后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术治疗孤立肾肾囊肿

目的探讨后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术对孤立肾肾囊肿手术的治疗方法和疗效。方法回顾性分析本院2005年12月至2009年8月共12例经手术和病理证实为孤立肾肾囊肿的临床资料。结果 12例手术均获成功,术中无中转开放手术,无并发症出现;手术时间30~90min（平均50min）;术中出血为5~35mL,平均15mL;术后住院日2~3d,平均2.1d。12例患者术后随访3~48个月,平均28个月,未发现囊肿复发。结论后腹腔镜囊肿去顶减压术是一种微创且安全有效的孤立肾肾囊肿治疗方法。     

反复复发阴囊隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤1例报告

隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤（dermatofibrosareomaprotuberans,DFSP）是一种源于皮肤真皮层的侵袭性软组织肉瘤,低度恶性,易复发,故易被误诊。阴囊部发病罕见。现将汉中市3201医院收治的例发病13年,反复手术治疗6次的阴囊DFSP病例报告如下。     

初次全髋关节置换术中生物型股骨柄5年以上随访结果分析

目的评估生物型初次全髋关节置换术（THA）5年以上患者的临床疗效、影像学结果、并发症及其影响因素。方法对1995年1月至2006年6月期间接受生物型初次全髋关节置换术治疗髋部疾病的患者110例124髋进行随访。截至末次随访时,40例（44髋）患者获得随访,随访时间平均为8.2年（5~16.3年）。临床观察Harris评分、各种并发症,影像学评估假体位置、假体周围骨质以及并发症情况。假体生存率采用Kaplan-Meier方法进行分析,以无菌性松动所致翻修为随访终点。结果随访率为36.4%。Harris评分由术前为（48.47±14.54）分提高至末次随访时（91.37±5.44）分（P〈0.001）。截止随访终点,术后并发症包括脱位（1例1髋）、无菌性松动（2例2髋）、深静脉血栓（1例1髋）、异位骨化（13例13髋）,无感染。生物型股骨柄15年生存率为100%。结论初次THA术中生物型股骨假体的远期生存率令人满意,但需要提高随访率。     

进入不同海拔高度健康官兵心电图研究

目的：掌握大批官兵急进高原的尽电图变化;方法：仪器采用上海产ＥＣＧ－１１Ａ型,定准电压为１ｍｖ,走纸速度为２５ｍｍ／秒,分别对１５００ｍ、２８５０ｍ、３８００ｍ、５０３０ｍ心电图各波１段值进行观察;结果：用自身对照ｔ检验统计学处理,心率随海拔增高而增加,节律随海拔增高而发生不齐的人数增加,Ｐ波随海拔增高而时间、电压增高,Ｐ－Ｒ间期和Ｑ－Ｔ间期无明显变化规律,Ｒ波在Ｉ、ａｖＦ、Ｖ５随海拔增高,振幅有     

膝下动脉闭塞的腔内治疗

Objective To evaluate the results of endovascular intervention for infrapopliteal arterial occlusion in 40 patients. Methods There were 41 affected limbs in these 40 patients receiving 44 times of endovascular intervention for infrapopliteal arterial occlusion during Nov. 2006 and Dec. 2007. The average age was 76±6. The ABI(ankle brachial index)before intervention was 0.39±0.20 in anterior tibial artery and 0.39±0.23 in posterior tibial artery. CLI (critical limb ischemia) was 80.49% (33/41). Results The after intervention ABI increased by 0.43±0.22 (P<0.01) in anterior tibial artery and 0.43±0.25(P<0.01)in posterior tibial artery. 35 patients (36 limbs) were followed-up for (6±3) months. The limbs of Fontaine Ⅰ and Fontaine Ⅱ A were 28 (77.78%), CLI decreased to 19.44% (7/36) (P<0.01). At follow-up the ABI in anterior tibial artery was 0.63±0.22 and 0.56±0.22 in posterior tibial artery. The difference were all significant when compared with that before intervention and after intervention. The perioperative amputation rate was 0. The perioperative mortality rate was 2.5%. The total mortality rate was 15%. The limb salvage rate were 100%. Conclusion The effect of endovascular intervention for infrapopliteal arterial occlusion is satisfactory.     

