抗病毒治疗对乙型肝炎病毒感染者肾移植术后临床转归的影响

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒感染者肾移植术后临床转归及治疗对策.方法 将术前乙肝病毒标志物阳性(HBsAg阳性、HBeAg阳性或HBeAb阳性、HBV DNA阳性或阴性)的32例肾移植术后患者分为抗病毒治疗组和无抗病毒治疗组两组.观察两组(术前1周至术后9年)的肝功能(ALT、AST、TBIL、PT)变化、病毒复制(HBV DNA)及存活情况.结果 抗病毒治疗组23例患者肝功能损害复常率为82.60%,存活率为82.60%,HBV DNA(PCR法)下降(≥2 log10)或保持低复制率为86.95%;未抗病毒组9例患者肝功能损害复常率为22.22%,存活率为11.11%,HBV DNA(PeR法)下降(≥2log10)或保持低复制率为11.11%.抗病毒组肝功能复常率、存活率及HBV DNA下降或保持低复制率高于无抗病毒组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).19例拉米夫定治疗患者6例出现病毒学反弹31.58%,1例加用阿德福韦酯,2例换用恩替卡韦后好转,其余3例肝功能衰竭死亡.结论 持续有效的抗病毒治疗可以有效控制乙肝病毒复制,促进肝功能恢复,减少肝衰竭发生,提高乙肝病毒感染者肾移植术后患者存活率.在治疗过程中出现病毒学反弹应及时换用或加用有效药物减少肝衰竭发生.     

慢性乙肝患者血清趋化因子RANTES水平与肝功能生化指标等的相关性研究

Objective To investigate the level of the serum chemokine RANTES and its correlation with serum biochemical indices of liver function test, HBeAg and HBV DNA load in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (observed group) and 18 normal cases (control group) were enrolled in this study. The serum level of chemokine RANTES was detected with an ABC-ELISA assay. Statistical analysis was performed on the software of SPSS13.0. Results The serum chemokine RANTES level in the observed group (3930.12 ng/ml±2856.96) ng/ml was significantly higher than that in the control group (329.46 ng/ml±152.23) ng/ml. The results from the observed group indicated the positive correlation of serum RANTES level with indices of liver function test, including ALT (r=0. 197, P=0.018), AST(r=0.239, P=0.004) and TBil (r=0.316, P=0.001), but did not with PTA (r=-0.078, P=0.357). Neither difference of serum chemokine RANTES level between HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group nor that between high HBV DNA load group (≥105 copies/ml) and low HBV DNA load group (< 105 copies/ml) were statistically significant (P=0.407 and 0.185, respectively). Conclusions Serum chemokine RANTES level in patients with chronic hepatitis B elevates significantly and is not affected by HBeAg or HBV DNA load. Its positive correlation with indices of liver function test indicates that RANTES might play an important rule in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B.     

抗病毒治疗对乙型肝炎病毒感染者肾移植术后临床转归的影响

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒感染者肾移植术后临床转归及治疗对策.方法 将术前乙肝病毒标志物阳性(HBsAg阳性、HBeAg阳性或HBeAb阳性、HBV DNA阳性或阴性)的32例肾移植术后患者分为抗病毒治疗组和无抗病毒治疗组两组.观察两组(术前1周至术后9年)的肝功能(ALT、AST、TBIL、PT)变化、病毒复制(HBV DNA)及存活情况.结果 抗病毒治疗组23例患者肝功能损害复常率为82.60%,存活率为82.60%,HBV DNA(PCR法)下降(≥2 log10)或保持低复制率为86.95%;未抗病毒组9例患者肝功能损害复常率为22.22%,存活率为11.11%,HBV DNA(PeR法)下降(≥2log10)或保持低复制率为11.11%.抗病毒组肝功能复常率、存活率及HBV DNA下降或保持低复制率高于无抗病毒组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).19例拉米夫定治疗患者6例出现病毒学反弹31.58%,1例加用阿德福韦酯,2例换用恩替卡韦后好转,其余3例肝功能衰竭死亡.结论 持续有效的抗病毒治疗可以有效控制乙肝病毒复制,促进肝功能恢复,减少肝衰竭发生,提高乙肝病毒感染者肾移植术后患者存活率.在治疗过程中出现病毒学反弹应及时换用或加用有效药物减少肝衰竭发生.     

