~(99)Tc~m-MIBI显像在非霍奇金淋巴瘤化疗疗效评价中的价值

目的探讨99Tcm-MIBI显像在非霍奇金淋巴瘤疗效评价及提示预后方面的临床价值。方法对20例非霍奇金淋巴瘤病人于化疗前后分别行99Tcm-MIBI早期(10 min)与延迟(120 min)双时相显像,计算每例病人早期摄取率(EUR)、延迟期摄取率(DUR)及洗脱率(WR%)并进行比较。对99Tcm-MIBI显像结果进行疗效评价。平均随访时间34个月。结果 8例病人化疗后99Tcm-MIBI显像阴性,达完全缓解(CR)。12例病人化疗后99Tcm-MIBI显像阳性,其中4例达部分缓解(PR),2例处于稳定(SD)状态,6例进展(PD)。将病人分为化疗有效组(CR+PR)12例,疗效不佳组(SD+PD)8例。20例病人化疗后DUR明显低于化疗前(1.2±0.7∶2.9±1.2,P0.05)。化疗有效组与疗效不佳组相比,前者化疗前的DUR值高于后者(2.9±1.2∶1.5±0.9,P0.05),WR%低于后者(21.9±2.4∶42.7±5.6,P0.05),而前者化疗后的DUR值低于后者(1.0±0.2∶2.0±0.3,P0.05)。结论 99Tcm-MIBI作为一种功能性显像,有助于预测、评价非霍奇金淋巴瘤病人的疗效及预后。     

伴皮质及脑膜强化的低渗性脑病二例

目的探讨伴皮质及脑膜强化低渗性脑病的病史、临床特征、病理机制、鉴别诊断和临床意义。方法分析2例伴皮质及脑膜强化的低渗性脑病患者的病史、临床表现、实验室资料、鉴别诊断和疗效。结果 2例患者均存在诱发低钠血症的病史,以意识内容改变起病,随后抽搐、昏迷。实验室检查均无明显异常。头颅磁共振均存在皮质及相邻脑膜强化。激素治疗后,1例患者症状明显改善。结论临床以意识改变起病,随后抽搐、意识水平改变,影像学出现皮质及脑膜强化的患者,应排除低渗性脑病。     

Role of miR-511 in the Regulation of OATP1B1 Expression by Free Fatty Acid

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of non-coding RNA that are able to adjust the expression of many proteins, including ATP-binding cassette transporter and organic cation transporter. We sought to evaluate the effect of miR-511 on the regulation of OATP1B1 expression by free fatty acids. When using free fatty acids to stimulate Chang liver cells, we found that the expression of miR-511 increased significantly while the expression of OATP1B1 decreased. We also proved that SLCO1B1 is the target gene of miR-511 with a bioinformatics analysis and using the dual luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, the expressions of SLCO1B1 and OATP1B1 decreased if transfecting Chang liver cells with miR-511, but did not increase when transfecting the inhibitors of miR-511 into steatosis cells. Our study indicates that miR-511 may play an important role in the regulation of OATP1B1 expression by free fatty acids.     

基于纳滤技术的消癌平注射液中的钾离子去除工艺优化

目的优选消癌平注射液中钾离子去除工艺。方法以钾离子的去除和有效成分绿原酸的保留为指标,比较3种不同截留分子量的纳滤膜钾离子含有量,钾离子分析采用火焰原子吸收分光光度计和绿原酸分析采用HPLC。结果300~500 Da及600~800 Da纳滤膜钾离子去除可以控制在220μg/m L以下,300~500 Da纳滤膜绿原酸的损失低于7%,而600~800 Da纳滤膜绿原酸的损失接近20%。结论 300~500 Da纳滤膜可有效降低消癌平注射液中钾离子和保留大部分的绿原酸,其工艺可行性好。     

