胃癌术前淋巴结转移评估方法研究进展

胃癌在我国的发病率及病死率较高,目前,手术仍然是胃癌的主要治疗方式。术前诊断淋巴结转移对于胃癌手术方式的选择有着重大意义。目前,临床中对于胃癌术前淋巴结转移的诊断尚没有金标准。本文对胃癌术前淋巴结转移评估方法的研究进展进行综述。     

基因诊断技术在脊柱结核诊断中的应用现状

脊柱结核是一种常见的肺外结核病。近年来,随着脊柱结核患者逐年增多,不典型脊柱结核患者亦逐渐增多,而不典型脊柱结核诊断较为困难,需要与一般细菌感染、肿瘤以及非结核分枝杆菌感染相鉴别。基因诊断技术是一项诊断脊柱结核的重要工具,对临床不典型脊柱结核的诊断有较高价值。本文将对脊柱结核的流行现状、诊断及基因诊断技术进行综述,以帮助临床工作者对脊柱结核做出更加准确的诊断。     

银离子、铜离子和锌离子对常见念珠菌的抗菌性能比较

目的 探讨银离子(Ag⁺)、铜离子(Cu²⁺)、锌离子(Zn²⁺)对5种常见念珠菌(白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌、克柔念珠菌和光滑念珠菌)的抗菌作用。方法 使用去离子水分别将硝酸银、氯化铜和氯化锌配制为0.1 mol·L^-1的水溶液。取保存的白色念珠菌标准菌株ATCC-60193、近平滑念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、热带念珠菌、克柔念珠菌,加入溶菌肉汤培养液,使用比浊仪调配菌液浊度为0.5麦氏单位,然后使用无菌去离子水将菌液稀释至10⁶ CFU·L^-1。取配制好的0.1 mol·L^-1的硝酸银、氯化铜和氯化锌溶液,分别倍比稀释为6个浓度(10^-2、10^-3、10^-4、10^-5、10^-6、10^-7 mol·L^-1),分别取各浓度的金属离子溶液100μL与预制好的5种念珠菌悬液100μL进...     

Triptolide inhibits IL-12 production and T cell-stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells

Extracts of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F.(TWHF ) are effective in traditional Chinesemedicine for treatment of autoimmune diseasessuch as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus ery thematosus, nephritis and asthma [1, 2]. Trip tolide, a diterpenoid triepoxide, is derived fromTWHF and is responsible for most of the immuno suppressive and anti inflammatory effects ofTWHF. Triptolide has been shown to be effectivein the treatment of autoimmune diseases, …     

穿刺组织的微波快速碳蜡制片法

穿刺组织的微波快速碳蜡制片法朱新生，眭翔，王伯云（西安第四军医大学病理学教研室，西安７１００３２）（北京医学高等专科学校病理学教研室，北京１０００７１）我们试用了微波辐射技术将穿刺组织（小块组织）进行了快速碳蜡包埋制片和ＨＥ染色．初步取得了较满意的效...     

The Distribution of Synaptotagmin II in RBL-2H3 and Its Regulation on Exocytosis of Lysosomes in RBL-2H3

Synaptotagmin(Syt)constitutes a family of membrane-trafficking proteins,so far nearly 20 Syts have beendiscovered.Extensive work showed that synatotagmins were a potential Ca~(2+) sensor for regulated exocytosis.Thisstudy was to investigate the expression and location of synaptotagmin Ⅱ(Syt2)in RBL-2H3(RBL)and its role inregulating exocytosis of RBL.The expression of Syt2 in RBL was confirmed by Western blot.The recombinantexpression vector pEGFP-N1-Syt2 was constructed and transfected into RBL by electroporation,the stabletransfectant RBL-Syt2-S expressing fusion protein Syt2-EGFP were obtained and Syt2 was highly concentrated atplasma membrane with little detected in cytoplasm.To analyze the role of Syt2 during exocytosis of RBL,therelease of cathepsin D was assayed by immunoblotting.Compared with control,the release of cathepsin D byRBL-Syt2-S was markedly decreased.The results indicated that Syt2 played a negative regulation in exocytosis oflysosomes in RBL.Cellular & Molecular Immunology.2005;2(3):205-209.     

