国产麻黄的形态组织学研究——Ⅰ.北方主产的七种麻黄

据文献记载和作者的调查,我国产麻黄属(Ephedra)植物共有13种3变种1变型。本文报道我国北方生产的7种麻黄生药形态组织学比较研究结果。7种麻黄是:草麻黄Ephedra sinica Stapf、木贼麻黄E.equisetina Bunge、中麻黄E.intermedia Schrenk ex Mey.、膜果麻黄E.przewalskii Stapf,单子麻黄E.monosperma Gmel.ex Mey.、雌雄麻黄E.fedtschenkoae Pauls和细子麻黄E.reaeliana Florin。文中附有生药性状与组织构造特征比较表及生药组织图     

Estrogen Receptor-Beta Gene Polymorphism in women with Breast Cancer at the Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex,Iran

ER-alpha and ER-beta genes have been proven to play a significant role in breast cancer. Epidemiologic studies have revealed that age-incidence patterns of breast cancer in Middle East differ from those in the Western countries. Two selected coding regions in the ER-β gene (exons 3 and 7) were scanned in Iranian women with breast cancer (150) and in healthy individuals (147). PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism was performed. A site of silent single nucleotide polymorphism was found only on exon 7. The SNP was found only in breast cancer patients (5.7%) (χ² = 17.122, P = 0.01). Codon 392 (C1176G) of allele 1 was found to have direct association with the occurrence of lymph node metastasis. Our data suggest that ER-β polymorphism in exon 7 codon 392 (C1176G) is correlated with various aspects of breast cancer and lymph node metastasis in our group of patients.     

Effect of medial arch-heel support in inserts on reducing ankle eversion: a biomechanics study

Background  

Excessive pronation (or eversion) at ankle joint in heel-toe running correlated with lower extremity overuse injuries. Orthotics and inserts are often prescribed to limit the pronation range to tackle the problem. Previous studies revealed that the effect is product-specific. This study investigated the effect of medial arch-heel support in inserts on reducing ankle eversion in standing, walking and running.     

An evaluation of xeroradiographs and radiographs in length determination in endodontics

Twelve block sections of mandibles containing incisors, canines, premolars, and molars were dissected from human cadavers (total, 26 teeth). Endodontic access was achieved, and a No. 10 k-type endodontic file was inserted to a point approximately 1 to 2 mm short of the radiographic apex. By securing the mandible and Rinn instrument with plaster mounts, exposures were made from identical angles and film and jaw placement remained constant in both techniques. Conventional film images were recorded on Kodak Ultraspeed film with six to eight impulses. Xeroradiographic images were recorded with four to five impulses. Radiographs and xeroradiographs were evaluated with the use of light from a masked viewbox. A magnifying glass was used to evaluate visualization of the following entities: the root apex; the periodontal ligament; the trabecular pattern; and the measuring instruments. The images were examined and categorized by three examiners, who used the following scores: 3, optimal for diagnostic information; 2, adequate for diagnostic information; 1, poor but providing diagnostic information; and 0, unacceptably poor. In all categories examined, the information provided by xeroradiographs was significantly greater than that provided by conventional radiographs (p less than .05). In terms of diagnostic value and lower patient dose, xeroradiographs are preferred to conventional radiographs.     

Fetal heart rate patterns associated with amniotic fluid embolism

Two cases with recorded fetal heart rate response during maternal amniotic fluid embolus are reported. Fetal heart rate abnormalities can be associated with the development of amniotic fluid embolus or occur during the acute events of amniotic fluid embolus. Attention to the management of amniotic fluid embolus in the mother must not neglect the fetus. Improvement of maternal oxygenation and perfusion can effect intrauterine resuscitation; however, when this is not successful early delivery of the fetus may be necessary for its survival.