芪参益气滴丸联合尼可地尔治疗不稳定型心绞痛疗效观察

目的探讨芪参益气滴丸(黄芪、丹参、三七、降香)联合尼可地尔对不稳定型心绞痛患者的疗效。方法将86例患者随机分为对照组(尼可地尔片)和治疗组(芪参益气滴丸联合尼可地尔片),治疗4周后观察对心绞痛疗效、心电图和血脂的影响。结果治疗组临床总有效率为93.02%,心电图总有效率为95.35%;对照组依次为79.07%和81.40%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01);此外,治疗组可降低总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)的密度和升高高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平,且与对照组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。结论在常规药物治疗基础上加用芪参益气滴丸治疗不稳定型心绞痛能取得更满意的临床效果。     

A molecular signature for the prediction of recurrence in colorectal cancer

Background

Several clinical and pathological factors have an impact on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), but they are not yet adequate for risk assessment. We aimed to identify a molecular signature that can reliably identify CRC patients at high risk for recurrence.

Results

Two hundred eighty-one CRC samples (stage II/III) were included in this study. A two-step gene expression profiling study was conducted. First, gene expression measurements from 81 fresh frozen CRC samples were obtained using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Arrays. Second, a focused gene expression assay, including prognostic genes and genes of interest from literature reviews, was performed using 200 fresh frozen samples and a Taqman low-density array (TLDA) analysis. An optimal 31-gene expression classifier for the prediction of recurrence among patients with stage II/III CRC was developed using logistic regression analysis. This gene expression signature classified 58.5% of patients as low-risk and 41.5% as high-risk (P < 0.001). The signature was the strongest independent prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis. The five-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rates for the low-risk patients and the high-risk patients were 88.5% and 41.3% (P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion

We identified a 31-gene expression signature that is closely associated with the clinical outcome of stage II/III CRC patients.     

Circulating and disseminated tumor cells from breast cancer patient-derived xenograft-bearing mice as a novel model to study metastasis

Introduction

Real-time monitoring of biologic changes in tumors may be possible by investigating the transitional cells such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow (BM-DTCs). However, the small numbers of CTCs and the limited access to bone marrow aspirates in cancer patients pose major hurdles. The goal of this study was to determine whether breast cancer (BC) patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice could provide a constant and renewable source of CTCs and BM-DTCs, thereby representing a unique system for the study of metastatic processes.

Methods

CTCs and BM-DTCs, isolated from BC PDX-bearing mice, were identified by immunostaining for human pan-cytokeratin and nuclear counterstaining of red blood cell-lysed blood and bone marrow fractions, respectively. The rate of lung metastases (LM) was previously reported in these lines. Associations between the presence of CTCs, BM-DTCs, and LM were assessed by the Fisher’s Exact and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests. Two separate genetic signatures associated with the presence of CTC clusters and with lung metastatic potential were computed by using the expression arrays of primary tumors from different PDX lines and subsequently overlapped to identify common genes.

Results

In total, 18 BC PDX lines were evaluated. CTCs and BM-DTCs, present as either single cells or clusters, were detected in 83% (15 of 18) and 62.5% (10 to16) of the lines, respectively. A positive association was noted between the presence of CTCs and BM-DTCs within the same mice. LM was previously found in 9 of 18 (50%) lines, of which all nine had detectable CTCs. The presence of LM was strongly associated with the detection of CTC clusters but not with individual cells or detection of BM-DTCs. Overlapping of the two genetic signatures of the primary PDX tumors associated with the presence of CTC clusters and with lung metastatic potential identified four genes (HLA-DP1A, GJA1, PEG3, and XIST). This four-gene profile predicted distant metastases-free survival in publicly available datasets of early BC patients.

Conclusion

This study suggests that CTCs and BM-DTCs detected in BC PDX-bearing mice may represent a valuable and unique preclinical model for investigating the role of these rare cells in tumor metastases.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0508-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Elevated peripheral blood lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio predicts a favorable prognosis in the patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Introduction:Patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have variable survival outcomes. We have previously shown that an elevated peripheral blood lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) is as...