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排序方式: 共有423条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
42.
Shandra R. Day David B. Weiss Kevin C. Hazen Christopher C. Moore 《Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease》2014
Blastomycosis commonly occurs following inhalation of Blastomyces dermatitidis conidia causing a pulmonary infection and can disseminate to extrapulmonary sites. Osseous involvement primarily results from hematogenous spread, but in rare cases, direct inoculation can occur. We describe a case of osseous blastomycosis without pulmonary or disseminated disease successfully treated with posaconazole. 相似文献
43.
Our group recently discovered that certain dietary nutrients possessing a trimethylamine (TMA) moiety, namely choline/phosphatidylcholine and L-carnitine, participate in the development of atherosclerotic heart disease. A meta-organismal pathway was elucidated involving gut microbiota–dependent formation of TMA and host hepatic flavin monooxygenase 3–dependent (FMO3-dependent) formation of TMA–N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite shown to be both mechanistically linked to atherosclerosis and whose levels are strongly linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. Collectively, these studies reveal that nutrient precursors, gut microbiota, and host participants along the meta-organismal pathway elucidated may serve as new targets for the prevention and treatment of CVD. 相似文献
44.
Ziad A. Ali Vinicio de Jesus Perez Ke Yuan Mark Orcholski Stephen Pan Wei Qi Gaurav Chopra Christopher Adams Yoko Kojima Nicholas J. Leeper Xiumei Qu Kathia Zaleta-Rivera Kimihiko Kato Yoshiji Yamada Mitsutoshi Oguri Allan Kuchinsky Stanley L. Hazen J. Wouter Jukema Santhi K. Ganesh Elizabeth G. Nabel Keith Channon Martin B. Leon Alain Charest Thomas Quertermous Euan A. Ashley 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2014,124(12):5159-5174
Angioplasty and stenting is the primary treatment for flow-limiting atherosclerosis;
however, this strategy is limited by pathological vascular remodeling. Using a systems
approach, we identified a role for the network hub gene glutathione peroxidase-1
(GPX1) in pathological remodeling following human blood vessel
stenting. Constitutive deletion of Gpx1 in atherosclerotic mice
recapitulated this phenotype of increased vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation
and plaque formation. In an independent patient cohort, gene variant pair analysis
identified an interaction of GPX1 with the orphan protooncogene receptor
tyrosine kinase ROS1. A meta-analysis of the only genome-wide association
studies of human neointima-induced in-stent stenosis confirmed the association of the
ROS1 variant with pathological remodeling. Decreased GPX1 expression in
atherosclerotic mice led to reductive stress via a time-dependent increase in glutathione,
corresponding to phosphorylation of the ROS1 kinase activation site Y2274. Loss of
GPX1 function was associated with both oxidative and reductive stress,
the latter driving ROS1 activity via s-glutathiolation of critical
residues of the ROS1 tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2. ROS1 inhibition with crizotinib and
deglutathiolation of SHP-2 abolished GPX1-mediated increases in VSMC proliferation while
leaving endothelialization intact. Our results indicate that GPX1-dependent alterations in
oxido-reductive stress promote ROS1 activation and mediate vascular remodeling. 相似文献
45.
Melissa K. Deck Erica S. Anderson Rebecca J. Buckner Georgia Colasante Thomas E. Davis James M. Coull Benjamin Crystal Phyllis Della Latta Martin Fuchs Deanna Fuller Will Harris Kevin Hazen Lisa L. Klimas Daniel Lindao Michelle C. Meltzer Margie Morgan Janeen Shepard Sharon Stevens Fann Wu Mark J. Fiandaca 《Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease》2014
The performance of a diagnostic method for detection and identification of Enterococcus spp. directly from positive blood culture was evaluated in a clinical study. The method, Enterococcus QuickFISH BC, is a second-generation peptide nucleic acid (PNA) fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test, which uses a simplified, faster assay procedure. The test uses fluorescently labeled PNA probes targeting 16S rRNA to differentiate Enterococcus faecalis from other Enterococcus spp. by the color of the cellular fluorescence. Three hundred fifty-six routine blood culture samples were tested; only 2 discordant results were recorded. The sensitivities for detection of Enterococcus faecalis and non-faecalis Enterococcus were 100% (106/106) and 97.0% (65/67), respectively, and the combined specificity of the assay was 100%. The combined positive and negative predictive values of the assay were 100% (171/171) and 98.9% (185/187), respectively. 相似文献
46.
2 patients with Sézary syndrome were treated with levamisole. Both patients had clinical and hematological evidence of acceleration of their disease and ultimately died, although 1 patient had improvement in skin test reactivity. We suggest that levamisole be used with caution, if at all, in patients with T-lymphocyte malignancies. 相似文献
47.
The authors argue that for risky medical treatment decisions, conventional utility assessment techniques are inadequate due to their emphasis on unrealistic risk magnitudes and sure consequences, leading to assessment questions that are unfamiliar to most patients, have little educational value, and do not reliably extend to the application at hand. As an alternative, medical utility assessments should be performed in a continuous-risk domain with risk levels matching those of the actual decision problem. In support of this position, the authors describe an empirical study that compares the responses of subjects under a conventional assessment protocol with those of subjects under a continuous-risk utility assessment protocol. Preliminary results show that conventional assessment protocols result in significantly lower estimates of the degrees of risk aversion compared with a more realistic continuous-risk protocol. 相似文献
48.
How can our military surgeons be optimally prepared for their roles in the combat setting? The recent training assignment of military surgeons to urban trauma centers is a necessary first step toward this elusive goal, although not conclusive preparation for carrying out surgery in a combat theater. The multiple dimensions of difference between combat and peacetime medical practice require continuing emphasis. 相似文献
49.
Isolation of a human myocardial cytosolic phospholipase A2 isoform. Fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopic and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography identification of choline and ethanolamine glycerophospholipid substrates. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Recent studies have demonstrated the existence of a novel family of calcium-independent plasmalogen-selective phospholipases A2 in canine myocardium that have been implicated as enzymic mediators of ischemic membrane damage. We now report that human myocardium contains two functionally distinct isoforms of cytosolic calcium-independent phospholipase A2. The major cytosolic phospholipase A2 isoform preferentially hydrolyzes plasmalogen substrate, possesses a pH optimum of 7.0, and is chromatographically resolvable from a minor cytosolic calcium-independent phospholipase A2 isoform that hydrolyzes plasmenylcholine and phosphatidylcholine substrates at similar rates and possesses a pH optimum of 8.5. The major cytosolic calcium-independent phospholipase A2 isoform was identified as a 40-kD polypeptide after its 182,000-fold purification by sequential column chromatographies to a final specific activity of 67 mumol/mg.min. The purified 40-kD human myocardial phospholipase A2 preferentially hydrolyzes plasmalogens containing arachidonic acid at the sn-2 position. Both reverse-phase HPLC and fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopic analysis of human myocardial ethanolamine and choline glycerophospholipids demonstrated that plasmenylethanolamine and plasmenylcholine molecular species containing arachidonic acid at the sn-2 position are prominent constituents of human myocardium. Collectively, these results identify and characterize the major human myocardial cytosolic calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity, demonstrate the presence of functionally distinct human myocardial cytosolic calcium-independent phospholipase A2 isoforms, and document the abundance of arachidonoylated plasmalogen molecular species in human myocardium that serve as substrates. 相似文献
50.