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991.
Feng Xie Shu-Chuen Li Ron Goeree Jean-Eric Tarride Daria O’Reilly Ngai-Nung Lo Seng-Jin Yeo Kuang-Ying Yang Julian Thumboo 《Quality of life research》2008,17(4):595-601
Objective Our aim was to cross-culturally validate Chinese Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) in
patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) scheduled for total knee replacement in Singapore.
Methods Chinese WOMAC was translated from the original English version following standard guidelines. Patients were asked to complete
a questionnaire containing the WOMAC (twice within 6 days), the Short Form 36 (SF-36), and the EuroQoL EQ-5D. Reliability
was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), dimensionality using item-to-domain correlations
and factor analyses. Convergent and discriminant construct validity was assessed using six each a priori hypotheses.
Results Chinese WOMAC was well accepted by the patients in the pilot test. The Chinese and English versions were therefore administered
to a consecutive sample of 131 Chinese- and 127 English-speaking subjects, respectively, with knee OA. Cronbach’s alpha exceeded
0.7 for all domains except for Chinese pain domain, whereas the ICC exceeded 0.7 for all domains. Hypothesized item-to-domain
correlations were observed for all items except for four items in Chinese physical function domain. The factor analyses yielded
seven and five factors with eigenvalues of more than 1.0 in the Chinese and English versions, respectively. A total of 10/12
a priori construct validity hypotheses were satisfied for the Chinese version. Weak correlations between WOMAC pain and SF-36
bodily pain and moderate correlation between WOMAC pain and EQ-5D anxiety/depression were observed.
Conclusions Chinese WOMAC was well accepted and demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties in Singaporean patients with severe knee
OA. 相似文献
992.
Andrea Messori 《World Journal of Methodology》2022,12(3):107-112
BACKGROUNDLutetium has been shown to be an important potential innovation in pre-treated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Two clinical trials have evaluated lutetium thus far (therap and vision with 99 and 385 patients, respectively), but their results are discordant. AIMTo synthetize the available evidence on the effectiveness of lutetium in pre-treated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; and to test the application of a new artificial intelligence technique that synthetizes effectiveness based on reconstructed patient-level data.METHODSWe employed a new artificial intelligence method (shiny method) to pool the survival data of these two trials and evaluate to what extent the lutetium cohorts differed from one another. The shiny technique employs an original reconstruction of individual patient data from the Kaplan-Meier curves. The progression-free survival graphs of the two lutetium cohorts were analyzed and compared. RESULTSThe hazard ratio estimated was in favor of the vision trial; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). These results indicate that further studies on lutetium are needed because the survival data of the two trials published thus far are conflicting. CONCLUSIONOur study confirms the feasibility of reconstructing patient-level data from survival graphs in order to generate a survival statistics. 相似文献
993.
Hugenholtz NI Schaafsma FG Nieuwenhuijsen K van Dijk FJ 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》2008,82(1):107-115
OBJECTIVE: An intervention existing of an evidence-based medicine (EBM) course in combination with case method learning sessions (CMLSs) was designed to enhance the professional performance, self-efficacy and job satisfaction of occupational physicians. METHODS: A cluster randomized controlled trial was set up and data were collected through questionnaires at baseline (T0), directly after the intervention (T1) and 7 months after baseline (T2). The data of the intervention group [T0 (n = 49), T1 (n = 31), T2 (n = 29)] and control group [T0 (n = 49), T1 (n = 28), T2 (n = 28)] were analysed in mixed model analyses. Mean scores of the perceived value of the CMLS were calculated in the intervention group. RESULTS: The overall effect of the intervention over time comparing the intervention with the control group was statistically significant for professional performance (p < 0.001). Job satisfaction and self-efficacy changes were small and not statistically significant between the groups. The perceived value of the CMLS to gain new insights and to improve the quality of their performance increased with the number of sessions followed. CONCLUSION: An EBM course in combination with case method learning sessions is perceived as valuable and offers evidence to enhance the professional performance of occupational physicians. However, it does not seem to influence their self-efficacy and job satisfaction. 相似文献
994.
Jordan Nunan Ian Stanier Rebecca Milne Andrea Shawyer Dave Walsh Brandon May 《Psychiatry, Psychology and Law》2022,29(1):1
Covert Human Intelligence Sources (CHIS) provide unique access to criminals and organised crime groups, and their collection of intelligence is vital to understanding England and Wales’ threat picture. Rapport is essential to the establishment and maintenance of effective professional relationships between source handlers and their CHIS. Thus, rapport-based interviewing is a fundamental factor to maximising intelligence yield. The present research gained unprecedented access to 105 real-life audio recorded telephone interactions between England and Wales police source handlers and CHIS. This research quantified both the rapport component behaviours (e.g., attention, positivity, and coordination) displayed by the source handler and the intelligence yielded from the CHIS, in order to investigate the frequencies of these rapport components and their relationship to intelligence yield. Overall rapport, attention and coordination significantly correlated with intelligence yield, while positivity did not. Attention was the most frequently used component of rapport, followed by positivity, and then coordination.Key words: Covert Human Intelligence Source, human intelligence, HUMINT, intelligence, interviewing, rapport, source handler 相似文献
995.
