体外循环心内直视手术后缺血性胃肠道损害

体外循环心内直视手术后缺血性胃肠道损害严重者甚至可危及生命。因此，正确认识和有效预防此并发症具有重要意义。     

超声弹性成像技术评估肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张的价值

目的:探讨肝脏、脾脏的声触诊弹性成像与声触诊弹性测量技术在评估肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张(esophageal and gastric varices, EGV)中的应用价值。方法:收集临床诊断肝硬化患者87例,经胃镜结果分为无曲张组(44例)、轻度曲张组(13例)和中重度曲张组(30例)。通过超声弹性成像技术分别测量肝脏声触诊弹性成像值(liver-sound touch elastography, L-STE)、肝脏声触诊弹性测量值(liver-sound touch quantify, L-STQ)、脾脏声触诊弹性成像值(spleen-sound touch elastography, S-STE)、脾脏声触诊弹性测量值(spleen-sound touch quantify, S-STQ),比较各组肝脾STE及STQ指标。绘制受试者工作特征曲线分析各参数诊断EGV的效能,计算曲线下面积。结果:肝硬化无曲张组与曲张组肝脾STE与STQ值比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。采用Spearman相关系数进行相关分析显示,L-STE、L-STQ、S-STE及S-STQ值与食管胃底...     

控制性深低温对家兔血液流变性的影响

目的 通过建立低温家兔模型,探讨低温对家兔血液流变性的影响及其作用机制.方法 20只家兔随机分为2组,每组10只,分别设为对照组和降温组.所有家兔经3%戊巴比妥钠麻醉作气管切开插管后接呼吸机控制呼吸,然后静脉注入芬太尼、哌库溴胺加深麻醉;采用体表降温法将降温组家兔体温降至(25±1)℃,维持3 h.实验组于降温前、深低温、复温开始、复温至37℃时各采动脉血测定血液流变学各项指标.结果 降温组在鼻咽温度从36℃降至25℃后,全血黏度高、中、低切及全血还原黏度低切与降温前比较明显升高(P＜0.05),且低温持续过程中变化不大;复温后高、中、低切全血黏度及全血还原黏度低切显著降低(P＜0.05),与对照组比较,无统计学差异(P＞0.05).降温、低温及复温过程中血浆黏度和HCT变化不明显.结论 低温对家兔血液流变性有明显的影响,主要表现在各种切变率下全血黏度明显升高.     

抗病毒治疗对乙型肝炎病毒感染者肾移植术后临床转归的影响

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒感染者肾移植术后临床转归及治疗对策.方法 将术前乙肝病毒标志物阳性(HBsAg阳性、HBeAg阳性或HBeAb阳性、HBV DNA阳性或阴性)的32例肾移植术后患者分为抗病毒治疗组和无抗病毒治疗组两组.观察两组(术前1周至术后9年)的肝功能(ALT、AST、TBIL、PT)变化、病毒复制(HBV DNA)及存活情况.结果 抗病毒治疗组23例患者肝功能损害复常率为82.60%,存活率为82.60%,HBV DNA(PCR法)下降(≥2 log10)或保持低复制率为86.95%;未抗病毒组9例患者肝功能损害复常率为22.22%,存活率为11.11%,HBV DNA(PeR法)下降(≥2log10)或保持低复制率为11.11%.抗病毒组肝功能复常率、存活率及HBV DNA下降或保持低复制率高于无抗病毒组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).19例拉米夫定治疗患者6例出现病毒学反弹31.58%,1例加用阿德福韦酯,2例换用恩替卡韦后好转,其余3例肝功能衰竭死亡.结论 持续有效的抗病毒治疗可以有效控制乙肝病毒复制,促进肝功能恢复,减少肝衰竭发生,提高乙肝病毒感染者肾移植术后患者存活率.在治疗过程中出现病毒学反弹应及时换用或加用有效药物减少肝衰竭发生.     

