珠海地区NRXN1和NLGN1基因多态性与儿童孤独症的关联性研究

目的 探索珠海地区NRXN1和NLGN1基因多态性与儿童孤独症易感性的关系,为孤独症的防治提供科学依据。方法 采用病例对照的研究方法,选取2011－2016年就诊于珠海市妇幼保健院的123例珠海地区的孤独症患儿和506例健康对照。采用口腔拭子采集口腔上皮细胞以提取DNA,采用Sequenom Mass Array platform分型技术对NRXN1基因上的rs1045881和rs11885824以及NLGN1上的rs9855544进行基因分型。结果 NRXN1基因上的rs1045881和rs11885824以及NLGN1上的rs9855544位点基因型分布在孤独症组和健康对照组比较,差异无统计学意义;但NLGN1基因上的rs9855544与NRXN1基因上的rs11885824存在基因与基因间的交互作用(预测准确率为0.480,交叉验证一致性为10/10,P=0.040)。结论 NRXN1基因上的rs1045881和rs11885824以及NLGN1上的rs9855544位点基因多态性可能与孤独症易感性没有关联,但NLGN1基因上的rs9855544与NRXN1基因上的rs11885824之间的交互作用可能是孤独症易感性的影响因素。     

The quality of spontaneous adverse drug reaction reports from the pharmacovigilance centre in western China

Background: High-quality adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports are essential for conducting drug safety monitoring in pharmacovigilance. The study aim was to assess the current quality of ADR reports in western China, and to identify problems with ADR report quality.

Research design and methods: A sample of 1139 reports received by the Shaanxi ADR Monitoring Center from January 2015 to December 2017 was selected. ADR report quality was evaluated using an ADR report quality evaluation system.

Results: None of the reports were rated as excellent and 1.40% (n = 16) as good. Report quality was better for new and serious reports than for general reports. Medical institutions generated higher quality reports than pharmaceutical manufacturers. Nurses generated higher quality reports than doctors, pharmacists, and other professionals. Reporters of different occupations showed significant differences in the quality of the indicators Reporting time limit, Intervention ADR time, ADR termination time, ADR intervention measures, Original disease, and Cause of medication (P = 0.000).

Conclusions: The ADR data quality was poor in western China, and of lower quality than reported data from previous research in other regions. Improvements in the quality and availability of ADR reports are urgently needed.     

鼻内镜微波凝固切断筛前神经治疗变应性鼻炎疗效观察

目的观察微波凝固筛前神经治疗常年变应性鼻炎的疗效。方法26例确诊为变应性鼻炎的患者在鼻内镜引导和局麻下开放前组筛房，暴露筛前血管神经骨管，微波探针接触凝固。结果术后随访1年，其中显效16例，占61．5％，有效6例，占23％，无效4例占，15．5％，总有效率84．5％。结论鼻内镜微波凝固筛前神经治疗变应性鼻炎定位准确、创伤小、术后疗效好。     

单侧液压脑损伤对大鼠双侧海马GFAP表达和CA1区突触传递的影响

目的研究单侧液压脑损伤(FPI)对大鼠双侧海马区胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)表达和CA1区突触传递的影响。方法建立大鼠单侧液压脑损伤模型,脑标本分为对照组(包括正常对照和假手术对照)、FPI损伤同侧组和FPI损伤对侧组。免疫组化法检测海马水平切片GFAP表达,对海马CA1区锥体神经元进行细胞内记录。结果FPI大鼠双侧海马齿状回门区和CA1区GFAP表达均比对照组明显增强。FPI损伤同侧组兴奋性输入-输出关系曲线的斜率比其他两组显著增大(P<0.05);FPI损伤同侧组和对侧组双脉冲易化(PPF)比值和抑制性突触后电位(IPSP)幅值均比对照组显著减小(P<0.05);FPI损伤同侧组和对侧组双脉冲抑制(PPD)比值均比对照组显著增大(P<0.05)。结论大鼠单侧液压脑损伤对双侧海马均可产生影响,导致双侧海马CA1区兴奋性突触传递增强,抑制性突触传递减弱。     

