval, and the production of reports including graphical presentations. There is also a powerful but easy to use query facility. The system has already provided much useful epidemiological material but is now beginning to fulfill an even more important role in patient follow-up and in assisting evaluation of alternative treatment protocols. 相似文献
127.
Relative carriage rates of nuclear dehydrogenating clostridia in two populations of different colorectal cancer risk
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Carriage of nuclear dehydrogenating clostridia has been associated with colon cancer and implicated in its aetiology. This study has compared the carriage of these organisms in a British population at high risk for the development of colon cancer with a low risk Nigerian population. Clostridia were found in all of the stools from both populations. Nuclear dehydrogenating clostridia were only found in the stools of the British subjects (32%). These results support the suggestion that the carriage rate of nuclear dehydrogenating clostridia in a population is related to the risk of colon cancer. 相似文献
128.
Progress in the autosomal segmental aneusomy syndromes (SASs): single or multi-locus disorders? 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
Based on cytogenetic observations, several syndromes have been previously
identified as microdeletion-based disorders. In this review, recent
progress is presented regarding whether one or multiple genes can be
implicated in the pathogenesis of these segmentally aneusomic syndromes.
The syndromes discussed include Angelman, Alagille, Williams,
Langer-Giedeon, Prader-Willi, Smith-Magenis, Miller-Dieker, and
DiGeorge/velocardiofacial or the 22q11 deletion syndromes. For Angelman and
Alagille syndromes, single genes have been identified, whereas for Williams
and Langer-Giedion syndromes, more than one gene can be implicated.
Although there has been significant progress in dissecting the molecular
basis for the other disorders, the ultimate answer regarding one versus
several genes remains to be determined.
相似文献
129.
Diane J. Pincus MD Teresa R. Humeston BS Richard J. Martin MD 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》1997,100(6):771-774
Background: Chronotherapy studies with inhaled corticosteroids have shown optimal therapeutic benefit when steroids are administered four times per day (QID) or once daily at 3 PM.Objective: This study evaluated whether more convenient once-daily dosage times (8 AM and 5:30 PM) produce improvement in asthma equivalent to QID.Methods: Efficacy outcome measures included FEV1, peak expiratory flow rates, bronchial responsiveness, use of β2-agonists, nocturnal awakenings, and responses to a quality of life questionnaire. Systemic effects were blood eosinophil count, cortisol level, 24-hour urinary cortisol, and evaluation for oral candidiasis and dysphonia.Results: Baseline measurements for all three treatment groups were similar. For morning peak expiratory flow rate, significant improvement was seen for the QID group (p = 0.001) and the 5:30 PM group (p = 0.003), but not the 8 AM group (p = 0.75). For evening peak expiratory flow rate, significant improvement was seen for the QID group (p = 0.005) and the 5:30 PM group (p = 0.01), but not for the 8 AM group (p = 0.47). There were significant improvements in all other outcome variables for each group except PC20. There was a significant improvement in PC20 only in the QID group. The systemic effects of the three regimens were comparable.Conclusion: Dosing of inhaled steroid at 5:30 PM had no increased systemic effects and produced efficacy similar to QID dosing. Dosing at 8 AM did not produce results consistently comparable to QID dosing. Optimal once-daily dosing of inhaled steroid is between 3 PM and 5:30 PM. 相似文献
130.
Mark J. Roth MD L.Jeffrey Medeiros MD Sudesh Kapur MD Leonard H. Wexler MD Sharon Mims BS Marc E. Horowitz MD Maria Tsokos MD 《Human pathology》1993,24(12)
We describe an infant girl, born with a pigmented giant nevus, who developed a malignant schwannoma in the retroperitoneum at 16 months of age. At birth the nevus covered over 50% of her body and histologically was a compound nevus with extension into the deep dermis surrounding dermal appendages. The malignant schwannoma was biphasic with areas composed of spindle and round cells. Ultrastructurally, the majority of the tumor cells exhibited a Schwann cell phenotype, but neuroepithelial and melanocytic cells were identified as well. We believe that this constellation of findings represents a form of neurocristopathy. Neurocristopathy, as defined by Bolande (Hum Pathol 5:409–429, 1974), is a disease that results from aberrations in the migration, growth, or cytodifferentiation of neural crest tissues. These diseases may be simple (a singular pathologic process, usually localized) or complex (multiple neuroectodermal lesions). We report this case because the occurrence of retroperitoneal malignant schwannoma arising in a 16-month-old infant born with a pigmented giant nevus is unique, and may represent a previously undescribed form of a complex neurocristopathy. 相似文献