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41.
Abnormal spontaneous firing of primary sensory neurons is considered to be a cause of neuropathic pain. However, pathogenic mechanisms of hyperexcitable sensory neurons in neuropathic model animals are unclear. We examined effects of chronic treatment of nerve growth factor (NGF), one of candidate mediators for the pathogenesis, on excitability of sensory neurons by voltage-clamped recording in a cell-attached configuration. From rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons cultured without NGF, only stable holding currents without spontaneous firing activity were recorded. On the other hand, more than 20% neurons cultured in the presence of NGF for more than 3 days showed spontaneous current spikes at frequencies between 0.1 and 5 Hz. Each spikes had an initial inward phase followed by the outward phase, resulted from spontaneous transient depolarization followed by transient hyperpolarization. These spontaneous spikes were abolished by tetrodotoxin, lidocaine and reduction of extracellular concentration of Na+ from 154 mM to 100 mM, in all-or-none fashion, suggesting that spontaneous current spikes reflected spontaneous action potentials. From these results, it became evident that DRG neurons of adult rats had a nature to respond to NGF and obtained the abnormal hyperexcitability to fire spontaneously. 相似文献
42.
Koyama C Matsumoto H Sakai T Wakabayashi K Ito A Couch EF Inoue K 《Endocrine pathology》1995,6(1):67-75
A new cell line (TtT/GF) established from a murine pituitary thyrotropic tumor having characteristics similar to those of
pituitary folliculo-stellate cell (FS cell) was implanted into nude mice together with cells from a rat pituitary somatotrophic
tumor cell line (MtT/S) to determine whether the former enhances pituitary tumor growth. For as long as 2-3 mo after implantation,
MtT/S cells implanted either alone or together with fibroblasts formed either no tumors or only very small tumors in the nude
mice. In contrast all of the nude mice that had received MtT/S cells implanted together with TtT/GF cells developed large
tumors. Furthermore, the mice bearing the MtT/S and TtT/GF implants showed a significantly higher body weight and serum growth
hormone level than those bearing only MtT/S cells or a combination of MtT/S cells and fibroblasts. The TtT/GF cell line itself
had no tumorigenicity during the experimental period. Therefore, the TtT/GF cell line as a model of FS cells enhanced pituitary
endocrine cell tumor formation. Additionally, immunocytochemistry showed that TtT/GF cells positive for glial fibrillary acidic
protein (GFAP) or S-100 protein were present in the parenchymatous tissue elements or connective tissue surrounding the tumor
nests. In the parenchymatous tissue, the TtT/GF cells exhibited a stellate appearance and surrounded neighboring tumor cells
with their long cell processes. These results suggest that TtT/GF cells can serve as a model for pituitary FS cells, and are
capable of stimulating pituitary tumor growth either by modifying the microenvironment or producing growth factors. 相似文献
43.
Development of a 5' fluorogenic nuclease-based real-time PCR assay for quantitative detection of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Yoshida A Suzuki N Nakano Y Oho T Kawada M Koga T 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2003,41(2):863-866
A 5' nuclease TaqMan PCR was developed for the quantitative detection of the periodontopathic bacteria Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The relative numbers of bacteria were measured by the comparative threshold cycle method. This simplified method is a way of obtaining the relative quantities of these organisms from specimens and of monitoring the effect of therapy. 相似文献
44.
Akihiro Yamamoto Takushi Naroda Susumu Kagawa Yoshihumi Umaki Yasumi Shintani Toshiaki Sano Hironobu Sasano 《Endocrine pathology》1993,4(3):165-168
A case of DOC-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma in a 66-year-old man is reported. He had hypertension, hypokalemia, suppressed PRA, and excessive serum levels of DOC. His serum aldosterone level was normal. The resected adrenal mass weighed 230 g. Histologically, the tumor was mainly composed of compact cells associated with necrosis and atypical mitoses. Invasion of venous structure, sinusoids, and capsule was also present. Immunohistochemically, P450 C21 (21 -hydroxylase) was positive in many tumor cells, and P450 C17(17 α-hydroxylase) was intensely positive in a relatively small number of tumor cells. The patient died 9 months after operation due to rupture of metastatic liver tumor.Endocr Pathol 4:165–168, 1993. 相似文献
45.
Actin assembly is a crucial factor for superoxide anion generation from adherent human eosinophils 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Suzuki M Kato M Hanaka H Izumi T Morikawa A 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2003,112(1):126-133
BACKGROUND: Cellular adhesion is crucial for eosinophil effector functions. OBJECTIVE: We sought to elucidate the role of the actin cytoskeleton in cellular adhesion and superoxide anion generation by human eosinophils. METHODS: Eosinophils were stimulated with platelet-activating factor (PAF) or complement component 5a on human serum albumin-coated plates with or without an actin-polymerization inhibitor, cytochalasin B (CB), or cytochalasin D (CD). Superoxide anion generation was measured on the basis of reduction of absorbance associated with cytochrome c.2 Eosinophil adhesion was assessed on the basis of eosinophil protein X content in adherent cells. Transient stimulus-induced increase of intracellular calcium and translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) betaII, PKC delta, PKC zeta, and p47 phagocyte oxidase (a component of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase) were also investigated. RESULTS: CB, CD, or antibodies against CD18 (the beta2 chain of integrin, alphaMbeta2) inhibited stimulus-induced eosinophil superoxide anion generation. Stimulus-induced eosinophil adhesion was unaltered by CB, whereas it was significantly suppressed by CD or anti-CD18 antibodies. Transient PAF-induced intracellular calcium increase was also unaffected by CB or CD, but stimulus-induced eosinophil shape changes and translocation of PKCs and p47 phagocyte oxidase to the cell membrane region were completely inhibited by CB. PAF-induced eosinophil degranulation was inhibited by CB, CD, or anti-CD18 antibodies, whereas complement component 5-induced degranulation was not suppressed by CB. CONCLUSION: By itself, beta2 integrin-dependent cellular adhesion is not sufficient for promoting eosinophil effector function. Adequate actin assembly is required for eosinophil adhesion and also for full superoxide anion generation in eosinophils. 相似文献
46.
