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Chang Seok Lee Yung Hyup Joo Heung Soo Baek Miyoung Park Jeong‐Hwan Kim Hong‐Ju Shin Nok‐Hyun Park John Hwan Lee Young‐Ho Park Song Seok Shin Hae‐Kwang Lee 《Experimental dermatology》2016,25(1):44-49
Numerous medications are used to treat hyperpigmentation. However, several reports have indicated that repeated application of some agents, such as rhododendrol (RD), raspberry ketone (RK) and monobenzone (MB), can be toxic to melanocytes. Although these agents had severe side effects in human trials, no current in vitro methods can predict the safety of such drugs. This study assessed the in vitro effects of five depigmentary compounds including leukoderma‐inducing agents. In particular, we determined the effects of different concentrations and exposure times of different depigmentary agents on cell viability and melanogenesis in the presence and absence of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. Concentrations of RD, RK and MB that inhibit melanogenesis are similar to concentrations that are cytotoxic; however, concentrations of rucinol (RC) and AP736 that inhibit melanogenesis are much lower than concentrations that are cytotoxic. Furthermore, the concentrations that cause toxic effects depend on exposure duration, and prolonged exposure to RD, RK and MB had more cytotoxic effects than prolonged exposure to RC and AP736. The cytotoxic effects of RD and RK appear to be mediated by apoptosis due to increased expression of caspase‐3 and caspase‐8; UVB radiation increased the cytotoxicity of these agents and also increased caspase activity. Our results indicate that different leukoderma‐inducing compounds have different effects on the viability of normal epidermal melanocytes and suggest that the in vitro assay used here can be used to predict whether an investigational compound that induces leukoderma may lead to adverse effects in human trials. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between weight status and recreational drug use in Korean adolescents.
A total of 72,399 adolescent students (38,152 boys and 34,247 girls) from the middle first to high third grade participated
in the 5th Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web-based Survey (KYRBWS-V) project in 2009. They were assessed for body mass index (BMI) and
recreational drug abuse. The associations between BMI and recreational drug use were examined using multivariable logistic
regression analysis after adjusting for the covariate variables of age, smoking frequency and cigarette consumption, frequency
of alcohol consumption and severe alcohol intoxication, amount of alcohol consumed, parents’ education level, economic status,
sedentary activities during the week, mental stress, sleep duration, frequency of vigorous and moderate physical activities,
and muscular strength exercises during the week. For boys, the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) between overweight
and drug use were 0.990 (0.723–1.356; p = 0.950) for almost none, 0.939 (0.521–1.693; p = 0.834) for past use, and 0.791 (0.385–1.624;
p = 0.523) for present use. The OR (95% CI) between obesity and drug use was 0.731(0.508–1.052; p = 0.091) for almost none,
0.755 (0.389–1.465; p = 0.407) for past use, and 0.701 (0.314–1.565; p = 0.386) for present use. For girls, the OR (95% CI)
between overweight and drug use was 1.112 (0.702–1.763; p = 0.650) for almost none, 1.103 (0.464–2.619; p = 0.825) for past
use, and 0.927 (0.267–3.218; p = 0.905) for present use. The OR (95% CI) between obesity and drug abuse was 0.594 (0.261–1.352;
p = 0.215) for almost none, 1.318 (0.462–3.764; p = 606) for past use, and <0.001(<0.001–<0.001; p = 0.998) for present use.
We concluded that recreational drug use had no correlation with overweight and obesity in Korean adolescents. 相似文献
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Ji Hye Baek Hei Sung Kim Young Min Park Hyung Ok Kim Baik Kee Cho Jun Young Lee 《ANNALS OF DERMATOLOGY》2014,26(3):374-376
Pterygium inversum unguis (PIU) is a rare nail abnormality in which the distal nail bed adheres to the ventral surface of the nail plate, with obliteration of the distal groove. Because of the rarity of this condition, its exact origin is unknown. This disorder can be either congenital or acquired, with or without a family history. The acquired forms may be idiopathic or secondary to systemic connective tissue diseases or other causes such as stroke, neurofibromatosis, leprosy, or the use of nail fortifiers. We present an unusual case of acquired idiopathic PIU of the 10 fingernails in a 22-year-old man. 相似文献
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Min-Ho Nam Miok Baek Sehee Lee Joohwan Yoon Jungdae Kim 《Connective tissue research》2014,55(2):147-155
It is very well known that spinal meninges are composed of three layers, dura, arachnoid and pia mater, and that the main components of pia mater are collagen and reticular fibers. However, the distribution of those fibers has not been extensively investigated but just described as a mesh of fibers. In this study, we detected novel structures, which are composed of unidirectionally arranged fibers, in a rat spinal pia mater by using a polarized light microscope. They were seen as three parallel lines, one of which ran along a posterior spinal vein and the rest two of which ran along a pair of posterior spinal arteries. Histological analysis including Masson’s trichrome, picrosirius-red staining, Gordon & Sweet’s staining and immunohistochemistry with anti-collagen type 1 and 3 antibodies uncovered that they are mainly composed of collagen fibers and some reticular fibers. In addition, a putative primo vessel was detected in the novel fibrous tissue, which was proven out to be different from a blood vessel. In conclusion, we report a newly detected fibrous structure in the spinal pia mater, which may contribute to provide tensile force to the spinal meninges and to harbor the primo vascular system inside. 相似文献
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