慢性乙肝患者血清趋化因子RANTES水平与肝功能生化指标等的相关性研究

Objective To investigate the level of the serum chemokine RANTES and its correlation with serum biochemical indices of liver function test, HBeAg and HBV DNA load in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (observed group) and 18 normal cases (control group) were enrolled in this study. The serum level of chemokine RANTES was detected with an ABC-ELISA assay. Statistical analysis was performed on the software of SPSS13.0. Results The serum chemokine RANTES level in the observed group (3930.12 ng/ml±2856.96) ng/ml was significantly higher than that in the control group (329.46 ng/ml±152.23) ng/ml. The results from the observed group indicated the positive correlation of serum RANTES level with indices of liver function test, including ALT (r=0. 197, P=0.018), AST(r=0.239, P=0.004) and TBil (r=0.316, P=0.001), but did not with PTA (r=-0.078, P=0.357). Neither difference of serum chemokine RANTES level between HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group nor that between high HBV DNA load group (≥105 copies/ml) and low HBV DNA load group (< 105 copies/ml) were statistically significant (P=0.407 and 0.185, respectively). Conclusions Serum chemokine RANTES level in patients with chronic hepatitis B elevates significantly and is not affected by HBeAg or HBV DNA load. Its positive correlation with indices of liver function test indicates that RANTES might play an important rule in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B.     

面向残疾人的汉语可视语音数据库

将人机交互领域中研究的唇读技术应用于康复工程之中,设计了一个基于视觉语言的语音合成系统。该系统特别针对后天致残,丧失语音能力的人设计,采用了一种特定条件下的汉语可视语音数据库。不同于现有的数据库,该数据库的设计具有以下特点：采用了非对称唇形轮廓模型,提取了嘴唇突出度的信息;针对汉语音节的特点,增强了汉字音节中信息变化过程;兼顾未来唇读技术的发展,以音节为基本元素,具有可扩充性。采用运动检测和数学形态学的办法提取唇动图像序列中的唇形区域,并从中提取非对称唇形轮廓模型特征参数,同时通过计算部分参数对时间的差分,来获得唇形轮廓的动态信息。基于隐马尔可夫模型的学习和识别实验表明,该数据库的设计方法合理,所选的唇动特征用能够将识别效果平均提高25%。     

慢性乙肝患者血清趋化因子RANTES水平与肝功能生化指标等的相关性研究

Objective To investigate the level of the serum chemokine RANTES and its correlation with serum biochemical indices of liver function test, HBeAg and HBV DNA load in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (observed group) and 18 normal cases (control group) were enrolled in this study. The serum level of chemokine RANTES was detected with an ABC-ELISA assay. Statistical analysis was performed on the software of SPSS13.0. Results The serum chemokine RANTES level in the observed group (3930.12 ng/ml±2856.96) ng/ml was significantly higher than that in the control group (329.46 ng/ml±152.23) ng/ml. The results from the observed group indicated the positive correlation of serum RANTES level with indices of liver function test, including ALT (r=0. 197, P=0.018), AST(r=0.239, P=0.004) and TBil (r=0.316, P=0.001), but did not with PTA (r=-0.078, P=0.357). Neither difference of serum chemokine RANTES level between HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group nor that between high HBV DNA load group (≥105 copies/ml) and low HBV DNA load group (< 105 copies/ml) were statistically significant (P=0.407 and 0.185, respectively). Conclusions Serum chemokine RANTES level in patients with chronic hepatitis B elevates significantly and is not affected by HBeAg or HBV DNA load. Its positive correlation with indices of liver function test indicates that RANTES might play an important rule in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B.     

血清乙型肝炎病毒DNA水平对HBV全基因组克隆效率的影响

目的：通过比较血清HBV DNA水平对一片段PCR法和两片段PCR法这两种不同方法的HBV全基因组克隆效率的影响，选择出合适的HBV全基因组克隆技术，供后续的HBV的基础和临床研究。 方法：采集了慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者85份血清，分别用本研究建立的一片段PCR法及两片段PCR法扩增HBV全基因组，经双酶切鉴定后将PCR产物克隆入载体，进行HBV全基因组序列测定。同时用实时荧光定量PCR法检测上述85份血清的HBV DNA滴度。 结果： 本研究建立的一片段PCR法扩增成功需要的血清HBV DNA浓度高于两片段PCR法,两种方法扩增的效率比较为：一片段PCR法扩增的阳性率低于两片段PCR法（P<0.01）。一片段PCR法的保真性和灵敏度分析发现： 保真性：核苷酸的人为突变率为1.13 bp/kb；灵敏度：为102个初始模板。浓度大于103的重组质粒DNA80%可以成功扩增，浓度低于该值的扩增效率比较低。结论： 血清HBV DNA水平对两种扩增方法的阳性率有一定影响，滴度高低是选择合适PCR扩增方法的依据。HBV DNA滴度大于106copies/L的样本，可选用一片段PCR法的全基因组扩增、克隆技术，而对HBV DNA滴度小于106copies/L样本，则可选用两片段PCR法的全基因组扩增、克隆技术。本研究建立的一片段PCR法扩增HBV全基因组克隆的技术是一种值得推荐的好方法，但还需进一步优化。     

