浆膜受侵的结直肠癌术后腹腔化疗联合静脉化疗的临床研究

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy to systemic chemotherapy alone for serosa-involved colorectal cancer. Methods According to the criteria of serosa-involving in colorectal cancer, 332 cases were divided into 2 groups prospectively without randomization. Study group (n=166) was treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy, and control group (n=166) with systemic chemotherapy alone. Incidence of local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis, hepatic metastasis, other distant metastasis and 3-year, 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of two groups were compared. Results 3-year and 5-year OS rates of stage Ⅱ B in study group were similar to those in control group (χ2=0.612,P=0.434). The above rates of stage Ⅲ in study group were higher than those in control group (χ2=3.989,P=0.046). Either the study group or the control group, the 3-year and 5-year OS rates of patients undergone laparoscopic surgery or open surgery were similar (P=0.839, P=0.172). Incidences of local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis and hepatic metastasis in study group were 1.9%, 3.8% and 3.8% respetively, lower than those in control group (8.2%,9.5% and 10.1%,P<0.05). Distant metastasis rate in study group was similar to that in control group. In study group, intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen with Oxaliplatin had lower rates of peritoneal metastasis and hepatic metastasis as compared to that with Cisplatin (0.9% vs 8.8% ,P=0.019), while the incidences of local recurrence and other distant metastasis were similar. Conclusions Postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy improves 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates in patients with stage Ⅲ serosa-involved colorectal cancer, and decreases local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis and liver metastasis rate, especially when intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen contains Oxaliphtin. Comparing with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery dose not improve 3-year and S-year overall survival rates in patients receiving combined chemotherapy or systemic chemotherapy alone.     

不同性别及类型直肠癌根治术保留植物神经的疗效分析

直肠癌根治术后常并发排尿功能及性功能障碍。为提高患者的生活质量，国内外学者开展了保留植物神经的直肠癌根治术，明显降低了上述并发症，但在不同性别及不同类型的根治术中保留或不保留神经，其疗效有何差异尚未见报道。现就我院１９９４年１月至１９９６年１２月收治...     

腹腔镜经腹柱状腹会阴联合切除术治疗低位直肠癌

目的评价腹腔镜经腹柱状腹会阴联合切除术的安全性和可行性。方法福建医科大学附属协和医院普通外科于2010到2011年期间对6例距离肛缘3cm以内的T3～T4期直肠癌患者．行腹腔镜经腹柱状腹会阴联合切除术,术中在腹腔镜直视下经腹切除肛提肌,会阴部操作时未翻转患者的体位。其中3例患者应用人脱细胞真皮基质补片行盆底重建。结果全部操作均成功完成．无术中并发症、腹腔镜相关并发症及中转手术。平均手术时间为186．7min,平均术中出血量为101．7ml。所有标本均呈柱状．标本上的肛提肌均附着在直肠系膜上,环周切缘均为阴性。应用人脱细胞真皮基质补片重建盆底者未见并发症。结论腹腔镜下经腹切除肛提肌、不改变患者体位行人脱细胞真皮基质补片重建盆底是可行的。该术式极大地简化了柱状腹会阴联合切除这一巨创、繁杂的术式．并具有肿瘤学效果好和并发症少的优点。     

右原始后腹膜在右半结肠癌完整结肠系膜切除术中的解剖学观察和临床意义

目的:对右半结肠癌完整结肠系膜切除术（CME）手术过程中的右原始后腹膜走行进行活体和尸体标本解剖观察,探讨该筋膜的解剖特点和临床意义。方法:采用描述性研究的方法。（1）回顾性收集2020年1—10月期间,就诊于福建医科大学附属协和医院结直肠外科的17例行腹腔镜右半（扩大右半）结肠癌根治术的非连续患者的临床病理资料和手术...     

确保腹腔镜直肠系膜完全切除的手术技巧:介绍一种自创骶前隧道式分离法

众所周知,全直肠系膜切除术(total mesorectal excision,TME)是治疗中低位直肠癌,降低局部复发率的有效方法.虽然对于一个熟练的腹腔镜结直肠专科医师来说,行腹腔镜低位或超低位直肠前切除时应用TME,感觉手术视野优于开腹手术[1].但遇到肥胖或骨盆狭窄的低位直肠癌患者,即使熟练的腹腔镜外科医师也感到棘手.主要难点在于对腹膜反折以下直肠侧方及末端系膜进行完整切除相当困难,如系膜切除不全则可能影响手术预后.我们基于对1000余例直肠癌直肠系膜标本的解剖认识及300余例腹腔镜直肠癌的手术经验,总结一种简易、不易造成直肠系膜破损的TME方法--骶前隧道式分离法,供同道参考.     

