Osteogenesis imperfecta--lower limb in osteogenesis imperfecta]

The author of this paper asses lower extremity in 141 children with osteogenesis imperfecta, treated in University Children Hospital in Krakow in years 1988-2002: number of fractures, presence of the deformation, radiological findings, possibility of walking. Only 3 from this group did not suffer from lower extremity long bone fractures. In remaining patients, the number of fractures was 4 on average with type I and IV, and 46 fractures in children with type III osteogenesis imperfecta in each patient. Perinatal fractures appeared in 26 children with type II or III oi. In remaining, first fracture happened at the age of 23 months on average. 21% of the children had never walked before, and the rest of them started pionisation at the age of 20 months on average. Lower extremities deformations appeared in 113 children (80%). We assessed typical deformity pattern, based on clinical and radiological findings: varisation of femur and antecurvation of the tibia. The movement limitations in hips or knees was found in 29 children. Radiological changes in growth cartilage, so-called "popcorn calcification" were found in 15 children with type III of osteogenesis imperfecta.     

Diagnostic possibilities of ultrasonic scanning of the knee joints in osteoarthrosis

AIM: To examine diagnostic potential of arthrosonography (ASG) in diagnosis of tendenitis in combination with synovitis in patients with gonarthrosis stage I-III by Kellgren's classification. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 40 patients with gonarthrosis exacerbation were examined with x-ray and ultrasound scanning (80 joints). ASG was made on Aloka-SSD-630 device using two-dimentional scanning in 4 longitudinal and 4 transverse positions. RESULTS: Clinical symptoms of synovitis were predominant in patients with gonarthrosis x-ray stage II (68.3%). In ASG synovitis was detected in 41 (51.25%) of 48 knee joints with clinical picture of synovitis. Ultrasound detected such synovitis signs as increased amount of water in the knee joint cavity and b. suprapatellaris, thickening of the synovial membrane more than 0.3 cm and changes in its structure. Six (7.5%) joints were affected with subclinical synovitis diagnosed only in ASG. Ultrasound visualized Baker's cyst in 5 patients and in 5 knee joints. Periarthritis was detected in 77.5% joints, in 46.25% joints it combined with synovitis, ASG provided differential diagnosis of synovitis with periarthritis. Thinning of the cartilage was detected in most of the joints both in synovitis and in its absence but it was more significant in synovitis (62.5 and 40%, respectively). CONCLUSION: ASG is an informative diagnostic method in periarthritis and synovitis, including subclinical, and give additional information for x-ray diagnosis in gonarthrosis stage I-III.     

Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des funktionell-dynamischen Auswertungsverfahrens der FRS-Bilder in der kieferorthopädischen Praxis

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 27 Abbildungen     

Medicosocial reasons for limiting the birth rate]

A survey was conducted on the medico-social reasons for limiting births. 3200 people from Leningrad were asked to answer a questionnaire on this subject. Medico-social factors were among the 15 most frequent reasons for limiting births: men invoked such factors in 10.4% of the cases in the age groups 35-39, in 23.8% of the cases in the age group 40-44 and in 59.2% of the cases in the group 45-49. The same was true for women although the medico-social factors were mentioned at an earlier age: 10.2% in the age group 30-34, 20.8% in the group 35-39, 37.2% in the group 40-44 and 71.5% in the group 45-49. It is significantly more rare for healthy women to not have any children (2.5 per 100) than for sick women (4.8 per 100). It is also quite rare for healthy women to decide to have only 1 child (22.6%). Thus the number of children per woman greatly depends on her health. The older the people questioned, the more frequently health factors are mentioned. Among the people invoking medico-biological reasons for limiting births, many not only referred to their health but also to their age. This is confirmed by the statistical data. The USSR birth rate was 45% lower in 1973-74 than in 1938-39. In the age group 20-34, it decreased by 38% and by 72% in the age group 35-49. It is concluded that the birth rate does not depend as much on health as on socio-psychological factors.     

Use of ion-exchange sorbents for determining drug preparations and their metabolites in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography

High performance liquid chromatography has acquired great importance recently for an analysis of the drugs in biological fluids of the body. Phase inversion sorbents are particularly widely used today. However, the use of ion-exchange sorbents is fairly promising for an analysis of the drugs capable of ionizing in an aqueous solution. The authors illustrate the use of the latter ones for determination in the blood, urine and saliva of man of a number of the cardiologic drugs (etmozine, nonachlazine, verapamil, prazosin, propranolol, nadolol). Ion-exchange sorbents make it possible to attain better results than inverse phase ones, since they retain the drugs selectively and do not retain the endogenous substances of lipid nature. As regards verapamil, prazosin and propranolol, the unchanged drug and polar metabolites could be determined jointly, with such a determination being not feasible with the use of phase inversion sorbents. Separation of the diastereoisomers of nadolol was achieved in the blood and urine of patients who received the drug.