The relationship between the dimensions of the fibres and the number of nuclei during normal growth of skeletal muscle in the domestic fowl

Between 0 and 266 days of age the weight of the pectoral and gastrocnemius muscles of chickens increased 300–600- and 40–90-fold respectively depending on the breed and sex. In both muscles the mean cross-sectional area of the fibres and the total number of nuclei (estimated from DNA determination) maintained a constant ratio during growth. This suggests that for individual fibres the cross-sectional area increased in proportion to the number of nuclei. This phenomenon is discussed in relation to current knowledge concerning the mode of growth and multinucleation of skeletal muscle fibres. In the pectoral muscle, between 0 and 266 days, the cross-sectional area of the fibres increased in proportion to the two-thirds power of the muscle weight, which suggests that the length and diameter of the fibres maintained a constant ratio. The same relationship existed for the gastrocnemius for two months, after which the fibre cross-sectional area increased in proportion to the muscle weight, which suggests that the fibre length was then constant.     

Double-blind comparison of iodipamide and lodoxamate using direct and drip infusion intravenous cholangiography.

Biliary tract opacification was assessed in a double-blind clinical study that compared iodoxamate with iodipamide. Both drip infusion and direct (bolus) intravenous cholangiography were used to administer the contrast agents. The infusion method with either agent produced better opacification than bolus administration. Regardless of method used, iodoxamate produced greater biliary tract opacification, fewer unexplained failures, and fewer contrast reactions. Neither agent was successful in patients with elevated bilirubin levels, nor did either agent alter hepatic, renal, or hematologic function.     

Long-term C-cell-mediated immunity to Epstein-Barr virus in man. II. Components necessary for regression in virus-infected leukocyte cultures.

Regression of EB-virus-induced transformation occurs exclusively in cultures of leukocytes from seropositive donors. Studies have shown that the strength of regression could be assayed in terms of the proportion of T cells which must be added to the autologous EB virus-infected T-cell-depleted population in order to establish regression in the culture. The in vitro regression phenomenon was strongly T-cell-dependent but did not require the presence of either monocytes or, as a potential antigenic stimulus, the residual viral envelope material on the surface of virus-infected B cells. The T-cell-depleted population from seropositive donors sometimes transformed (7/60 cultures) without the experimental addition of virus. Regression appeared to be independent of cytotoxic mechanisms involving anti-viral antibodies and not to be mediated by soluble factors released into culture medium.