Esophageal strictures in children: treatment by serial balloon catheter dilatation

Grüntzig balloon catheters were used to dilate ten esophageal strictures in eight infants and children. Five infants who had anastomotic strictures following esophageal atresia repair gained complete resolution of their strictures, usually after one or two dilatations. Three older children who had strictures following esophageal re-operation or reconstruction required longer courses of dilatations to achieve consistent esophageal patency. The technique failed in two chronic strictures of two and one-half and nine years' duration. Balloon catheter dilatation, begun in the early postoperative period, is a safe, effective method for dilating esophageal strictures.     

The effect of different calcium antagonists and a calcium agonist on the metabolism of propranolol by isolated rat hepatocytes

Summary— The influence of the dihydropyridine calcium entry blockers nicardipine, amlodipine, nifedipine, isradipine and of the dihydropyridine calcium entry promotor BAY K 8644 on the disappearance rate of propranolol by isolated rat hepatocytes was compared to the effect of diltiazem and verapamil, two non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers and known inhibitors of hepatic cytochrome P450 mixed function oxidases. All compounds dose-dependently inhibited the disappearance rate of propranolol. Nicardipine and isradipine were more potent in inhibiting the disappearance rate of propranolol than the other dihydropyridines and than diltiazem and verapamil. The inhibitory effect of nicardipine on the disappearance rate of propranolol was not stereoselective and was not influenced by age.     

硝酸异山梨醇透皮给药系统的研制

硝酸异山梨醇透皮给药系统(ISDN—TDS)由背衬层、药库、乙烯—醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)控释膜、压敏胶及防粘层组成。采用Keshary—Chien体外释药装置,研究了药库组分、基质溶剂、控释膜、压敏胶粘度及透皮给药促进剂氮酮等对药物释放的影响。以释异丁烯、矿物油、EVA控释膜为主要材料制成的ISDN—TDS体外能持续释药72h,0～48h药物按零级动力学经皮透过。平均释药速率为13.76μg·h^-1/cm²,而国外类似产品Frandol tape-s按Higuchi模型释药仅24h。