Background
Data on the effect of contraceptive methods, other than the condom, on HIV acquisition is not clear. The aim of this study was to describe hormonal contraceptive use, sexual behaviour and HIV prevalence among women in Cameroon in order to provide baseline information for future analytical studies. 相似文献996.
Blythe A. Layton Devrim Kaya Christine Kelly Kenneth J. Williamson Dana Alegre Silke M. Bachhuber Peter G. Banwarth Jeffrey W. Bethel Katherine Carter Benjamin D. Dalziel Mark Dasenko Matthew Geniza Andrea George Anne-Marie Girard Roy Haggerty Kathryn A. Higley Denise M. Hynes Jane Lubchenco Katherine R. McLaughlin F. Javier Nieto Aslan Noakes Matthew Peterson Adriana D. Piemonti Justin L. Sanders Brett M. Tyler Tyler S. Radniecki 《Environmental health perspectives》2022,130(6)
Background: Positive correlations have been reported between wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations and a community’s burden of infection, disease or both. However, previous studies mostly compared wastewater to clinical case counts or nonrepresentative convenience samples, limiting their quantitative potential.Objectives: This study examined whether wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations could provide better estimations for SARS-CoV-2 community prevalence than reported cases of COVID-19. In addition, this study tested whether wastewater-based epidemiology methods could identify neighborhood-level COVID-19 hotspots and SARS-CoV-2 variants.Methods: Community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was estimated from eight randomized door-to-door nasal swab sampling events in six Oregon communities of disparate size, location, and demography over a 10-month period. Simultaneously, wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations were quantified at each community’s wastewater treatment plant and from 22 Newport, Oregon, neighborhoods. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was sequenced from all positive wastewater and nasal swab samples. Clinically reported case counts were obtained from the Oregon Health Authority.Results: Estimated community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence ranged from 8 to 1,687/10,000 persons. Community wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations ranged from 2.9 to gene copies per liter. Wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations were more highly correlated (Pearson’s ; ) with community prevalence than were clinically reported cases of COVID-19 (Pearson’s ; ). Monte Carlo simulations indicated that wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations were significantly better than clinically reported cases at estimating prevalence (). In addition, wastewater analyses determined neighborhood-level COVID-19 hot spots and identified SARS-CoV-2 variants (B.1 and B.1.399) at the neighborhood and city scales.Discussion: The greater reliability of wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations over clinically reported case counts was likely due to systematic biases that affect reported case counts, including variations in access to testing and underreporting of asymptomatic cases. With these advantages, combined with scalability and low costs, wastewater-based epidemiology can be a key component in public health surveillance of COVID-19 and other communicable infections. https://doi.org/10.1289/ EHP10289相似文献
997.
Annabelle M Wilson Anthea M Magarey Nadia Mastersson 《The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity》2008,5(1):5
Background
Food behaviours, attitudes, environments and knowledge are relevant to professionals in childhood obesity prevention, as are dietary patterns which promote positive energy balance. There is a lack of valid and reliable tools to measure these parameters. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and relative validity of a child nutrition questionnaire assessing all of these parameters, used in the evaluation of a community-based childhood obesity prevention project. 相似文献998.
