超声联合Ki67分析Graves病患者131I治疗后甲亢未愈或复发的相关因素

目的 应用超声新技术及Ki67等指标研究与Graves病（GD）患者131I治疗后甲亢未愈或复发的相关因素。方法 研究2020年1月~2021年11月在我院核医学科接受131I治疗的GD患者89例。随访结局分为甲状腺功能亢进（甲亢）未愈或复发、早发甲状腺功能减退（早发甲减）和甲状腺功能正常或失随访。131I治疗后1个月为随访开始,每位患者最长随访时间为1年。治疗前应用三维超声自动测量技术、剪切波弹性成像技术和超声引导下细针穿刺抽吸技术,获取患者甲状腺容积、腺体剪切波弹性值和滤泡上皮细胞Ki67表达情况。并纳入年龄、病程、用药史、131I治疗剂量、TRAb等因素。应用竞争风险模型分析患者发生甲亢未愈或复发的相关因素并计算其调整风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（95% CI）。结果 在89例GD患者中,出现甲亢未愈或复发的患者有27例,早发甲减患者有50例,甲状腺功能恢复正常的患者1例,失随访11例。竞争风险模型分析显示Ki67表达、131I治疗剂量及甲状腺容积与治疗后甲亢未愈或复发存在独立关联,其HR（95% CI）分别为0.36（0.15,0.86）、0.81（0.68,0.96）和1.11（1.07,1.15）。结论 Graves病患者甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞Ki67表达阳性、131I治疗剂量及甲状腺容积与131I治疗后甲亢未愈或复发存在独立关联。超声新技术可以在评估GD患者131I治疗结局中发挥重要作用。     

Surgery for Hepatolithiasis: Single Center Experience of 12 Patients

Hellenic Journal of Surgery - Hepatolithiasis is the presence of stones within the intrahepatic bile ducts, regardless of common bile duct and gallbladder stones. It is rarely seen in our country...     

Neurotoxic effects of lambda‐cyhalothrin modulated by piperonyl butoxide in the brain of Oreochromis niloticus

The objective of this research was to investigate the neurotoxic effects of pyrethroid pesticide lambda‐cyhalothrin by the modulation of cytochrome P450 with piperonyl butoxide in the brain of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus. The fish were exposed to 0.48 μg L^?1 (1/6 of the 96‐h LC₅₀) lambda‐cyhalothrin and 10 μg L^?1 piperonyl butoxide for 96 h and 15 days. tGSH, GSSG, TBARS contents, GPx, GR, GST, and AChE enzymes activities were determined by spectrophotometrical methods and Hsp70 content was analyzed by ELISA technique. Lambda‐cyhalothrin had no significant effect on the components of GSH redox system, lipid peroxidation and Hsp70 levels but inhibited AChE activity. In the presence of piperonyl butoxide, lambda‐cyhalothrin caused increases in tGSH, GSSG, TBARS and Hsp70 contents, GST activity, and decrease in AChE activity. Present results showed that in the presence of piperonyl butoxide, lambda‐cyhalothrin caused neurotoxic effects by increasing oxidative stress. Adaptation to its oxidative stress effects may be supplied by GSH‐related antioxidant system. Piperonyl butoxide revealed neurotoxic effect of lambda‐cyhalothrin. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 1275–1282, 2014.     

Organic insecticide spinosad causes in vivo oxidative effects in the brain of Oreochromis niloticus

Spinosad is an organic insecticide derived from a naturally occurring soil bacterium and is used in organic farming worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo toxic effects of spinosad in the brain of Oreochromis niloticus as a model organism. The fish were exposed to sublethal spinosad concentrations (25, 50, 75 mg L^?1) for 24–48–72 h to determine tGSH, GSH, GSSG, and TBARS contents, GSH/GSSG ratio, and GPx, GR, GST enzymes activities using spectrophotometrical methods, and Hsp70 content by an ELISA technique. Spinosad caused elevations in the contents of tGSH, GSH, GSSG, Hsp70, and reductions in the ratio of GSH/GSSG and GPx activity and an induction in the GR activity. The results indicated that spinosad had oxidative effects in the brain tissue by altering the parameters in GSH‐related antioxidant system and Hsp70. It was also suggested that spinosad‐induced free‐radicals were eliminated by GSH‐related antioxidant system in the brain of Oreochromis niloticus. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 253–260, 2014.     

