腹腔镜技术对不明原因腹水的诊断价值

①目的 探讨诊断性腹腔镜技术对不明原因腹水的诊断价值。②方法 对56例经多种影像学检查难以明确病因的腹水病人行诊断性腹腔镜检查。③结果 腹腔镜检查病人无手术并发症，52例病人得到明确诊断，诊断明确率达92．8％。④结论 诊断性腹腔镜技术可作为不明原因腹水病人安全准确的诊断方法。     

腹腔镜在有腹部手术史肠梗阻诊治中的应用价值

①目的 探讨腹腔镜技术在有腹部手术史的肠梗阻病人诊治过程中的应用价值。②方法 回顾总结32例有腹部手术史肠梗阻腹腔镜诊治术的临床资料。③结果 腹腔镜对肠梗阻的诊断符合率达97．3％，但腹腔镜肠粘连松解术的完成率仅有46．9％，主要是受手术设备、器械和术者经验的限制。④结论 经腹腔镜探查后开腹肠粘连松解术可最大程度地减少手术创伤，明显降低术后粘连的再发生率，有效地提高病人术后的生活质量。腹腔镜对有腹部手术史肠梗阻的诊治价值较大。     

胰腺囊性疾病的诊治

①目的 探讨胰腺囊性疾病的鉴别诊断和治疗方法。②方法 对57例胰腺囊性疾病的临床资料进行回顾性分析。③结果 假性囊肿33例，囊腺瘤13例，囊腺癌10例，无功能性胰岛细胞癌1例。囊性肿瘤多见于胰腺尾部，以腹部包块为主要临床表现，假性囊肿以腹痛、腹胀为主要症状。45．5％假性囊肿病人有胰腺炎和手术、外伤史。26例假性囊肿病人行手术治疗，囊性肿瘤病人中18例行手术切除；41例病人随访结果满意。④结论 胰腺囊性疾病应根据其发生部位和临床特点进行鉴别诊断，相关病史有助于明确诊断。诊断明确的囊性肿瘤应积极手术切除，预后较好。     

腔镜胆囊切除术后钛夹胆总管内游走一例

自1987年法国的Moure首次在人体用腹腔镜方法切除胆囊成功后,腹腔镜逐渐成为胆囊切除的标准术式,腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)后发生钛夹游走是罕见的并发症,Onghena等在1992年首先报道.现将我们治疗的一例报告如下.     

Transwell侵袭实验测定M受体对胆管癌细胞侵袭的影响

Objective To explore the experiment condition and method for the application of in vitro in vasive Transwell chamber and to observe muscarinicreceptor stimulant and muscarinicreceptor antagonist's influence to cholangiocarcinoma's invasiveness.Methods Two hundred microliter cell suspension of various concentrations(0.5×105/mL,1.0×105/mL,1.5×105/mL and 2.0×105/mL)was added into the upper chamber of the Transwell chamber,and the cells were allowed to penetrate the matrigel for 12,18,24and 48 hours respectively.The numbers was gotten as the invasive cells on the under surface of the membrane.After optimal cell concentration and time were gotten,pilocarpine of various concentrations(0 mmol/L,0.1 mmol/L,0.3 mmol/L and 0.5 mmoL/L)was added into the upper chamber of the Transwell chamber,then the cells on the matrigel were stained and counted.So did the cells when atropine of various concentrations(0.01 mmol/L,0.01 mmol/L,0.05 mmoVL and 0.1 mmol/L)were added into the upper chamher of the Transwell chamber in according to pilocarpine of various concentrations(0 mmol/L,0.3 mmol/L,0.3 mmol/L and 0.3mmol/L).Results With the increase of the time and cell concentrations,the cells couts that penetrated the matrigel increased,while the increase tended to he stable when the culture time exceeded 36 hous and the cell concentration Was over 1.0×105/mL.By adding pilocarpine,there were significant differences between the control and experimental groups(P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in experimental groups with various concentrations.There were no significant differences in blank group and experimental groups with atropine added(P＞0.05).When added pilocarpine and atropine,there were significant differences between blank and experimental groups(P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in experimental groups with various concentrations.Conclusions Thirty-six hours as invasive time,and one cell concentration 1.0 × 105/mL were optimal to test invasion abilities of cholangiocarcingma cells to different medicines or reagents.There is the possibility that museariniereceptor exists in cholangiocarcinoma cells,and may play an important role in cholangiocarcinoma's invasiveness and metastasis.     

