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991.
Dimitar Hristovski Andrej Kastrin Dejan Dinevski Anita Burgun Lovro Žiberna Thomas C. Rindflesch 《Journal of medical systems》2016,40(8):185
We report on our research in using literature-based discovery (LBD) to provide pharmacological and/or pharmacogenomic explanations for reported adverse drug effects. The goal of LBD is to generate novel and potentially useful hypotheses by analyzing the scientific literature and optionally some additional resources. Our assumption is that drugs have effects on some genes or proteins and that these genes or proteins are associated with the observed adverse effects. Therefore, by using LBD we try to find genes or proteins that link the drugs with the reported adverse effects. These genes or proteins can be used to provide insight into the processes causing the adverse effects. Initial results show that our method has the potential to assist in explaining reported adverse drug effects. 相似文献
992.
Background
Population ageing has significant effects on societies. The organization of care for dependent old people is one of the key issues for ageing societies. The majority of care for homebound dependent old people in Slovenia is still performed by informal carers, even though the use of formal services has been increasing over the last 20 years. The proportion and characteristics of people with unmet needs are important for the development of long term care social policy.Method
The SHARE (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe) survey was used to assess the determinants of care arrangements and of unmet needs of the aging population in Slovenia. Multinomial regression analysis was used to evaluate individual and contextual determinants of care arrangements and unmet needs.Results
The proportion of older people with unmet needs is 4%. As expected, “needs” (Functional impairment OR=4.89, P=0.000, Depression OR=2.59, P=0.001) were the most important determinant, followed by the predisposing factor “age” (age OR 1.15, P=0.000) and two enabling factors, namely:”community setting and “availability of informal care within household” (Urban areas OR=.47, P=0.021; Household size 3+ OR=2.11, P=0.030).Conclusion
This study showed that there are a proportion of older people in Slovenia with severe needs for care, which are being unmet. As shown by the importance of enabling factors, social policy should encourage the development of formal services in rural areas and elaborate policy measures for informal carers. 相似文献993.
Introduction In view of the serious health risks and high costs to the health care system of tobacco consumption, getting young people
to avoid smoking is an important element of preventive health care. The aim of this study was to give an overview of the scientific
literature on cost-effectiveness in smoking preventive interventions within this age group.
Methods A literature search was conducted in publicly available databases.
Results Eight studies confirming the cost-effectiveness of those programmes were identified. These publications evaluate behaviour-based
as well as environment-related interventions. Depending on the specific measures used, the results varied enormously. Nevertheless,
in most scenarios the cost-effectiveness was favourable with less than 20,000 euros per life year gained (LYG) or quality-adjusted
life year (QALY). In the long-term perspective some studies estimate significant cost savings from a societal perspective.
Conclusion According to the available evidence, the authors assume that smoking prevention in adolescents is cost-effective. Due to the
small number of comparable studies, there is a lack of reliable evidence regarding the economic aspects of primary tobacco
prevention. 相似文献
994.
Ales Vesnaver Matija Gorjanc Andreja Eberlinc David A Dovsak Andrej A Kansky 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2005,33(3):169-179
INTRODUCTION: Treatment of fractures of the mandibular condyle fractures varies among centres as there still is no general consensus. The aim of this paper was to determine the safety and efficiency of surgical treatment using a transparotid approach for direct plating. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective clinical study was conducted on 34 patients with 36 fractures of the condyle. All 36 fractures were displaced, and 14 (39%) of them were fracture dislocations. The fractures were treated surgically with a transparotid facelift or retromandibular approach using miniplates and screws for fixation. Patients were carefully followed up and were asked to answer a survey paper 2-39 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Occlusion practically identical to the pretraumatic condition was achieved in 31 out of 33 dentate patients (94%). Postoperative interincisal distance was 30-61 mm (mean 44 mm), 4 patients (12%) had postoperative deflection to the side of injury during mouth opening. Facial symmetry was achieved in all of the patients. Eight out of 36 cases (22%) had a transient weakness of certain ipsilateral facial muscle groups, lasting for 4-8 weeks. In one of these patients, a mild weakness of the upper lip and lower eyelid persisted after 13 months. There were 5 cases of miniplate fractures (14%), all of them in patients in whom 1.7 or thinner miniplates were used. There were 5 cases of salivary fistulae (14%), all of them in patients where the parotid capsule was not closed in a watertight fashion. According to the postoperative survey completed by 32 patients, 30 of them (94%) were very satisfied with the outcome of treatment. CONCLUSION: If conducted properly, the transparotid facelift approach offers a safe and effective approach for direct fixation of condylar fractures. 相似文献
995.