提倡垂体腺瘤的个体化及综合性治疗

垂体腺瘤的外科治疗已有一个世纪的历史,早期由于诊断技术落后,患者常常因肿瘤过大导致视力严重障碍或颅内压增高危及生命才来就诊,治疗以挽救生命及视力为主要目的。随着CT、MR I的普及应用,垂体腺瘤患者就诊时多以内分泌功能障碍为主要表现,部分伴有视力、视野障碍,因此,手术     

应用64层CT一次扫描完成心脏冠脉成像及心功能分析的可行性初步研究

目的研究64层CT一次扫描同时完成心脏冠脉成像及心功能分析的可行性。方法96例患者均行MSCT心脏成像扫描和MR心脏检查,数据分别按照冠脉成像和心功能分析要求进行重建和后处理,评估。结果1271段冠脉血管中有约99%血管显示清晰,达到诊断要求;心功能分析数据左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左室每搏输出量(LVSV)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室心肌容积(LVMV)与MR相关数据的相关系数分别为0.84、0.91、0.94、0.89、0.88。结论MSCT可以在一次扫描中完成冠脉成像和心功能数据采集,具有极高应用价值。     

64层螺旋CT在糖尿病下肢动脉硬化闭塞症中的诊断价值

目的评价64层螺旋CT下肢动脉成像在诊断糖尿病下肢动脉硬化闭塞症中的临床价值。方法对90例可疑下肢血管病变的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者进行64层螺旋CT血管造影检查,对所有扫描原始数据行容积再现(VR),最大密度投影(M IP),冠状、矢状面多平面重组(MPR)以及曲面重建(CPR)。结果64层螺旋CT下肢血管造影检查可以清晰显示自髂总至足背整个动脉系统病变的准确部位、范围及侧枝血管。90例患者中67例(77%)患者血管呈不同程度粥样硬化表现。其中轻或中度狭窄49例(56.3%),重度狭窄18例(20.7%),7例(8%)完全闭塞患者可见侧枝循环血管形成。结论64层螺旋CT下肢血管造影,对糖尿病下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的诊断和治疗具有重要价值。     

Lipid peroxidation, occupational stress and aging in workers of a prehospital emergency service.

BACKGROUND: Stressful conditions lead to formation of excessive free radicals, and lipid peroxidation is one of the major outcomes of free radical-mediated injury that directly damages membranes and generates a number of secondary products. OBJECTIVES: To determine the levels of malondialdehyde, an end product of lipid peroxidation, according to demographic and occupational variables in workers of a prehospital emergency service and to analyse the relationship between malondialdehyde levels and burnout. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and eleven healthy workers of a prehospital emergency service and eighty aged-matched healthy individuals of both sexes as a control group were surveyed. Malondialdehyde levels were measured by the Bull and Marnett method. To measure burnout, the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used. RESULTS: Professional category is associated with lipid peroxidation and burnout levels (Malondialdehyde levels were: physicians 338.10+/-14.47, nurses 329.17+/-12.62 and technicians 296.74+/-14.28; burnout levels were: physicians 41.29+/-3.59, nurses 37.38+/-6.05 and technicians 35.33+/-5.87). Working at night and in the evening increased malondialdehyde and burnout levels. Malondialdehyde levels increase with age. No significant variations with respect to sex were detected. Significant variations in malondialdehyde levels were detected between singles (303.13+/-12.74) and married people (344.43+/-13.43) but not with respect to divorcees (326.44+/-11.74). Significant differences were detected in erythrocyte malondialdehyde levels between smokers (341.37+/-17.09) and nonsmokers (302.21+/-12.38), but not for alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest a positive correlation between malondialdehyde, a biomarker of lipid peroxidation and occupational stress, as estimated by elements of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and oxidative stress.     

浅谈中职语文教学中促进学生良好人格的发展

从语文教学角度探讨如何进行有效的人格素质培养。