慢性乙肝患者血清趋化因子RANTES水平与肝功能生化指标等的相关性研究

Objective To investigate the level of the serum chemokine RANTES and its correlation with serum biochemical indices of liver function test, HBeAg and HBV DNA load in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (observed group) and 18 normal cases (control group) were enrolled in this study. The serum level of chemokine RANTES was detected with an ABC-ELISA assay. Statistical analysis was performed on the software of SPSS13.0. Results The serum chemokine RANTES level in the observed group (3930.12 ng/ml±2856.96) ng/ml was significantly higher than that in the control group (329.46 ng/ml±152.23) ng/ml. The results from the observed group indicated the positive correlation of serum RANTES level with indices of liver function test, including ALT (r=0. 197, P=0.018), AST(r=0.239, P=0.004) and TBil (r=0.316, P=0.001), but did not with PTA (r=-0.078, P=0.357). Neither difference of serum chemokine RANTES level between HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group nor that between high HBV DNA load group (≥105 copies/ml) and low HBV DNA load group (< 105 copies/ml) were statistically significant (P=0.407 and 0.185, respectively). Conclusions Serum chemokine RANTES level in patients with chronic hepatitis B elevates significantly and is not affected by HBeAg or HBV DNA load. Its positive correlation with indices of liver function test indicates that RANTES might play an important rule in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B.     

全国布鲁氏菌制剂研制与应用经验交流会概况

全国布鲁氏菌制剂研制与应用经验交流会议于1984年10月31日～11月2日在重庆市召开。参加会议的有17个省、市、自治区从事布鲁氏菌生物制剂研究、生产、应用的科技人员以及有关领导,共69人。会议收到学术论文35篇,大会上宣读8篇。会议认为,建国以来,我国布鲁氏菌生物制剂从无到有,品种逐渐增多,生产工艺不断改进,为人畜布病的诊断、治疗及大面积预防作出了贡献。     

中国医疗行业工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患发生模式及其影响因素分析

  目的  调查中国医疗行业工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(work-related musculoskeletal disorders, WMSDs)发生情况,探究不同岗位不良工效学职业危害因素及WMSDs发生模式。  方法  通过《北欧肌肉骨骼疾患问卷(修改版)》电子问卷系统对中国6 854名医疗行业从业人员进行横断面调查。根据美国国家职业安全卫生研究所(National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH)判定WMSDs方法进行发生结果统计分析。应用潜类别分析(latent class analysis, LCA)对主要工种WMSDs多部位发生模式进行分析,利用logistic回归分析法确定不良工效学因素。  结果  调查样本中,不计部位的总体WMSDs发生率为56.1%。其中,医生为54.15%、护士为58.66%、护工为51.04%、技师为54.05%、药师为48.48%。根据LCA分类结果,医生与护士WMSDs发生模式主要有颈肩型和躯干型;技师主要为颈肩型;药师为颈肩型;护工主要为颈肩型和轻微疼痛型。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,颈肩型医生发生危险主要来自手腕长期弯曲(OR=1.383, P=0.036),频繁坐位工作(OR=2.110, P=0.020),工作姿势经常不舒服(OR=2.023, P=0.001);躯干型医生发生危险主要有腿部姿势受限(OR=1.413, P=0.044),频繁不舒适工作姿势(OR=4.402, P＜0.001);颈肩型护士发生危险主要来自颈部大幅度前倾(OR=2.218, P=0.024),长时间频繁坐位工作(OR=1.533, P=0.006);躯干型护士发生危险有长时间频繁坐位工作(OR=1.883, P < 0.001),频繁不舒适工作姿势(OR=2.137, P < 0.001)。  结论  中国医疗行业WMSDs发生率同世界主流国家地区相比处于中等水平。但行业总体不良工效学危害水平较高,不良作业姿势普遍存在。其中颈部、肩部、上背部、下背部的工效学负荷水平较高,主要与颈部工作中长时间保持不变、长时间低头、颈部大幅度前倾、手腕长期弯曲、长时间保持转身、腿部空间受限、长时间坐姿、作业姿势不舒服等职业因素有关。应通过加强宣教培训、增加辅助助力设施、改善工作组织模式等方式,降低肌肉骨骼损伤危险。