Peter Balon Aleš Vesnaver Andrej Kansky Miha Kočar Luka Prodnik 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2019,47(1):60-65
Purpose
The aim of this study was to analyse treatment results after alloplastic temporomandibular joint replacement surgery.Materials and methods
Twelve patients who met the inclusion criteria underwent operation between the years 2012 and 2016 at the Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery of the University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia. Seven patients had posttraumatic sequelae, 4 osteoarthritis and 1 psoriatic arthritis. We inserted 12 temporomandibular joint prostheses (Biomet- Lorenz). A retrograde analysis of the patients, subjective assessment of the pre- and postoperative temporomandibular pain, opening the mouth, the ability to chew food, and quality of life (VAS scale, 0–10) was performed. Additionally, we evaluated the inter-incisal distance pre- and postoperatively. Complications that occurred were also included in our evaluation.Results
During final examinations, at least 15 months after the surgery (on average 39.5 months), we observed an improved ability to open the mouth in all patients. The average preoperative inter-incisal distance was 22 mm (15–30 mm); the average postoperative distance was 37.5 mm (32.3–1.8 mm), (p < 0.001). The analysis of pain and other subjective variables (opening the mouth, the ability to chew, quality of life) showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001).Conclusion
According to our initial experience, replacement of the temporomandibular joint with a total prosthesis is a safe and effective treatment method. 相似文献996.
Lindenmann Joerg Maier Alfred Fediuk Melanie Mykoliuk Iurii Roj Andrej Anegg Udo Smolle Josef Smolle-Juettner Freyja Maria 《European Surgery》2022,54(3):144-149
European Surgery - In the last two decades, both treatment options and epidemiological features of cancer have changed. We studied the influence of related parameters on the outcome of patients... 相似文献
997.
Kielbassa AM Muller U Munz I Monting JS 《Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics》2003,95(1):94-100
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of an electronic device (Root ZX; Morita, Tokyo, Japan) for measuring the root canal length in primary teeth. STUDY DESIGN: The pulp tissue was removed from 71 nonrestorable teeth scheduled to be extracted under general anesthesia, and the root canals (n = 105) were irrigated (H(2)O(2), 3%; NaOCl, 1%). Subsequently, the length was determined clinically with the electronic device prior to extraction. Treatments were performed by 2 dentists (42 and 63 root canals). After extraction, the real length was recorded and the 2 measurements were compared. RESULTS: Measurements were affected significantly by the dentists (P < .01; chi(2)). However, regression analysis revealed sufficient accuracy of the device, with a tendency to estimate the root canal length just short (x = -0.98 +/- 1.75 mm) of the apex. These results were not influenced by tooth type, root canal type, status of the periapex, or clinical condition (P > .05; chi(2)). CONCLUSION: Root ZX can be strongly recommended for clinical implementation of endodontics in primary teeth, particularly when treating fidgety children. 相似文献
998.
Hans Georg Sergl Dr med dent Dipl-Psych Ulrich Klages Dipl-Psych Dr phil Andrej Zentner BDS PhD Dr habil 《American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics》1998,114(6):684-691
Orthodontic patients experience pain and discomfort to a varying degree during the course of treatment. The aims of the present investigation were to follow the progress of adaptation after insertion of new appliances and to study the relationships between the type of appliance worn and pain or discomfort experienced, between pain sensations and attitude toward the treatment and their effects on patients’ compliance. Pain and discomfort experienced by 84 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, their attitude toward the treatment, and compliance were assessed 7 days, 14 days, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after appliance insertion, using specially designed protocols, questionnaires, and rating scales. Evaluation of the results showed that an adaptation to pain and discomfort occurred during the first 3 to 5 days after placement of the appliance. The severity of pain and discomfort experienced by the patients wearing functional or fixed appliances was significantly higher than by those treated with upper and/or lower removable plates. Patients who had higher personal perception of the severity of their malocclusion and displayed attitudes characteristic for internal control orientation according to the so-called locus of control theory, seemed to adapt faster and have less pain. The results of this study also indicate that acceptance of orthodontic appliances and treatment in general may be predicted by the amount of initial pain and discomfort experienced. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;114:684-91) 相似文献
999.