α7烟碱型胆碱能受体调节胆管癌细胞化疗敏感性的相关探讨

目的 观察尼古丁对胆管癌细胞QBC939化疗敏感性影响,并初步探讨其作用靶点.方法 应用MTT法检测α7烟碱型胆碱能受体激动剂尼古丁及其阻断剂α银环蛇毒素(α-BTX)干预后的人胆管癌细胞QBC939经5-FU处理后存活增生能力变化,应用单克降平板试验观察尼古丁及α银环蛇毒素对5-FU处理后细胞克降形成率变化.结果 经5-FU处理后,尼古丁刺激组(终浓度分别为10-3 g/L、10-4 g/L、10-5g/L)细胞存活率分别为128％、124％、118％,细胞存活率较阴性对照组明显升高,并呈一定的浓度依赖性,而α银环蛇毒素刺激组(2 μg/mL)、尼古丁α银环蛇毒素联合组细胞存活率分别为92％、94％、93％、92％.尼古丁刺激组(6.2±0.40)的克隆形成能力明显高于α银环蛇毒素刺激组(3.2±0.20)、联合组(3.2±0.20)及对照组(3.4±0.33).结论 尼古丁可明显降低胆管癌细胞对化疗药物的敏感性,其可能是通过α7烟碱型胆碱能受体发挥化疗抵抗效应.     

产甲胎蛋白胃癌误诊为肝癌一例报道

Bourreille等[1]在1970年报道了首例甲胎蛋白(Alpha-fetoprotein,AFP)阳性胃癌(Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric carcinoma,AFPGC).目前国内报道发病率为2.08％ ～ 6.20％,较国外报道为低[2].本文报道1例,由于经验不足,将产AFP的胃癌误诊为肝癌,现分析该病例的诊疗过程以总结经验. 1 病例资料 患者,男性,54岁,2009年7月体检时行B超检查示:肝脏尾叶区肿瘤,大小约为3.9 cm ×3.2 cm.人院后行腹部强化CT示:肝门胰头区可见类圆形高密度影,大小约为4.5 cm×3.2 cm,边缘光滑,增强CT扫描后静脉期强化,内部可见斑片状无强化区,与胃窦、肝左叶及胰头相邻,遂考虑肝门胰头区肿瘤可能性大(图1).未行胃镜检查.     

原发性肝癌病人Th1/Th2的漂移研究

目的研究原发性肝癌(PHC)病人Th1／Th2的漂移。方法以IFN-γ和IL-2代表Th1类细胞因子，IL-4和IL-10代表Th2类细胞因子，以逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测39例原发性肝癌病人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)及11例癌组织和癌旁组织中Th1／Th2类细胞因子mRNA的表达，以6例健康人作为对照。结果39例PHC病人PBMC中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期肝癌Th1型细胞因子表达率分别为5／7、20／26、0／6，Th2型细胞因子表达率分别为0／7、2／26、5／6。11例癌组织和癌旁组织的Th1／Th2状态与其PBMC呈正相关(癌组织和PBMC，rs=0．8101，P=0．0025；癌旁组织和PBMC，rs=0．7698，P=0．0056)。结论Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期PHC病人PBMC中Th1类细胞因子强势表达，Ⅲ期PHC病人PBMC以Th2类细胞因子表达为主。癌组织和癌旁组织的Th1／Th2状态与其PBMC是一致的。     

胃癌HER2蛋白表达及基因扩增分析

目的 探讨胃癌组织HER2蛋白表达和基因扩增情况及其临床意义.方法 收集2011年4月至2012年5月间青岛大学医学院附属医院黄岛院区收治的80例胃癌标本,采用免疫组织化学染色（IHC）和显色原位杂交（CISH） 方法检测HER2蛋白表达和基因扩增情况,分析其与临床病理因素的相关性.结果 80例患者中,HER2蛋白表达（-）51例,（＋）12例,（＋＋）12例,（＋＋＋）5例,阳性表达率为21.3％（17/80）;HER2基因扩增 4例,临界扩增3例,基因扩增率为8.8％（7/80）.IHC和CISH检测结果呈正相关（P＜0.05）,两者的符合率为85.0％（68 /80）.HER2表达与肿瘤部位、分化程度及TNM分期有关（均P＜0.05）.结论 胃癌组织中有较高的HER2蛋白表达和基因扩增率,其与胃癌的发生发展密切相关.     

乳腺癌合并恶性腹膜间皮瘤1例

1 病例介绍 患者女,66岁,因腹部胀满不适10余天入院.患者10余天前无明显诱因出现腹部胀满不适,以右上腹为重,无明显腹痛.无腹泻、恶心呕吐、低热盗汗、无寒颤高热,大小便正常,体重无明显变化.既往高血压病史20余年,否认结核病史.个人史:无石棉接触史.入院查体:体温36.5 ℃,脉搏81次/分,呼吸21次/分,血压1...