Plasma HIV-1 RNA decline within the first two weeks of treatment is comparable for nevirapine, efavirenz, or both drugs combined and is not predictive of long-term virologic efficacy: A 2NN substudy

BACKGROUND: The initial rate of plasma HIV-1 RNA (pVL) decline has been proposed as a marker of early efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and a possible predictor of late efficacy. We compared the rate of pVL decline in patients starting ART with nevirapine (NVP), efavirenz (EFV), or both drugs combined in addition to lamivudine (3TC) and stavudine (d4T). METHODS: Analysis of the viral decay constant (VDc) during the first 2 weeks of treatment in patients enrolled in the 2NN study who remained on allocated treatment. RESULTS: The median VDc (log10 copies per day, [interquartile range]) was similar for NVP (0.30 [0.25-0.36], EFV (0.31 [0.27-0.37]), and NVP + EFV (0.30 [0.27-0.36]). Patients with a baseline pVL >100,000 copies/mL were 8.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.2-12.3) times more likely to have a VDc >75th percentile. A high VDc was not associated with plasma drug concentration or with a decreased risk of virologic failure at week 48 after the start of therapy (hazard ratio = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.6-1.2). CONCLUSION: NVP, EFV, or NVP + EFV in combination with 3TC and d4T show similar rates of pVL decline during the first 2 weeks of treatment. The VDc with these regimens is not predictive of late virologic efficacy.     

Human neutrophils secrete gelatinase B in vitro and in vivo in response to endotoxin and proinflammatory mediators

Bacterial sepsis is characterized by a systemic inflammatory state, with activation of numerous cell types. Phagocytes participate in this phenomenon by secreting various proinflammatory cytokines and enzymes. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as gelatinases are produced by phagocytes and are thought to play an important role in processes of cell transmigration and tissue remodeling. In this work, we show that endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) and other inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-8, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, induce a rapid (within 20 min) release of gelatinase-B (MMP-9) zymogen in whole human blood, as determined by gelatin zymography. The polymorphonuclear neutrophil was identified as the cell responsible for this rapid secretion, as a result of the release of preformed enzymes stored in granules. Normal human subjects given LPS intravenously showed a similar pattern of proMMP-9 secretion, with maximum plasma levels reached 1.5 to 3 h after LPS administration (P = 0.0009). Prior administration of TNF receptor:Fc, a potent TNF antagonist, to subjects given LPS, only partially blunted the release of proMMP-9 (P = 0.033). Ibuprofen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, did not alter this pattern of release. Increased levels of proMMP-9 and proMMP-2, as well as activated forms of MMP-9, were found in plasma from two patients with gram-negative sepsis. The levels of MMPs paralleled the severity of clinical condition and a marker of the severity of sepsis, plasma procalcitonin. These data indicate that MMPs are released in whole blood in response to various inflammatory mediators and that they could serve as sensitive and early markers for cell activation during the course of bacterial sepsis.     

小鼠S180移植瘤血管生成作用及其调节机制的研究

目的：观察肉瘤180(S180)移植瘤发展过程中血管生成及血管生成调节因子的变化,并对其调节机制进行探讨。 方法： 利用Km小鼠的S180移植瘤模型，采用FⅧ因子免疫组化染色检测肿瘤血管生成，ELISA和EIA法检测荷瘤鼠肿瘤组织和血浆中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和内皮抑制素（endostatin）水平，采用多元回归分析肿瘤组织微血管计数、血管形态与瘤重变化的关系。 结果： 随着荷瘤时间延长，肿瘤组织内微血管计数，瘤内血管相对总量增加，血管的相对面积增大（P<0.05）；肿瘤组织匀浆中VEGF水平在荷瘤10 d、15 d均显著高于5 d组（P<0.05）；endostatin在肿瘤匀浆和血浆中均在荷瘤15 d达到最高（P<0.05）；V/E比值无显著变化；微血管计数、血管相对总面积与瘤重变化有相关性（P<0.01）。 结论： S180移植瘤病期发展中微血管数目增加，血管口径增大，且与瘤重变化呈正相关；肿瘤发展过程中肿瘤局部血管生成正调节因子逐渐增加，促进血管生成；肿瘤局部血管生成调节因子处于相对的平衡。