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Jørgensen KK Lindström L Cvancarova M Castedal M Friman S Schrumpf E Foss A Isoniemi H Nordin A Holte K Rasmussen A Bergquist A Vatn MH Boberg KM 《Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology》2012,(47):1021-1029
Abstract Objective. Several studies have implicated primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) as an additional risk factor for colorectal neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Some reports have indicated that the risk is even higher in PSC-IBD patients after liver transplantation (Ltx), but this issue is controversial. We aimed to compare the risk of colorectal neoplasia in PSC-IBD patients before and after Ltx and to identify risk factors for colorectal neoplasia post-transplant. Material and methods. In a multicenter study within the Nordic Liver Transplant Group, we assessed the risk of colorectal neoplasia by using the competing risk regression analysis. Results. Among the 439 PSC patients included, 353 (80%) had IBD at the time of Ltx and 15 (3%) patients developed de novo IBD post-Ltx. The median duration of IBD was 15 (0-50) years at the time of Ltx and follow-up after Ltx was 5 (0-20) years. Ninety-one (25%) PSC-IBD patients developed colorectal neoplasia. The cumulative risk of colorectal neoplasia was higher after than before Ltx (HR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.9, p = 0.002). A multivariate analysis demonstrated aminosalicylates and ursodeoxycholic acid as significantly associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia post-Ltx. Duration and activity of IBD did not significantly affect the risk of neoplasia. Conclusion. The even higher risk of colorectal neoplasia in PSC-IBD patients after when compared with that of before Ltx underscores the importance of regular surveillance colonoscopies post-Ltx. The association of aminosalicylates and ursodeoxycholic acid to the development of colorectal neoplasia after Ltx should be further investigated. 相似文献
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Seydel LS Petelski A van Dam GJ van der Kleij D Kruize-Hoeksma YC Luty AJ Yazdanbakhsh M Kremsner PG 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2012,86(4):613-619
This study investigated in utero priming as a consequence of maternal parasitic infections. Cord blood plasma samples of 63 African newborns were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for their content of total and schistosome-specific or filaria-specific IgE and IgG4. The frequencies of lymphocyte phenotypes in cord blood were also determined by using flow cytometry, and were compared with those of European newborns. We found significantly increased schistosome soluble egg antigen (SEA)-specific IgE in cord plasma of those born to mothers with schistosome infections and correlations between fetal and maternal SEA-specific and filaria antigen-specific IgE. These data are evidence for in utero priming of the fetal immune system to maternal helminth infections. Furthermore, we show significantly enhanced percentages of CD5- B cells in African newborns cord blood compared with Europeans, which is consistent with earlier maturation of the African fetal immune system. 相似文献
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Ambrosi A Salomonsson S Eliasson H Zeffer E Skog A Dzikaite V Bergman G Fernlund E Tingström J Theander E Rydberg A Skogh T Öhman A Lundström U Mellander M Winqvist O Fored M Ekbom A Alfredsson L Källberg H Olsson T Gadler F Jonzon A Kockum I Sonesson SE Wahren-Herlenius M 《Annals of the rheumatic diseases》2012,71(3):334-340
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Prospective clinical studies have suggested that the rate of congenital cryptorchidism has increased since the 1950s. It has been hypothesized that this may be related to environmental factors. Testicular descent occurs in two phases controlled by Leydig cell-derived hormones insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) and testosterone. Disorders in fetal androgen production/action or suppression of Insl3 are mechanisms causing cryptorchidism in rodents. In humans, prenatal exposure to potent estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) has been associated with increased risk of cryptorchidism. In addition, epidemiological studies have suggested that exposure to pesticides may also be associated with cryptorchidism. Some case-control studies analyzing environmental chemical levels in maternal breast milk samples have reported associations between cryptorchidism and chemical levels. Furthermore, it has been suggested that exposure levels of some chemicals may be associated with infant reproductive hormone levels. 相似文献
57.
Annika Rosén Anna Feldreich Nakisa Dabirian Malin Ernberg 《Acta odontologica Scandinavica》2013,71(3):181-188
Objectives. The aims of the study were to investigate the influence of heterotopic noxious conditioning stimulation (HNCS) on pain thresholds in the orofacial and spinal regions and to find out whether there are gender differences in this respect. Material and Methods. Thirty healthy subjects (15 of each sex) with a mean (SD) age of 25.1 (4.4) years participated. Pain thresholds to electrical (EPT) and pressure stimuli (PPT) were recorded in the masseter muscle and 1st upper incisor (tooth), as well as in the fingertip, before, during, and 5 and 15 min after a cold pressor task to the contralateral hand immersed in ice-cold water for a maximum of 5 min. Results. With the exception of the EPT in the orofacial region, all pain thresholds increased during the HNCS and then returned to baseline during the 15 min follow-up. The significant changes in EPT were greater in the finger than in the tooth, while the changes in PPT were greater in the masseter muscle than in the finger. Electrical stimuli in the finger induced greater significant changes of pain thresholds than pressure. In the orofacial region, pressure induced greater significant changes in pain thresholds during HNCS than electrical stimuli did. The HNCS induced pain of high intensity and unpleasantness, i.e. varying between 5 and 10 on the numeric rating scale (NRS). There were no gender differences in the response to the HNCS. Conclusion. We conclude that, in general, HNCS induced by cold pressor stimulation increases pain thresholds, but the magnitude of the effect differs between the orofacial region and the finger and is influenced by the tissue and type of test stimuli. 相似文献
58.
Avoranta ST Korkeila EA Syrjänen KJ Pyrhönen SO Sundström JT 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2012,18(33):4549-4556
AIM: To investigate the prognostic value of CD44 variant 6 (CD44v6), a membranous adhesion molecule, in rectal cancer.METHODS: Altogether, 210 rectal cancer samples from 214 patients treated with short-course radiotherapy (RT, n = 90), long-course (chemo) RT (n = 53) or surgery alone (n = 71) were studied with immunohistochemistry for CD44v6. The extent and intensity of membranous and cytoplasmic CD44v6 staining, and the intratumoral membranous staining pattern, were analyzed.RESULTS: Membranous CD44v6 expression was seen in 84% and cytoplasmic expression in 81% of the cases. In 59% of the tumors with membranous CD44v6 expression, the staining pattern in the invasive front was determined as “front-positive” and in 41% as “front-negative”. The latter pattern was associated with narrower circumferential margin (P = 0.01), infiltrative growth pattern (P < 0.001), and shorter disease-free survival in univariate survival analysis (P = 0.022) when compared to the “front-positive” tumors.CONCLUSION: The lack of membranous CD44v6 in the rectal cancer invasive front could be used as a method to identify patients at increased risk for recurrent disease. 相似文献
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Patricia Q. Rodriguez Bernhard Lohkamp Gianni Celsi Christoph Johannes Mache Michaela Auer-Grumbach Annika Wernerson Nobuyuki Hamajima Karl Tryggvason Jaakko Patrakka 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2013,28(2):339-343