BACKGROUND: Enhanced neutrophil responses play a critical role in the activation of the innate immune system and causation of aggressive periodontitis (AgP). The hypothesis that comprehensive periodontal treatment expedites resolution of amplified leukocyte activity and facilitates the reconstitution of periodontal health was tested. METHODS: Four different gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) markers from 14 patients were characterized prior to and at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after periodontal therapy. GCF myeloperoxidase (MPO), beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase (beta-NAH), and beta-glucuronidase (beta-G) were determined spectrophotometrically, and cathepsin D (CD) by liquid scintillation counting using [14C] hemoglobin as substrate. The primary outcome was long-term stability of periodontal health. RESULTS: In untreated AgP, GCF markers were significantly amplified (MPO: 1.9-fold; beta-NAH: 1.3-fold; beta-G: 1.7-fold; CD: 4.7-fold). Following periodontal therapy, the leukocyte activity was significantly dampened (0.3- to 0.5-fold), and paralleled with a sustained improvement of periodontal health (P < 0.05). Thereafter and at 3 years, GCF leukocyte responses remained on a physiologic low level compatible to normal immune function. CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive treatment of AP induces a downregulation of amplified crevicular neutrophil activity. The release of the innate immune system from exacerbating damage elicits a successful reconstitution of long-term periodontal health with no setbacks seen after 3 years. 相似文献
1000.
PMN responses in chronic periodontal disease: evaluation by gingival crevicular fluid enzymes and elastase-alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Buchmann R Hasilik A Nunn ME Van Dyke TE Lange DE 《Journal of clinical periodontology》2002,29(6):563-572
OBJECTIVES: In the present trial, the hypothesis was examined that the local PMN responses in untreated and treated chronic periodontitis can be differentiated by gingival crevicular fluid lysosomal enzyme activities and elastase-alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex. METHODS: In nine subjects (average age 49.2 +/- 7.1 years) with chronic periodontitis, clinical parameters and markers of the PMN-derived inflammatory tissue response in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed before and 6 months after surgical periodontal therapy. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase (beta-NAH) and cathepsin D (CD) were analyzed as indicators of the PMN-associated host tissue destruction, and elastase-alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex (alpha-1-EPI) as the major serum protein inactivating PMN elastase. The total activities of the lysosomal enzymes MPO and beta-NAH were evaluated spectrophotometrically, the CD levels by liquid scintillation counting with [14C] hemoglobin as substrate, and the total alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex using a sandwich-immunoassay. RESULTS: The clinical parameters revealed a statistical significant decrease at the 6-month reexamination. PD levels dropped from 5.40 to 2.88 mm (change 2.52 +/- 1.04 mm), the CAL scores from 6.67 to 4.43 mm (change 2.24 +/- 0.77 mm). The 30 s GCF volumes dropped from 129.8 to 68.6, displaying a change of 61.1 +/- 18.6, p = 0.05. The decrease in total MPO, beta-NAH and CD levels (medians: 1.7/0.6 micro U MPO, 0.035/0.020 micro U beta-NAH, 1.3/0.5 ng CD) following therapy was associated with a significant drop in total GCF amounts of alpha-1-EPI from 76.3 ng at baseline to 52.4 ng after 6 months. CONCLUSION: The clinical healing in chronic periodontal disease is associated with a downregulation of the local PMN responses following periodontal therapy. The reorganization of periodontal tissues is characterized by a decrease of lysosomal enzyme activities and the alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex in gingival crevicular fluid. 相似文献