慢性乙肝患者血清趋化因子RANTES水平与肝功能生化指标等的相关性研究

Objective To investigate the level of the serum chemokine RANTES and its correlation with serum biochemical indices of liver function test, HBeAg and HBV DNA load in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (observed group) and 18 normal cases (control group) were enrolled in this study. The serum level of chemokine RANTES was detected with an ABC-ELISA assay. Statistical analysis was performed on the software of SPSS13.0. Results The serum chemokine RANTES level in the observed group (3930.12 ng/ml±2856.96) ng/ml was significantly higher than that in the control group (329.46 ng/ml±152.23) ng/ml. The results from the observed group indicated the positive correlation of serum RANTES level with indices of liver function test, including ALT (r=0. 197, P=0.018), AST(r=0.239, P=0.004) and TBil (r=0.316, P=0.001), but did not with PTA (r=-0.078, P=0.357). Neither difference of serum chemokine RANTES level between HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group nor that between high HBV DNA load group (≥105 copies/ml) and low HBV DNA load group (< 105 copies/ml) were statistically significant (P=0.407 and 0.185, respectively). Conclusions Serum chemokine RANTES level in patients with chronic hepatitis B elevates significantly and is not affected by HBeAg or HBV DNA load. Its positive correlation with indices of liver function test indicates that RANTES might play an important rule in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B.     

抗病毒治疗对乙型肝炎病毒感染者肾移植术后临床转归的影响

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒感染者肾移植术后临床转归及治疗对策.方法 将术前乙肝病毒标志物阳性(HBsAg阳性、HBeAg阳性或HBeAb阳性、HBV DNA阳性或阴性)的32例肾移植术后患者分为抗病毒治疗组和无抗病毒治疗组两组.观察两组(术前1周至术后9年)的肝功能(ALT、AST、TBIL、PT)变化、病毒复制(HBV DNA)及存活情况.结果 抗病毒治疗组23例患者肝功能损害复常率为82.60%,存活率为82.60%,HBV DNA(PCR法)下降(≥2 log10)或保持低复制率为86.95%;未抗病毒组9例患者肝功能损害复常率为22.22%,存活率为11.11%,HBV DNA(PeR法)下降(≥2log10)或保持低复制率为11.11%.抗病毒组肝功能复常率、存活率及HBV DNA下降或保持低复制率高于无抗病毒组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).19例拉米夫定治疗患者6例出现病毒学反弹31.58%,1例加用阿德福韦酯,2例换用恩替卡韦后好转,其余3例肝功能衰竭死亡.结论 持续有效的抗病毒治疗可以有效控制乙肝病毒复制,促进肝功能恢复,减少肝衰竭发生,提高乙肝病毒感染者肾移植术后患者存活率.在治疗过程中出现病毒学反弹应及时换用或加用有效药物减少肝衰竭发生.     

慢性乙肝患者血清趋化因子RANTES水平与肝功能生化指标等的相关性研究

Objective To investigate the level of the serum chemokine RANTES and its correlation with serum biochemical indices of liver function test, HBeAg and HBV DNA load in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (observed group) and 18 normal cases (control group) were enrolled in this study. The serum level of chemokine RANTES was detected with an ABC-ELISA assay. Statistical analysis was performed on the software of SPSS13.0. Results The serum chemokine RANTES level in the observed group (3930.12 ng/ml±2856.96) ng/ml was significantly higher than that in the control group (329.46 ng/ml±152.23) ng/ml. The results from the observed group indicated the positive correlation of serum RANTES level with indices of liver function test, including ALT (r=0. 197, P=0.018), AST(r=0.239, P=0.004) and TBil (r=0.316, P=0.001), but did not with PTA (r=-0.078, P=0.357). Neither difference of serum chemokine RANTES level between HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group nor that between high HBV DNA load group (≥105 copies/ml) and low HBV DNA load group (< 105 copies/ml) were statistically significant (P=0.407 and 0.185, respectively). Conclusions Serum chemokine RANTES level in patients with chronic hepatitis B elevates significantly and is not affected by HBeAg or HBV DNA load. Its positive correlation with indices of liver function test indicates that RANTES might play an important rule in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B.     

