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51.
Vignesh Pandiarajan Barman Prabal Basu Suprit Mondal Sanjib Ishran Bhoomika Kumrah Rajni Dod Aditya Garg Ravinder Rawat Amit Singh Surjit 《Immunologic research》2023,71(1):112-120
Immunologic Research - Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is the commonest inflammatory myositis in children. The clinical phenotype is often characterized by the presence of myositis-specific... 相似文献
52.
Verma AK Vohra A Maitra A Banerjee M Singh R Mittal SK Bharadwaj V Batra V Bhatia A Aggarwal P 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1995,62(6):725-729
Of 613 children evaluated in a village in Haryana 94 (15.3%) were observed to have chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM).
Fifty eight (61.7%) children had hearing impairment. CSOM contributed to 71.6% of the hearing impaired (58/81). On analysis
of association of CSOM with literacy and socio-economic status of mothers, and age, sex, and upper respiratory tract infections
(URI) in children positive correlation was observed only with URIs (P<0.001).
Literacy and socio-economic status of the mothers did not correlate significantly with knowledge about treatment seeking,
and ear cleaning practices, probably due to the narrow range of incomes and literacy levels. An intervention program consisting
of play, demonstrations, health charts and slogans, and aural cleaning and antibiotic drops was introduced. 相似文献
53.
54.
Observations in humans suggest that the initial use of tobacco occurs in close temporal proximity to experimentation with
alcohol. There have been relatively few research reports, however, examining possible interactions between these two agents.
The present experiments examined the effect of nicotine exposure on the acquisition of ethanol drinking behavior in a limited
access procedure. In experiment 1, rats were presented with 1-h access to ethanol solutions of increasing concentration for
a period of 20 days. Subcutaneous injections of nicotine (0.6 or 1.2 mg/kg salt) or vehicle were administered 30 min prior
to each ethanol presentation. Experiment 2 used a similar method, but rats were presented with water along with ethanol during
the 1-h test session. Mecamylamine, a nicotinic receptor antagonist, was administered 30 min prior to the nicotine treatment.
Nicotine was seen to produce a dose-dependent increase in ethanol drinking behavior which commenced at the 5% ethanol concentration
and continued at 8% and again at 10%. In the second experiment, mecamylamine was observed to block completely the nicotine-induced
increase in ethanol drinking behavior. The findings suggest that exposure to nicotine can facilitate the acquisition of ethanol
drinking behavior in naive rats and that this effect is mediated by nicotine’s interaction at the nicotinic-cholinergic receptor.
Received: 11 June 1998 / Final version: 1 October 1998 相似文献
55.
The dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor, FLA-57, was reported by several investigators to reduce voluntary ethanol consumption in rats. The nature of the effect of FLA-57 on this behavior had been attributed to its involvement in both the mediation of positive reinforcing and aversive processes. In the present study, the capacity of FLA-57 to induce a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) in both a forward and a "nominally backward conditioning" paradigms was investigated. This was done in an attempt to assess the possible contribution of a FLA-57-induced CTA to the previously observed reduction in ethanol intake in several drinking studies. Furthermore, the ability of FLA-57 to induce a CTA in a nonnovel situation, where the taste of the presented solution (ethanol or saccharin) was familiar to the animals, was also assessed. The inclusion of these specific conditions was necessitated by the attempt to create conditions similar to those prevalent in drinking studies. We found that FLA-57, in both conditioning paradigms, induced a significant CTA. Animals, naive and experienced with the taste of ethanol or saccharin, exhibited a CTA following the administration of FLA-57. However, the magnitude and rate of extinction of the observed CTAs did not resemble those observed in studies on the effects of FLA-57 on ethanol intake. The results of this study suggest that while it is possible that FLA-57 exerts its effect on ethanol intake, at least in part, through an aversive mechanism, such a mechanism is unlikely to be the exclusive process through which ethanol ingestion is attenuated. 相似文献
56.