Roberto Lorusso Samuel Heuts Federica Jiritano Roberto Scrofani Carlo Antona Guglielmo Actis Dato Paolo Centofanti Sandro Ferrarese Matteo Matteucci Antonio Miceli Mattia Glauber Enrico Vizzardi Sandro Sponga Igor Vendramin Andrea Garatti Carlo de Vincentis Michele De Bonis Silvia Ajello Giovanni Troise Margherita Dalla Tomba Filiberto Serraino 《Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery》2022,35(1)
Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESAlthough the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has been the most widely adopted temporary mechanical support device in cardiac surgical patients, its use has declined. The current study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and predictors of early mortality and complication rates in contemporary cardiac surgery patients supported by an IABP.METHODSA multicentre, retrospective analysis was performed of all consecutive cardiac surgical patients receiving perioperative balloon pump support in 8 centres between January 2010 to December 2019. The primary outcome was early mortality, and secondary outcomes were balloon-associated complications. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was applied to evaluate predictors of the primary outcome.RESULTSThe study cohort consisted of 2615 consecutive patients. The median age was 68 years [25th percentile 61, 75th percentile 75 years], with the majority being male (76.9%), and a mean calculated 30-day mortality risk of 10.0%. Early mortality was 12.7% (n = 333), due to cardiac causes (n = 266), neurological causes (=22), balloon-related causes (n = 5) and other causes (n = 40). A composite end point of all vascular complications occurred in 7.2% of patients, and leg ischaemia was observed in 1.3% of patients. The most important predictors of early mortality were peripheral vascular disease [odds ratio (OR) 1.63], postoperative dialysis requirement (OR 10.40) and vascular complications (OR 2.57).CONCLUSIONSThe use of the perioperative IABP proved to be safe and demonstrated relatively low complication rates, particularly for leg ischaemia. As such, we believe that specialists should not be held back to use this widely available treatment in high-risk cardiac surgical patients when indicated. 相似文献
999.
Emmanuel de Billy Marsha Pellegrino Domenico Orlando Giulia Pericoli Roberta Ferretti Pietro Businaro Maria Antonietta Ajmone-Cat Sabrina Rossi Lucia Lisa Petrilli Nicola Maestro Francesca Diomedi-Camassei Marco Pezzullo Cristiano De Stefanis Paola Bencivenga Alessia Palma Rossella Rota Francesca Del Bufalo Luca Massimi Gerrit Weber Chris Jones Andrea Carai Simona Caruso Biagio De Angelis Ignazio Caruana Concetta Quintarelli Angela Mastronuzzi Franco Locatelli Maria Vinci 《Neuro-oncology》2022,24(7):1150
BackgroundDiffuse midline gliomas (DMG) H3K27M-mutant, including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), are pediatric brain tumors associated with grim prognosis. Although GD2-CAR T-cells demonstrated significant anti-tumor activity against DMG H3K27M-mutant in vivo, a multimodal approach may be needed to more effectively treat patients. We investigated GD2 expression in DMG/DIPG and other pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) and sought to identify chemical compounds that would enhance GD2-CAR T-cell anti-tumor efficacy.MethodsImmunohistochemistry in tumor tissue samples and immunofluorescence in primary patient-derived cell lines were performed to study GD2 expression. We developed a high-throughput cell-based assay to screen 42 kinase inhibitors in combination with GD2-CAR T-cells. Cell viability, western blots, flow-cytometry, real time PCR experiments, DIPG 3D culture models, and orthotopic xenograft model were applied to investigate the effect of selected compounds on DIPG cell death and CAR T-cell function.ResultsGD2 was heterogeneously, but widely, expressed in the tissue tested, while its expression was homogeneous and restricted to DMG/DIPG H3K27M-mutant cell lines. We identified dual IGF1R/IR antagonists, BMS-754807 and linsitinib, able to inhibit tumor cell viability at concentrations that do not affect CAR T-cells. Linsitinib, but not BMS-754807, decreases activation/exhaustion of GD2-CAR T-cells and increases their central memory profile. The enhanced anti-tumor activity of linsitinib/GD2-CAR T-cell combination was confirmed in DIPG models in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo.ConclusionOur study supports the development of IGF1R/IR inhibitors to be used in combination with GD2-CAR T-cells for treating patients affected by DMG/DIPG and, potentially, by pHGG. 相似文献
1000.
Nicole Frumento Alexis Figueroa Tingchang Wang Muhammad N. Zahid Shuyi Wang Guido Massaccesi Georgia Stavrakis James E. Crowe Jr Andrew I. Flyak Hongkai Ji Stuart C. Ray George M. Shaw Andrea L. Cox Justin R. Bailey 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2022,132(15)
A prophylactic hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine that elicits neutralizing antibodies could be key to HCV eradication. However, the genetic and antigenic properties of HCV envelope (E1E2) proteins capable of inducing anti-HCV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) in humans have not been defined. Here, we investigated the development of bNAbs in longitudinal plasma of HCV-infected persons with persistent infection or spontaneous clearance of multiple reinfections. By measuring plasma antibody neutralization of a heterologous virus panel, we found that the breadth and potency of the antibody response increased upon exposure to multiple genetically distinct infections and with longer duration of viremia. Greater genetic divergence between infecting strains was not associated with enhanced neutralizing breadth. Rather, repeated exposure to antigenically related, antibody-sensitive E1E2s was associated with potent bNAb induction. These data reveal that a prime-boost vaccine strategy with genetically distinct, antibody-sensitive viruses is a promising approach to inducing potent bNAbs in humans. 相似文献