术中机械通气对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者肺换气功能的影响

目的 探讨术中机械通气对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者肺换气功能的影响.方法 择期全麻下行全胃切除术的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者30例和非糖尿患者15例,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄46～64岁,体重47～78 kg,非糖尿病患者为对照组(A组,n=15),30例糖尿病患者按照术前糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)水平分为2组(n=15):B组(HbA1C与Hb比值6.6%～10.4%)和C组(HbA1C与Hb比值＞10.4%).麻醉诱导后气管插管,行机械通气,Vr8 ml/kg,RR 12～14次/min,吸呼比1∶2,吸入纯氧,维持PETCO230～35 mm Hg.分别于麻醉前(T0)、机械通气30 min(T1)、60 min(T2)、90 min(T3)、120 min(T4)时采集桡动脉血样,进行血气分析,计算肺泡-动脉血氧分压差(PA-aDO2);同时测定血浆SOD、MDA、TNF-α、IL-6及IL-10的水平.结果 与A组比较,B组和C组T1-4时PA-aDO2、血浆MDA、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10的浓度升高,血浆SOD活性降低(P＜0.05).与B组比较,C组T1-4时PA-aDO2、血浆MDA、TNF-α、IL-6和IL10的浓度升高,血浆SOD活性降低(P＜0.05).结论 术中机械通气可使Ⅱ型糖尿病患者肺换气功能下降,且与病情有关,其机制与机械通气诱发炎性反应有关.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the effect of intraoperative mechanical ventilation on alveolar gas exchange in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰor Ⅱpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged 46-64 yr weighing 47-78 kg undergoing total gastrectomy under general anesthesia were divided into 2groups according to preoperative glycolated hemoglobin level(HbA1c)(n=15 each):group B HbA1c/Hb=6.6%-10.4%and group C HbA1c/Hb＞10.4%.Another 15 non-diabetic patients with comparable demographic data were included in this study as control group(group A).Radial artery and right internal jugular vein were cannulated.The patients were intubated after induction of anesthesia and mechanically ventilated(VT 8 ml/kg,RR 12-lected from artery before induction of anesthesia(To,baseline)and at 30,60,90 and 120 min of mechanical ventilation(T1-4)for blood gas analysis and determination of plasma SOD activity and MDA,'TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10 concentrations.PA-aDO2 was calculated.Results PA-aDO2 was significantly increased during mechanical ventilation at T1-4 as compared with the baseline at T0 in diabetic patients and were significantly higher than in non-diabetic patients.The plasma SOD activity was significantly decreased at T1-4 as compared with the baseline at T0 in diabetic patients and was significantly lower than in non-diabetic patients.While the plasma MDA,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10concentrations were significantly increased at T1-4 compared with the baseline at T0 in diabetic patients and were significantly higher than in non-diabetic patients.The PA-aDO2,plasma MDA,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations were significantly higher and plasma SOD activity lower in gorup C than in group B.Conclusion Intraoperative mechanical ventilation can decrease alveolar gas exchange by inducing inflammatory response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The changes are correlated with severity of diabetes.     

1-磷酸鞘氨醇与肺缺血/再灌注损伤

背景1-磷酸鞘氨醇(sphingosine-1 -phosphate,S1P)是鞘脂的代谢产物,不仅与细胞表面特定受体(S1PR1-5)结合产生多种生物学效应,还作为细胞内第二信使发挥作用。S1P在细胞增殖、移动、凋亡及心血管系统、免疫系统等方面都有重要的调节作用,因而参与到生物体内许多生理和病理过程。目的现就近年来的...     

异丙酚对油酸型急性肺损伤兔血清TNFα-、IL-1β水平的影响

目的:观察异丙酚对油酸性急性肺损伤(ALI)兔血清TNFα-、IL-1β水平的影响,探讨异丙酚治疗油酸型ALI的可能机制。方法:健康日本大耳白兔24只,随机分成对照组(Ⅰ组)、急性肺损伤组(Ⅱ组)和异丙酚治疗组(Ⅲ组)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ组兔静脉注射油酸0.08 mL/kg,复制日本大耳白兔ALI模型。建模成功后Ⅲ组静脉注射异丙酚8 mg.kg-1.h-1,Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组静脉注射生理盐水0.8 mL.kg-1.h-1至实验结束。各组大耳白兔分别在输入异丙酚或生理盐水前(T0)和给药后1 h(T1)、2 h(T2)、3 h(T3)、4 h(T4)采集动脉血用ELISA法检测血清TNF-α、IL-1β,同时进行血气分析,计算PaO2/FiO2结果:Ⅰ组血清中TNF-α、IL-1β浓度各时点无明显变化(P>0.05)。Ⅱ组TNFα-浓度在T1开始升高,T2达高峰,T3、T4有下降但仍高于T0(P<0.05),与Ⅰ组相应时点比较升高明显(P<0.05)。Ⅲ组各时点TNF-α浓度升高明显低于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。与T0比较,Ⅱ组血清IL-1β浓度在T1开始升高,T4达高峰(P<0.05),各时点浓度均明显高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组IL-1β浓度升高程度低于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。Ⅰ组各时点氧合指数无明显变化。Ⅱ、Ⅲ组随着时间延长氧合指数逐渐下降,明显低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组氧合指数下降幅度较Ⅱ组低(P<0.05)。结论:异丙酚能通过降低油酸性ALI兔血清TNF-α、IL-1β的释放,提高油酸性ALI后氧合指数,对兔油酸性ALI起到一定的保护效果。     

异丙酚对急性肺损伤兔氧合指数和中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶的影响

目的观察异丙酚对油酸性急性肺损伤兔氧合指数和血清中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶的影响,探讨异丙酚治疗油酸性急性肺损伤的可能机制。方法健康日本大耳白兔24只,按照随机数字表法将其分成对照组（1组）、油酸性急性肺损伤组（Ⅱ组）和异丙酚治疗组（Ⅲ组）。Ⅱ、Ⅲ组静脉注射油酸0．08ml·kg^-1,制备急性肺损伤兔模型。造模成功后Ⅲ组静脉注射异丙酚8mg·kg^-1·h^-1,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组静脉注射等量0．9％氯化钠溶液0．8l·kg^-1。各组大耳白兔分别在输入异丙酚或0．9％氯化钠溶液前（T0）和给药后1h（T_1）、2h（T_2）、3h（T_3）、4h（T_4）采集动脉血,行血气分析检测PaO_2并计算氧合指数,采用ELISA法检测血清NE的水平。结果Ⅰ组各时间点氧合指数无明显变化。Ⅱ组注射油酸造模成功后随着时间延长氧合指数逐渐下降。Ⅱ组氧合指数较Ⅰ组降低,但T,时刻以后较Ⅱ组高（P〈0．05）。Ⅱ组血清NE水平在T_1开始升高,^_2达高峰,T_3、T_4仍高于T_0水平（P〈005）,与Ⅰ组各时点比较升高明显（P〈0．05）。Ⅲ组各时点升高幅度明显低于Ⅱ组（P〈0．05）。结论异丙酚能够提高氧合指数,降低兔油酸性急性肺损伤血清中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶的水平,对兔油酸性急性肺损伤有一定的治疗作用。