2014—2020年上海市松江区登革热流行病学特征分析

目的    分析上海市松江区登革热流行病学特征,为登革热防治提供科学依据。方法    通过国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统获得2014—2020年松江区登革热病例信息,用描述性流行病学方法分析病例的发病时间、空间、人群分布等流行病学特征。结果    2014—2020年松江区累计报告登革热病例20例,均为输入性病例,无本地病例发生;无死亡病例。主要来自东南亚,占所有报告病例的95.0%（19/20）。时间分布呈单峰,以7—8月为高峰。男女性别比为4[∶]1,发病年龄中位数37岁,以青壮年为主（65.0%）。职业以公司职员（35.0%）、商业服务人员（20.0%）和工人（20.0%）为主。全区15个街道（镇）中7个有登革热病例报告。20例病例发病到确诊的时间间隔中位数为6 d。实验室检测检出DENV-1型和DENV-2型,以DENV-2型为主（71.4%）。结论    上海市松江区登革热疫情以输入性病例为主,有明显的季节性。登革热疫情防控的重点是严防输入,控制本地疫情的发生与流行。     

A new surgical technique for adenoid cystic carcinoma involving tracheal carina

Reported is the successful treatment of a 24-year-old male with adenocystic carcinoma involving the tracheal carina, in which the tumor extended along the right main bronchus across the orifice of the right upper lobe. The patient underwent a carinal resection plus right upper lobectomy and reconstruction of the carina, resulting in neither anastomotic complication nor recurrence of disease during 28 months of follow-up.     

Total thyroidectomy en bloc or not? prospective,randomized clinical trial: Cerrahpasa experience

Aim-Background

While significant changes in the last century have enabled safe and effective total thyroidectomy, the utility and reliability of techniques for patients with benign diseases is debatable. The purpose of this study was to compare the complication rates of division of the isthmus vs. non-division in thyroid surgery performed for bilateral multinodular goiter by experienced endocrine surgeons. To the best of our knowledge, no such study has been published in the literature to date.

Methods

This prospective study includes 60 consecutive serial patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to a thyroidectomy technique by the arbitrary draw from a bag of paper tags marked as ‘U’ (thyroidectomy without dividing the isthmus) classified as Group 1 or ‘D’ (thyroidectomy by dividing the isthmus) as Group 2. Patients in Group 1 (n=30) had a total thyroidectomy without dividing the isthmus (en bloc), patients in Group 2 (n=30) had total thyroidectomy by dividing the isthmus.

Results

Postoperative serum mean calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, operation period, visual analogue pain score and recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis did not differ between the groups. Permanent hypocalcaemia and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis were not observed in either group, but total morbidity in Group 1 was higher (p=0.038). Postoperative PTH levels were significantly lower than preoperative PTH levels in both groups; (respectively, p=0.007, p=0.011). No surgical mortality was recorded.

Conclusion

Thyroidectomy without dividing the isthmus can be qualified as a safe and applicable surgical method.     

The beneficial effects of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid following oxidative and neuronal damage in brain tissue caused by global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in a C57BL/J6 mouse model

This study investigated the effects of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) on neuronal damage in brain tissue caused by global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in C57BL/J6 mice. All subjects (n = 40) were equally divided into four groups: (1) sham-operated (SH), (2) I/R, (3) GA, and (4) GA+I/R. The SH group was used as a control. In the I/R group, the bilateral carotid arteries were clipped for 15 min, and the mice were treated with the vehicle for 10 days. In the GA group, mice were given GA (100 mg/kg) for 10 days following a median incision without carotid occlusion. In the GA+I/R group, the I/R model was applied to the mice exactly as in the I/R group, and they were then treated with the same dose of GA for 10 days. Cerebral I/R significantly induced oxidative stress via an increase in lipid peroxidaitons and a decrease in elements of the antioxidant defense systems. However, GA treatment was protective against the oxidative effects of I/R by inducing significant increases in antioxidant defense systems and a significant decrease of lipid peroxidations. Additionally, cerebral I/R increased the incidence of histopathological damage and apoptosis in brain tissue, but these neurodegenerative effects were eliminated by GA treatment. Therefore, the current study demonstrated that GA treatment effectively prevents oxidative and histological damage in the brain caused by global I/R. In this context, GA may be useful for the attenuation of the negative effects of global cerebral I/R and, in the future, it may be a viable and safe alternative treatment for ischemic stroke in humans.