57.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: No standard dose fractionation has been defined for metastatic spinal cord compression. This retrospective analysis was undertaken to explore the impact of hypofractionated treatment compared to conventional multifraction treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and two consecutive patients referred to Mount Vernon Cancer Centre with metastatic spinal canal compression confirmed on MR scan in 95% with median age 68 years (range 32-90) and main primary tumour types breast (28%), prostate (28%) and lung (20%); 51% of patients were fully ambulant at diagnosis, 41% ambulant but with paraparesis and 9% had complete paraplegia. Spinal radiotherapy was given delivering a single dose in 32% and 20 Gy in five fractions in 64%. RESULTS: The median survival was 3.5 months; survival was significantly related to primary site and motor function at presentation. Normal ambulation was achieved in 58% at 2 weeks and 71% up to 2 months after treatment. No patient who presented with paraplegia regained function. At presentation 59% of patients had severe pain, which fell to 8% at 2 weeks. Comparing those patients who received one or two dose treatments with those who received protracted fractionation, the two groups were matched for age, sex, primary site and site of compression. Relatively more patients treated with one or two doses had paraplegia; 19% vs. 3%. Despite this outcome in the two groups was equivalent for motor and sphincter function and pain control. CONCLUSIONS: Metastatic spinal canal compression carries a poor prognosis. Urgent treatment will maintain and improve motor function in patients presenting ambulant but those who have paraplegia at presentation do not improve and have a very short survival. In this series no difference in outcome was seen between patients treated with one or two radiation doses compared to multifraction treatment; a randomised trial comparing fractionation schedules would be justified. 相似文献
58.
The statins as anticancer agents. 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
3-Hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl CoA reductase inhibitors, commonly referred to as the statins, have proven therapeutic and preventative effects in cardiovascular diseases. Recently, there are emerging interests in their use as anticancer agents based on preclinical evidence of their antiproliferative, proapoptotic, anti-invasive, and radiosensitizing properties. Inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl CoA reductase by the statins interferes with the rate-limiting step of the mevalonate pathway, leading to reduced levels of mevalonate and its downstream products, many of which play important roles in critical cellular functions such as membrane integrity, cell signaling, protein synthesis, and cell cycle progression. Perturbations of these processes in neoplastic cells by the statins may therefore result in control of tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. The statins have demonstrated growth inhibitory activity in cancer cell lines and preclinical tumor models in animals. Phase I trials of statins in humans have demonstrated myotoxicity as their main dose-limiting toxicity, and Phase II trials in various tumor types are ongoing to evaluate their efficacy. Potential future directions in the development of the statins as anticancer agents include combinations with chemotherapeutic or other molecular-targeted agents, combinations with radiotherapy, maintenance therapy in minimal disease status, and as chemopreventive therapy. 相似文献
59.
Treatment variables in relation to oocyte maturation: Lessons from a clinical micromanipulation-assisted in vitro fertilization program 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ori M. Avrech Gil A. Goldman Onit Rufas Anat Stein Shoshana Amit Israel Yoles Haim Pinkas Benjamin Fisch 《Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics》1997,14(6):337-342
Objective: In an effort to understand the mechanism underlying the improved pregnancy rate observed in IVF cycles when gonadotropin-releasing
hormone analogues (GnRH-a) are applied, we investigated a possible relationship between treatment variables and oocyte-nuclear
maturity.
Design: Nuclear maturity was retrospectively assessed in cumulus-free, denuded oocytes, obtained from women undergoing micromanipulation-assisted
IVF treatment following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with GnRH-a and menotropins.
Setting: The setting was the infertility and IVF unit of a tertiary academic medical center.
Participants: Two hundred twenty-one patients underwent 435 treatment cycles.
Main Outcome Measure: This was the proportion of germinal vesicle-intact immature (GVII) oocytes.
Results: One hundred fifty-four of the 3520 oocytes studied (4.4%) were in the GVII stage. These oocytes were found in 66 of the treatment
cycles (15.2%) and in 54 of the patients (24.4%). Cycles in which GVII oocytes were detected did not differ from those in
which all the aspirated oocytes were mature in the following respects: patient age, type and duration of infertility, controlled
ovarian hyperstimulation protocol and time of ovum pickup. However, the GVII group was characterized by a significantly higher
peak estradiol level, as well as a higher number of mature follicles visualized sonographically (diameter, >14 mm) and oocytes
retrieved.
Conclusions: Comparing the present findings with previously published data, it appears that the inclusion of GnRH-a in the stimulation
regimen is associated with a lower proportion of immature oocytes. A higher occurrence of oocyte-nuclear immaturity is apparently
associated with a significantly better ovarian response to stimulation. The high incidence of immature oocytes observed in
patients with normospermic partners and low fertilization rates in previous cycles may suggest that the fertilization failure
in some of these cases is due to oocyte, rather than sperm, dysfunction. 相似文献
60.
One case of phlegmonous gastritis is presented. Radiological diagnosis of this condition is difficult. In the setting of a clinical suspicion of this condition, computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality of choice. 相似文献