钬激光输尿管镜下碎石与经皮肾取石治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的比较

目的比较钬激光输尿管硬镜碎石与经皮肾取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的疗效。方法106例单侧伴有肾积水的嵌顿性输尿管上段结石,48例采用URL治疗（URL组）,58例采用PCNL治疗（PCNL组）,统计分析2组的结石清除率及手术并发症。结果术后1 d结石清除率URL组25.0%（12/48）显著低于PCNL组98.3%（57/58）（χ^2=62.065,P=0.000）;术后3个月结石清除率URL组77.1%（37/48）显著低于PCNL组100%（58/58）（χ^2=14.831,P=0.000）;术后高热（T〉38.5℃）率URL组8.3%（4/48）与PCNL组6.9%（4/58）无统计学差异（χ^2=0.000,P=1.000）。结论对于嵌顿性输尿管上段结石,在有条件且技术成熟的医院PCNL可作为治疗的首选方法。     

外伤性脾破裂保脾治疗的可行性及安全性分析

目的探讨外伤性脾破裂保脾治疗的可行性与安全性。方法对1998年7月至2005年7月收治的24例外伤性脾破裂患者,采用了保脾治疗:非手术保守治疗9例,保留脾手术15例,其中单纯粘合胶止血1例、单纯脾动脉结扎2例、单纯缝合修补3例、脾动脉结扎加脾修补4例、缝合修补加粘合胶止血2例、脾脏网兜捆扎术1例、脾部分切除术2例。结果在9例行非手术保守治疗中,有7例保守治疗成功,均痊愈出院,2例在保守治疗中转脾切除;15例保脾手术中2例因术后发生大出血而再次行脾切除术,其中1例抢救无效当时死亡。13例手术保脾成功,平均住院时间为13d。无其他合并症。结论外伤性脾破裂保脾治疗是可行的,但有一定风险,必须严格手术指征,手术方式依脾损伤分级或程度选择最佳术式,确保手术安全,术后应严密观察。     

不同麻醉方法下输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管上段结石的比较

目的：观察比较腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉（CSEA）和喉罩通气全麻用于输尿管上段结石钬激光碎石术的有效性和安全性。方法：输尿管上段结石患者192例,随机分为两组,分别采用CSEA和喉罩通气全麻,均行输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗。比较两组患者术中血压、心率变化以及手术时间、手术操作难易程度、结石返回肾脏发生率和术中患者不适程度。结果：麻醉后及术中,CSEA组有明显血压下降和心率增加（P〈0．05）,喉罩通气全麻组无明显变化;喉罩通气全麻组无明显体动,呼吸控制良好,易于碎石手术操作,患者无不适反应,结石返回肾脏发生率低于CSEA组。结论：对于输尿管上段结石,钬激光碎石术、喉罩通气全麻比CSEA更安全和舒适,更有利于手术操作、缩短手术时间和提高碎石成功率。     

椎体后凸成形术与椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的对比研究

随着微创脊柱外科的发展,更多的骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF)患者接受了经皮椎体成形术与经皮椎体后凸成形术的治疗.     

膝下动脉闭塞的腔内治疗

Objective To evaluate the results of endovascular intervention for infrapopliteal arterial occlusion in 40 patients. Methods There were 41 affected limbs in these 40 patients receiving 44 times of endovascular intervention for infrapopliteal arterial occlusion during Nov. 2006 and Dec. 2007. The average age was 76±6. The ABI(ankle brachial index)before intervention was 0.39±0.20 in anterior tibial artery and 0.39±0.23 in posterior tibial artery. CLI (critical limb ischemia) was 80.49% (33/41). Results The after intervention ABI increased by 0.43±0.22 (P<0.01) in anterior tibial artery and 0.43±0.25(P<0.01)in posterior tibial artery. 35 patients (36 limbs) were followed-up for (6±3) months. The limbs of Fontaine Ⅰ and Fontaine Ⅱ A were 28 (77.78%), CLI decreased to 19.44% (7/36) (P<0.01). At follow-up the ABI in anterior tibial artery was 0.63±0.22 and 0.56±0.22 in posterior tibial artery. The difference were all significant when compared with that before intervention and after intervention. The perioperative amputation rate was 0. The perioperative mortality rate was 2.5%. The total mortality rate was 15%. The limb salvage rate were 100%. Conclusion The effect of endovascular intervention for infrapopliteal arterial occlusion is satisfactory.