腹腔镜辅助根治性右半结肠切除术式及其评价

腹腔镜结肠切除术无论从根治性及安全性方面均已得到多项随机试验论证：而对腹腔镜辅助根治性右半结肠切除（LRRH）的认识经历了两个阶段。早年认为该术在腹腔镜结肠切除术中难度最低，适于掌握初级腹腔镜技能的外科医师操作;随着众多结肠直肠专科医师应用LRRH后认识到由于必须解剖及清扫肠系膜上静脉的外科干周围淋巴组织，才感到手术难度明显大于其他腹腔镜结肠直肠手术，使其发展相对滞后。目前，国内外有关LRRH的专题报道较少，且例数多在20-40例。本文就其术式及其相关的安全性、根治性及预后作一综述评价。     

结直肠癌腹腔微转移的检测

腹腔内脱落癌细胞或微小癌灶(又称腹腔微转移)是导致结直肠癌术后复发的重要原因。本研究联用癌胚抗原(CEA)、基质金属蛋白酶-7(MMP-7)和细胞角蛋白20(CK20)3种标志物检测腹腔内脱落癌细胞,以期提高腹腔微转移的检出率。1.材料与方法:采集协和医院2001年5月至2002年3月手术的52例结直肠癌患者(病灶位于腹膜反折以上)的腹水或腹腔灌洗液,其中男33例、女19例,中位年龄59岁。以结直肠癌细胞株(LS-174T)和10例新鲜结直肠癌组织作为阳性对照;以30例非肿瘤患者的腹水或腹腔灌洗液作为阴性对照。试剂:总RNA提取试剂盒、反转录试剂盒、PCR试…     

局部晚期直肠癌术前同期放化疗临床及病理降期效果的探讨

目的:探讨局部晚期直肠癌术前同期放化疗后临床及病理降期情况及其相关影响因素.方法:回顾性分析30例行术前同期放化疗的局部晚期直肠癌患者的临床资料,放疗采取三维适形放疗技术,同期化疗为奥沙利铂与卡培他滨联合方案.评价其术前临床及术后病理降期效果并分析相关影响因素. 结果:术前临床评价T分期降期率达73.3%(22/30),17例N+患者10例淋巴结完全消退;术后病理发现,14例患者T分期下降,降期率为46.7%,其中5例患者达pCR,完全缓解率为16.7%(5/30).单因素分析显示,放疗后继续服用卡培他滨及放疗至手术间歇期长者肿瘤降期率高.除1例放疗期间出现膀胱瘘者,仅1例出现Ⅲ级造血系统毒副反应,未见Ⅳ级毒副反应.结论:局部晚期直肠癌术前同期放化疗耐受性良好,有效率高,更加合理的同期化疗需更进一步的临床试验证实.     

浆膜受侵的结直肠癌术后腹腔化疗联合静脉化疗的临床研究

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy to systemic chemotherapy alone for serosa-involved colorectal cancer. Methods According to the criteria of serosa-involving in colorectal cancer, 332 cases were divided into 2 groups prospectively without randomization. Study group (n=166) was treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy, and control group (n=166) with systemic chemotherapy alone. Incidence of local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis, hepatic metastasis, other distant metastasis and 3-year, 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of two groups were compared. Results 3-year and 5-year OS rates of stage Ⅱ B in study group were similar to those in control group (χ2=0.612,P=0.434). The above rates of stage Ⅲ in study group were higher than those in control group (χ2=3.989,P=0.046). Either the study group or the control group, the 3-year and 5-year OS rates of patients undergone laparoscopic surgery or open surgery were similar (P=0.839, P=0.172). Incidences of local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis and hepatic metastasis in study group were 1.9%, 3.8% and 3.8% respetively, lower than those in control group (8.2%,9.5% and 10.1%,P<0.05). Distant metastasis rate in study group was similar to that in control group. In study group, intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen with Oxaliplatin had lower rates of peritoneal metastasis and hepatic metastasis as compared to that with Cisplatin (0.9% vs 8.8% ,P=0.019), while the incidences of local recurrence and other distant metastasis were similar. Conclusions Postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy improves 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates in patients with stage Ⅲ serosa-involved colorectal cancer, and decreases local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis and liver metastasis rate, especially when intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen contains Oxaliphtin. Comparing with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery dose not improve 3-year and S-year overall survival rates in patients receiving combined chemotherapy or systemic chemotherapy alone.