乳腺癌超声征象与分子生物学指标相关性的研究进展

新生血管生成是乳腺癌生长和转移的必要条件,乳腺癌超声造影能准确无创并可重复地评估乳腺癌新生血管。免疫组织化学相关分子生物学基因,如雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、增殖细胞核抗原(Ki-67)、人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)表达与乳腺癌的组织学类型、淋巴结转移及预后有关。部分研究表明,肿块毛刺征与ER、PR呈正相关;HER2阳性患者出现不均匀增强或灌注缺损的概率较大。探索乳腺癌超声表现与ER、PR、Ki-67、HER2的相关性,对乳腺癌的诊断、治疗方案的选择及预后都有指导作用。     

2.5%碳酸氢钠溶液联合氟康唑防治鼻咽癌放射过程中口腔真菌感染的护理

[目的]探讨2.5%碳酸氢钠溶液联合氟康唑在鼻咽癌放射治疗中对口腔黏膜真菌感染的防治作用。[方法]运用有效的护理对策对48例鼻咽癌病人行放射治疗过程中口腔真菌感染实施正确的药物治疗及最佳的护理措施。[结果]48例鼻咽癌放射治疗病人口腔黏膜真菌感染治疗有效率达到100%。[结论]使用2.5%碳酸氢钠溶液联合氟康唑用于鼻咽癌放射治疗过程中口腔黏膜真菌感染的防治安全、疗效显著。     

经直肠超声引导下6+X点前列腺穿刺活检术292例的临床应用分析

目的：分析经直肠超声引导下6＋X点前列腺穿刺活检术的操作技巧及临床应用价值。方法超声引导下对292例患者行前列腺穿刺活检术,统计术后并发症。292例患者中,前列腺癌122例,前列腺良性增生106例,增生并慢性前列腺炎症28例,前列腺增生伴上皮内肿瘤18例,前列腺不典型增生15例,前列腺结核2例,非特异性肉芽肿性前列腺炎1例。结果采用6＋X 点穿刺活检术,前列腺癌阳性率为41.78％,平均穿刺针数6＋1.73。术后并发症：血尿43例,血便25例,发热20例,少量出血20例,腰痛16例,尿痛14例,排尿不.11例,大出血1例。结论经直肠超声引导下6＋X点前列腺穿刺活检术操作方便,时间短暂,并发症少,前列腺癌检出率高,有助于早期前列腺癌的诊断及鉴别诊断。     

结直肠粘液腺癌的临床病理特征及预后分析

目的探讨结直肠粘液腺癌的临床病理特征及对预后的影响。方法选取2002年4月-2007年11月行外科切除的775例结直肠癌患者的临床病理资料。将患者分为两组:非粘液腺癌组(n=690)和粘液腺癌组(n=85);比较两组患者的临床病理特征,分析两组患者及不同组织分化程度患者的术后生存率,探索影响预后的因素。结果全组病例粘液腺癌占结直肠癌的11.0%。两组患者在性别、远处转移、术前肠梗阻和手术方式方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。粘液腺癌好发于右半结肠及青壮年,浸润型比例高,瘤体大,浸润深,容易发生淋巴结转移及TNM分期晚;术后总生存率比非粘液腺癌、高-中分化腺癌差;与低分化腺癌相比无明显差别。COX回归分析显示TNM分期、手术方式及组织分化程度为影响预后的独立因素。其中TNM分期是最危险的影响因素。结论结直肠粘液腺癌具有不良临床病理特征,其预后比非粘液腺癌、高-中分化腺癌差,与低分化腺癌相近,是预后的独立影响因素。     

妇科养坤丸与骨髓间充质干细胞移植修复薄型子宫内膜

BACKGROUND: Studies have found that endometrial cells from bone marrow donors can be detected in the endometrium of female patients after bone marrow suppression.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Fukeyangkun pills combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation in the treatment of thin endometrium.METHODS: Thirty female rats at rutting period were randomized into control, model, Fukeyangkun pills, cell transplantation and combined group (n=6 per group). Rat models of thin endometrium were made in the latter five groups. Rats in the six groups were respectively subjected to routine feeding, tail vein injection of normal saline, tail vein injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (1 mL) at 6 hours and 10 days after modeling, intragastric administration of 5 mL/kg Fukeyangkun pill solution for continuous 20 days, or tail vein injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (1 mL) at 6 hours and 10 days after modeling plus intragastric administration of 10 mL/kg Fukeyangkun pill solution for continuous 20 days. At 21 days after modeling, hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphological changes of the endometrical tissues and measure the endometrium thickness. The expression of cytokeratin and vimentin was determined by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, the endometrium thickness and the expression of cytokeratin and vimentin (P < 0.05) were increased successively in the Fukeyangkun pills group, cell transplantation group, and combined group to different extents. Of these groups, the endometrium thickness and the expression of cytokeratin and vimentin in the combined group were the most close to normal levels. Our data demonstrate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can induce regeneration of the endometrial cells and repair endometrial tissue. Furthermore, treatment of Fukeyangkun pills obviously augments the repair effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on thin endometrium.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程