Use of the genomic subtractive hybridization technique to develop a real-time PCR assay for quantitative detection of Prevotella spp. in oral biofilm samples 下载免费PDF全文
Nagashima S Yoshida A Suzuki N Ansai T Takehara T 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2005,43(6):2948-2951
Genomic subtractive hybridization was used to design Prevotella nigrescens-specific primers and TaqMan probes. Based on this technique, a TaqMan real-time PCR assay was developed for quantifying four oral black-pigmented Prevotella species. The combination of real-time PCR and genomic subtractive hybridization is useful for preparing species-specific primer-probe sets for closely related species. 相似文献
47.
A medaka gene map: the trace of ancestral vertebrate proto-chromosomes revealed by comparative gene mapping 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16 下载免费PDF全文
The mapping of Hox clusters and many duplicated genes in zebrafish indicated an extra whole-genome duplication in ray-fined fish. However, to reconstruct the preduplication chromosomes (proto-chromosomes), the comparative genomic studies of more distantly related teleosts are essential. Medaka and zebrafish are ideal for this purpose, because their lineages separated from their last common ancestor approximately 140 million years ago. To reconstruct ancient vertebrate chromosomes, including the chromosomes of the vertebrate ancestor of humans from 450 million years ago, we mapped 818 genes and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) on a single meiotic backcross panel obtained from inbred strains of the medaka, Oryzias latipes. Comparisons of linkage relationships of orthologous genes among three species of vertebrates (medaka, zebrafish, and human) indicate the number and content of the chromosomes of the last common ancestor of ray-fined fish and lobe-fined fish (including humans), and the extra whole genome duplication event in the ray-fin lineage occurred in the common ancestor of perhaps all teleosts. 相似文献
48.
Sakai Y Hosaka M Yoshinaga A Hira Y Harumi T Watanabe T 《Archives of histology and cytology》2004,67(1):57-64
Secretogranin III (SgIII), a member of the granin protein family, is expressed specifically in neuronal and endocrine cells. To examine the precise localization of SgIII in the endocrine pancreas, pancreatic tissues of rats were analyzed immunocytochemically with a polyclonal anti-serum raised against rat SgIII. By light microscopy of semithin sections, the immunoreactivity for SgIII was readily detected in pancreatic A- and B-cells, faintly so in D-cells, and not at all in the exocrine pancreas. By immunoelectron microscopy, immunogold particles indicative of SgIII were observed in the peripheral regions of secretory granules, and universally in the pancreatic endocrine cells. Morphometrical analyses indicated that SgIII is most preferentially localized in the periphery of the secretory granule among granins. These findings suggest that SgIII is closely associated with the secretory granule membrane, serving to anchor the aggregates of other soluble constituents to the membrane. 相似文献
49.
Mori N Krensky AM Geleziunas R Wada A Hirayama T Sasakawa C Yamamoto N 《Infection and immunity》2003,71(7):3748-3756
50.
Fibronectin activates matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion via the MEK1-MAPK and the PI3K-Akt pathways in ovarian cancer cells 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Thant AA Nawa A Kikkawa F Ichigotani Y Zhang Y Sein TT Amin AR Hamaguchi M 《Clinical & experimental metastasis》2000,18(5):423-428
Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix appears to trigger a cascade of intracellular signalings. We have previously shown
that treatment of ovarian cancer cells, NOM1, with fibronectin (FN) stimulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 secretion
and thereby activated the invasiveness of cells via the FAK/Ras signaling pathway. By use of chemical inhibitors, we investigated
the downstream effectors critical for FN-dependent secretion of MMP-9. Treatment of cells with MEK1 inhibitors, U0126 and
PD98059, dramatically suppressed the secretion of MMP-9 activated by FN. Similarly, PI-3 kinase inhibitors, Wortmannin and
LY294002, strongly suppressed the FN-dependent secretion of MMP-9 together with the inhibition of Akt activation. In contrast,
a specific PKC inhibitor (GF109203X) showed no inhibitory effect on the FN-dependent MMP-9 secretion. Moreover, we found that
both the MEK1 inhibitor and the PI3-K inhibitor, but not the PKC inhibitor, strongly suppressed the invasiveness of NOM1 cells.
Taken together, our results suggest that activation of dual signaling pathways, MEK1-MAPK and PI3K-Akt, is required for the
FN-dependent activation of MMP-9 secretion. Our results suggest the importance of these signaling molecules as a chemotherapeutic
target for cancer.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献