Introduction: There is a high expression of receptor tyrosine kinase like orphan receptor-1 (ROR-1), a tyrosine kinase receptor, in various tumor-cell types. ROR-1 is involved in many key processes in cancer including proliferation, survival and metastasis. Hence, ROR-1 is an attractive and promising therapeutic target. There are many therapeutic approaches that target ROR-1 and these include specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), modified T cells (CART cell), miRNAs and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI).
Areas covered: This review examines ROR-1 structure and function, immunotherapeutic strategies including specific chimeric antigen receptor (CARs) T cells and miRNAs and other targeted approaches such as the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Expert opinion: Chimeric antibodies, CARs T cells, bi-specific T cell engagers (BiTEs), miRNAs and TKIs are used to target the ROR-1 marker on cancer cell lines. By selecting the most favorable therapeutic approaches regarding ROR-1 in vivo, anti-ROR-1 antibodies or CAR T cells can be also used for diagnosis of ROR-1+ cancer cells in new technologies such as biosensors. Moreover, ROR-1 targeted combination therapy with other cancer biomarkers could be considered a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. 相似文献
As a recently discovered adipokine, nesfatin-1 is conducive to insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, energy balance, and probably obesity.
Objective
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of upper-body resistance exercise training (RET) on nesfatin-1 levels, insulin resistance, lipid profile, and body composition in obese paraplegic men.
Methods
Twenty obese paraplegic men were randomly assigned into control and upper-body RET groups. Upper-body RET was performed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week at an intensity corresponding to 60–80% maximum amount of force that can be generated in one maximal contraction in 5 stations (bench press, seated rows, sitting lat pulldown, arm extension, and arm curls). Body fat percentage was determined according to 4-sites skinfold protocol of Durnin and Womersley and Siri equation. Obesity for spinal cord injury patients in the current study was set at BMI >22?kg/m2. Data were statistically analyzed by paired and independent t-test (P?<?0.05).
Results
We found significant improvements in serum levels of nesfatin-1 (21.13%), insulin sensitivity (8.95%), and high-density lipoprotein (10.87%). Other lipid profile markers, i.e. low-density lipoprotein (4.32%), cholesterol (8.20%), and triglyceride (15.10%) reduced significantly after upper-body RET. Moreover, upper-body RET led to a significant reduction in body mass index (2.36%), body fat percentage (2.79%), and waist-to-hip ratio (2.40%).
Conclusion
Upper-body RET improved insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and body composition in paraplegic men. Serum nefastin-1 may be a potential marker of success in weight management in this population. 相似文献
The aim of current research was to determine hematological and biochemical parameters of captured kutum with gill net and beach seine. A total of 16 matured kutums were used for blood sampling from each device. The result showed significant differences in white blood cells, red blood cell, mean corpuscle volume, Ca2+, Cl?, and cholesterol between gill net and beach seine methods, but there were no significant differences in other parameters. Based on obtained results during our experiment, we concluded that the stress due to capture can influence the blood parameters, and different capture methods lead to different reactions in blood parameters. 相似文献
The continued discovery and development of adjuvants for vaccine formulation are important to safely increase potency and/or reduce the antigen doses of existing vaccines and tailor the adaptive immune response to newly developed vaccines. Adjuplex is a novel adjuvant platform based on a purified lecithin and carbomer homopolymer. Here, we analyzed the adjuvant activity of Adjuplex in mice for the soluble hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein of influenza A virus. The titration of Adjuplex revealed an optimal dose of 1% for immunogenicity, eliciting high titers of HA-specific IgG but inducing no significant weight loss. At this dose, Adjuplex completely protected mice from an otherwise lethal influenza virus challenge and was at least as effective as the adjuvants monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and alum in preventing disease. Adjuplex elicited balanced Th1-/Th2-type immune responses with accompanying cytokines and triggered antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell proliferation. The use of the peritoneal inflammation model revealed that Adjuplex recruited dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, and neutrophils in the context of innate cytokine and chemokine secretion. Adjuplex neither triggered classical maturation of DCs nor activated a pathogen recognition receptor (PRR)-expressing NF-κB reporter cell line, suggesting a mechanism of action different from that reported for classical pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-activated innate immunity. Taken together, these data reveal Adjuplex to be a potent and well-tolerated adjuvant with application for subunit vaccines. 相似文献
The response of the dentin–pulp complex in rat teeth was investigated after direct capping with biodentine with or without bone marrow‐derived stem cells (BMDSCs). Following mechanical exposure, pulps were randomly capped with one of the followings materials: calcium hydroxide, biodentine or 1 × 105 BMDSCs mL?1 + biodentine. Histological examination was performed by light microscopy after 1, 3 and 5 weeks. Inflammatory reaction, necrotic tissue formation and calcific bridge formation were scored. Analysis showed that compared with the effects of calcium hydroxide or biodentine, BMDSCs + biodentine substantially reduced inflammatory reaction and necrotic tissue while promoting calcified tissue formation. Therefore, the combination of biodentine and BMDSCs could potentially stimulate pulp tissue regeneration after direct pulp capping. 相似文献
Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common inflammatory condition in western countries. Nasal polyposis has different symptoms such as nasal obstruction, anterior or posterior nasal drip, reduced sense of smell, and facial pain. Medical and endoscopic treatments are the two main treatments for nasal polyposis. Our aim was to compare the efficacy of different methods on olfactory function. This is a non-randomized clinical trial study that was done on 60 patients who were divided into two groups (medical and surgical). Patients were matched based on age, history of smoking, and the severity of obstruction. The radiologist score of Lund-Mackay staging system was used to match patients in two arms of the trial based on the severity of nasal obstruction. Patients in surgery groups underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery under general anesthesia and then received Fluticasone propionate nasal spray for 8 weeks (400 mcg bd). Patients in the medical group were only prescribed with Fluticasone propionate with the same duration and same dose as mentioned. As a result of treatment protocol, both medical and surgical group experienced improvement in olfactory function but statistical analyses revealed that surgery resulted in better resolution of symptoms. Our observation revealed that combined treatment had a better effect than medical treatment in restoring olfaction in patients with nasal polyposis. 相似文献
A cohort design was used to determine uptake and drop out of 213 HIV-exposed infants eligible for Early Infant Diagnosis (EID)
of HIV. To explore service providers and care givers knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of the EID process, observations
and in-depth interviews were conducted. 145 (68%) infants enrolled after 2 months of age. 139 (65%) dropped out before follow
up to 18 months old. 60 (43%) drop outs occurred within 2 months of enrolment. Maternal factors associated with infant drop
out were maternal loss to follow up (48 [68%] vs. 8 [20%], P < 0.001) and younger maternal age (27.2 vs. 30.1 years, P = 0.033). Service providers and caregivers had inadequate training, knowledge and understanding of EID. Poverty and lack
of social support were challenges in accessing EID services. EID should be more closely aligned within PMTCT services, integrated
with routine mother and child health (MCH) activities and its implementation more closely monitored. 相似文献