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61.
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Maren T Scheuner William C Whitworth Henraya McGruder Paula W Yoon Muin J Khoury 《Genetics in medicine》2006,8(8):525-531
PURPOSE: We examined the performance of a familial risk assessment method that stratifies risk for early-onset coronary heart disease by considering the number of relatives with coronary disease, degree of relationship, lineage, and age at diagnosis. METHODS: By using data from the HealthStyles 2003 survey, we assessed the associations between familial risk and early-onset coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity. By using area under the curve statistics, we evaluated the discriminatory ability of various risk assessment models. RESULTS: Of 4,035 respondents, 60% were female and 72% were white, with a mean age of 48.8 years. After adjustment for demographics, strong and moderate risk were significantly associated with approximately a five- and twofold risk of early-onset coronary disease, respectively. After adjustment for demographics and personal history of cardiovascular disease, strong familial risk was also significantly associated with diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity. A risk assessment model that included familial risk, demographics, and personal history of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity was most optimal with an area under the curve statistic of 87.2% CONCLUSIONS: Familial risk assessment can stratify risk for early-onset coronary heart disease. Several conditions associated with increased familial risk can be prevented. These results have important implications for risk assessment and risk-reducing interventions. 相似文献
64.
A. Giacometti O. Cirioni G. Greganti A. Fineo R. Ghiselli M. Del Prete F. Mocchegiani B. Fileni F. Caselli E. Petrelli V. Saba G. Scalise 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2002,21(7):553-556
The in vitro activities of povidone iodine, potassium peroxymonosulfate, and dimethyldidecylammonium chloride were investigated
against 379 nosocomial isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa responsible for surgical wound infections in patients operated on between July 1995 and June 2001. Overall, the isolates
were inhibited by the antiseptics at concentrations below those used routinely. In spite of increasing resistance to the various
antibiotics used to treat surgical wound infections, no significant variation in the susceptibility to antiseptics was demonstrated
during this 6-year study.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
65.
66.
Timothy M. Pawlik Kelly Olino Ana Luiza Gleisner Michael Torbenson Richard Schulick Michael A. Choti 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2007,11(7):860-868
Some investigators have suggested that preoperative chemotherapy for hepatic colorectal metastases may cause hepatic injury
and increase perioperative morbidity and mortality. The objective of the current study was to examine whether treatment with
preoperative chemotherapy was associated with hepatic injury of the nontumorous liver and whether such injury, if present,
was associated with increased morbidity or mortality after hepatic resection. Two-hundred and twelve eligible patients who
underwent hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases between January 1999 and December 2005 were identified. Data on
demographics, clinicopathologic characteristics, and preoperative chemotherapy details were collected and analyzed. The majority
of patients received preoperative chemotherapy (n = 153; 72.2%). Chemotherapy consisted of fluoropyrimidine-based regimens: 5-FU monotherapy, 31.6%; irinotecan, 25.9%; and
oxaliplatin, 14.6%. Among those patients who received chemotherapy, the type of chemotherapy regimen predicted distinct patterns
of liver injury. Oxaliplatin was associated with increased likelihood of grade 3 sinusoidal dilatation (p = 0.017). Steatosis >30% was associated with irinotecan (27.3%) compared with no chemotherapy, 5-FU monotherapy, and oxaliplatin
(all p < 0.05). Irinotecan also was associated with steatohepatitis, as two of the three patients with steatohepatitis had received
irinotecan preoperatively. Overall, the perioperative complication rate was similar between the no-chemotherapy group (30.5%)
and the chemotherapy group (35.3%) (p = 0.79). Preoperative chemotherapy was also not associated with 60-day mortality. In patients with hepatic colorectal metastases,
preoperative chemotherapy is associated with hepatic injury in about 20 to 30% of patients. Furthermore, the type of hepatic
injury after preoperative chemotherapy was regimen-specific.
Presented at the American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association 2006 Annual Meeting, March 11, Miami, Florida. 相似文献
67.
Simon Bell Andrew J McLachlan Parisa Aslani Paula Whitehead Timothy F Chen 《Australia and New Zealand Health Policy》2005,2(1):29
The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of pharmacist delivered community-based services to optimise the use of medications for mental illness. Twenty-two controlled (randomised and non-randomised) studies of pharmacists' interventions in community and residential aged care settings identified in international scientific literature were included for review. Papers were assessed for study design, service recipient, country of origin, intervention type, number of participating pharmacists, methodological quality and outcome measurement. Three studies showed that pharmacists' medication counselling and treatment monitoring can improve adherence to antidepressant medications among those commencing treatment when calculated using an intention-to-treat analysis. Four trials demonstrated that pharmacist conducted medication reviews may reduce the number of potentially inappropriate medications prescribed to those at high risk of medication misadventure. The results of this review provide some evidence that pharmacists can contribute to optimising the use of medications for mental illness in the community setting. However, more well designed studies are needed to assess the impact of pharmacists as members of community mental health teams and as providers of comprehensive medicines information to people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder 相似文献
68.
69.
Ana L Hermogenes Michael Richardson Arinos Magalhaes Armando Yarleque Edith Rodriguez Eladio F Sanchez 《Toxicon》2006,47(4):490-494
Lachesis venom plasminogen activator (LV-PA) is a 33-kDa serine proteinase isolated from bushmaster (Lachesis muta muta) snake venom, which activates the fibrinolytic system in vitro. This study has examined the effect of the plasma proteinase inhibitor alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2-M) towards LV-PA and compares it with the effect on tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA). The proteolytic activity of LV-PA alone or previously incubated with human plasminogen (Plg) on the large molecular mass protein substrates, dimethylcasein (DMC) and fibrinogen (Fg) was completely inhibited by human alpha2-M. However, the synthetic peptides Tos-Gly-Pro-Lys-pNA and H-D-Pro-Phe-Arg-pNA (S-2302) were hydrolyzed with almost no reduction in rate. At pH 7.4 and 37 degrees C the proteinase (0.15 microM over 15 min) interacted with alpha2-M, and each mole of alpha2-M bound 2 mol of enzyme. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of reduced samples showed that the interaction of alpha2-M with either LV-PA or t-PA preincubated with Plg resulted in the formation of approximately 90 kDa fragments and high molecular mass complexes (Mr 180 kDa), generated by the incubation mixture (LV-PA or t-PA) and Plg. The data suggest that LV-PA is a direct-type PA and its fibrinolytic effect can be reduced by alpha2-M in vivo. 相似文献
70.
Marcos Ribeiro Luciene Angelini Priscila Games Robles-Ribeiro Rafael Stelmach Ubiratan de Paula Santos Mario Terra-Filho 《The Journal of asthma》2007,44(5):371-375
Background. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire was planned to answer questions about the distribution of asthma. Our objective was to determine the cultural equivalence of the ECRHS into the Brazilian-Portuguese language. Methods. We translated the ECRHS according to international criteria. Results. Small cultural adaptations were necessary. Among the 80 participating patients, the Cronbach indices were higher (0.98-1.00) and the Kappa indices varied from 0.77 to 1.00. Conclusion. The study suggests that the Brazilian version of the ECRHS is conceptually equivalent to the original and similarly reliable and may be used in international studies involving Portuguese-speaking respiratory patients. 相似文献