胃肠道无线内窥镜中可吞服摄像药丸的研究

介绍无线摄像药丸直径11mm,长30 mm,包括CMOS图像传感器、光学系统、电池、发射电路及天线等.利用MEMS工艺将CMOS图像传感器和驱动电路微型化,也可将发射电路集成化.图像信号有模拟和数字两种传输方式.数字方式使用串行数据接口传输图像.最后介绍药丸外壳的加工工艺.     

儿童体外循环内源性类洋地黄物质变化

目的 探讨内源性类洋地黄物质与儿童心功能之间的关系及其在体外循环期间变化的临床意义。方法 80例先天性心脏病患儿根据心功能分级分为4组，按先天性心脏病分类分为2组，于术前，主动脉阻断后，转流30min，心脏复苏后和术后24h测定血浆EDLS浓度。结果 (1)儿童血浆EDLS浓度在心功能代偿期与正常对照组无显著性差异，而心功能不全各级分别显著高于正常组，并随心功能不全程度加重而增加；(2)体外循环期间以循环阻断后EDLS浓度最低，随着心脏复苏EDLS浓度逐渐升高，至术后24h EDLS浓度恢复至术前水平；(3)青紫型先天性心脏病与非青紫型先天性心脏病比EDLS血清浓度有显著性差异，而转流期间变化不大。结论 (1)EDLS血浆浓度与心功能不全的严重程度呈密切相关，成为维持心脏功能代偿的因素之一；(2)EDLS随容量负荷增加而增加；(3)儿童心脏病术后适当应用洋地黄制剂是安全的。     

Predictors of treatment acceptance and completion in anorexia nervosa: implications for future study designs

CONTEXT: There have been very few randomized controlled treatment studies of anorexia nervosa. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors leading to nonacceptance and noncompletion of treatment for 2 specific therapies and their combination in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. DESIGN: Randomized prospective study. SETTING: Weill-Cornell Medical Center, White Plains, NY; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; and Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.Patients One hundred twenty-two patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for anorexia nervosa. INTERVENTIONS: Treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy, fluoxetine hydrochloride, or their combination for 1 year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dropout rate and acceptance of treatment (defined as staying in treatment at least 5 weeks). RESULTS: Of the 122 randomized cases, 21 (17%) were withdrawn; the overall dropout rate was 46% (56/122) in the remaining patients. Treatment acceptance occurred in 89 (73%) of the 122 randomized cases. Of the 41 assigned to medication alone, acceptance occurred in 23 (56%). In the other 2 groups, acceptance rate was differentiated by high and low obsessive preoccupation scores (rates of 91% and 60%, respectively). The only predictor of treatment completion was high self-esteem, which was associated with a 51% rate of treatment acceptance. CONCLUSION: Acceptance of treatment and relatively high dropout rates pose a major problem for research in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. Differing characteristics predict dropout rates and acceptance, which need to be carefully studied before comparative treatment trials are conducted.     

Global fibrinolytic capacity in children on dialysis

Disturbances of coagulation and fibrinolysis have been reported in patients with chronic uremia. Studies of different coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters in regularly dialyzed patients have yielded conflicting results. Global fibrinolytic capacity (GFC) examines the function of the entire fibrinolytic system. This assay is a sensitive and reliable method for evaluating the fibrinolytic function of plasma in vitro. In this study, GFC was used as a screening test to investigate the effects of two different dialysis modalities on the fibrinolytic system on children on long-term dialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 12 children (age range, 11-20 years; mean age, 15.9+/-3.3 years) who were undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD) and 12 children (age range, 10-15 years; mean age, 13.1+/-1.7 years) who were undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Thirteen healthy age- and sex-matched subjects served as controls. Each sample was investigated for complete blood count and serum levels of C-reactive protein, serum electrolytes, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fibrinogen, total protein and albumin. A GFC assay was also done in each case. RESULTS: The mean GFC in the CAPD group was lower than that in the HD and control groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the mean GFC values of HD patients and controls. The mean serum albumin level was lower in CAPD patients than in HD patients (p<0.05), and there was also a positive correlation between serum albumin level and GFC in patient groups(r=0.52, p<0.05). Global fibrinolytic capacity was positively correlated with hemoglobin level and negatively correlated with weekly erythropoietin dose per kg body weight (r=0.56 and r=-0.49, respectively; p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that CAPD patients have decreased fibrinolytic capacity compared to HD patients. Hypoalbuminemia and erythropoietin treatment may contribute to suppression of fibrinolytic function CAPD patients.     

Report of the National Institutes of Health workshop on overcoming barriers to treatment research in anorexia nervosa

OBJECTIVE: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with serious medical morbidity and has the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric disorders. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Workshop on Overcoming Barriers to Treatment Research in Anorexia Nervosa convened on September 26-27, 2002 to address the dearth of treatment research in this area. The goals of this workshop were to discuss the stages of illness and illness severity, pharmacologic interventions, psychological interventions, and methodologic considerations. METHOD: The program consisted of a series of brief presentations by moderators, each followed by a discussion of the topic by workshop participants, facilitated by the session chair. RESULTS: This report summarizes the major discussions of these sessions and concludes with a set of recommendations related to the development of treatment research in AN based on these findings. DISCUSSION: It is crucial that treatment research in this area be prioritized.     

Private high school students are at risk for bulimic pathology

The objective of this study was to assess whether private high school students constitute a group that is at high risk for eating pathology. Female and male public and private high school students ( N = 465) were compared on self-reported eating disordered attitudes and behaviors. Private high school students reported elevated eating disordered attitudes and behaviors when compared with students from public schools. The results were somewhat stronger for females than males. The findings suggest that private high school students are a group at high risk for eating pathology. The identification of such high risk groups may facilitate etiologic stqudies and aid in the implementation of targeted prevention programs.     

中国20个少数民族青少年体质发育状况的分析

目的分析我国20个少数民族青少年体质发育状况。方法利用与体质发育密切相关的生长发育指标(身高、体重、胸围、肺活量和身体质量指数)作20个民族间的聚类分析。结果20个民族聚合成主要的三大类,各类群间的体质发育存在明显差异。结论20个民族青少年的体质发育水平整体较低。