面向残疾人的汉语可视语音数据库

将人机交互领域中研究的唇读技术应用于康复工程之中,设计了一个基于视觉语言的语音合成系统。该系统特别针对后天致残,丧失语音能力的人设计,采用了一种特定条件下的汉语可视语音数据库。不同于现有的数据库,该数据库的设计具有以下特点：采用了非对称唇形轮廓模型,提取了嘴唇突出度的信息;针对汉语音节的特点,增强了汉字音节中信息变化过程;兼顾未来唇读技术的发展,以音节为基本元素,具有可扩充性。采用运动检测和数学形态学的办法提取唇动图像序列中的唇形区域,并从中提取非对称唇形轮廓模型特征参数,同时通过计算部分参数对时间的差分,来获得唇形轮廓的动态信息。基于隐马尔可夫模型的学习和识别实验表明,该数据库的设计方法合理,所选的唇动特征用能够将识别效果平均提高25%。     

慢性乙肝患者血清趋化因子RANTES水平与肝功能生化指标等的相关性研究

Objective To investigate the level of the serum chemokine RANTES and its correlation with serum biochemical indices of liver function test, HBeAg and HBV DNA load in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 144 patients with chronic hepatitis B (observed group) and 18 normal cases (control group) were enrolled in this study. The serum level of chemokine RANTES was detected with an ABC-ELISA assay. Statistical analysis was performed on the software of SPSS13.0. Results The serum chemokine RANTES level in the observed group (3930.12 ng/ml±2856.96) ng/ml was significantly higher than that in the control group (329.46 ng/ml±152.23) ng/ml. The results from the observed group indicated the positive correlation of serum RANTES level with indices of liver function test, including ALT (r=0. 197, P=0.018), AST(r=0.239, P=0.004) and TBil (r=0.316, P=0.001), but did not with PTA (r=-0.078, P=0.357). Neither difference of serum chemokine RANTES level between HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group nor that between high HBV DNA load group (≥105 copies/ml) and low HBV DNA load group (< 105 copies/ml) were statistically significant (P=0.407 and 0.185, respectively). Conclusions Serum chemokine RANTES level in patients with chronic hepatitis B elevates significantly and is not affected by HBeAg or HBV DNA load. Its positive correlation with indices of liver function test indicates that RANTES might play an important rule in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B.     

血清乙型肝炎病毒DNA水平对HBV全基因组克隆效率的影响

目的：通过比较血清HBV DNA水平对一片段PCR法和两片段PCR法这两种不同方法的HBV全基因组克隆效率的影响，选择出合适的HBV全基因组克隆技术，供后续的HBV的基础和临床研究。 方法：采集了慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者85份血清，分别用本研究建立的一片段PCR法及两片段PCR法扩增HBV全基因组，经双酶切鉴定后将PCR产物克隆入载体，进行HBV全基因组序列测定。同时用实时荧光定量PCR法检测上述85份血清的HBV DNA滴度。 结果： 本研究建立的一片段PCR法扩增成功需要的血清HBV DNA浓度高于两片段PCR法,两种方法扩增的效率比较为：一片段PCR法扩增的阳性率低于两片段PCR法（P<0.01）。一片段PCR法的保真性和灵敏度分析发现： 保真性：核苷酸的人为突变率为1.13 bp/kb；灵敏度：为102个初始模板。浓度大于103的重组质粒DNA80%可以成功扩增，浓度低于该值的扩增效率比较低。结论： 血清HBV DNA水平对两种扩增方法的阳性率有一定影响，滴度高低是选择合适PCR扩增方法的依据。HBV DNA滴度大于106copies/L的样本，可选用一片段PCR法的全基因组扩增、克隆技术，而对HBV DNA滴度小于106copies/L样本，则可选用两片段PCR法的全基因组扩增、克隆技术。本研究建立的一片段PCR法扩增HBV全基因组克隆的技术是一种值得推荐的好方法，但还需进一步优化。