寰枢椎椎弓根钉固定治疗伸直型齿状突骨折合并寰枢关节半脱位

Objective To explore the clinical outcome of atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument in treatment of extension-type odontoid fracture combined with aflantoaxial subluxation. Methods From December 2002 to December 2006, seven patients with extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation were reduced and fixed with atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument of Vertex system under general anesthesia. There were five males and two females, at mean age of 39.2 years (range 21-59 years). All odontoid fractures were fresh type Aderson Ⅱ. JOA scores of spinal core function was 8.6-14.9 (average 10.7) preoperatively. The X-ray examination, CT scanning and skull traction were performed in all patients preoperatively. Results There found no severe complications such as injuries of vertebral artery, nerve root and spinal cord postoperatively. All patients obtained complete reduction and healing of the fracture and dislocation. The mean off-bed time was four days (3-6 days) after opera-tion. A follow-up for 12-36 months (average 22 months) in all patients showed that the clinical symptom was improved significantly six months postoperatively and that all screws were in proper position verified by X-ray and CT scanning. All patients obtained solid bony union on radiographs, with no loosing or breakage of instrument. The postoperative JOA scores was 13.5-16.9 (average 15.8). Conclusions Allantoaxial pedicle screw fixation has advantages of intraoperative reduction, reliable fixation and high fusion rate and can be used as an effective method for extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation.     

后内侧解剖钢板微创治疗胫骨远端骨折的解剖学研究

目的　通过解剖学研究评估后内解剖钢板（posteromedial anatomical plate, PmAP）微创治疗胫骨远端骨折的安全性及可行性。 方法　在12个冰冻成人尸体下肢标本上,模拟MIPO技术经后内侧入路固定胫骨远端骨折的手术操作。术中观察手术入路暴露的难易程度。术后主要考察手术切口与大隐静脉、隐神经关系,胫后、胫前神经血管束的完整性及其与钢板螺钉的接触关系。 结果　模拟手术操作顺利,暴露充分。手术切口与大隐静脉、隐神经主干在内踝上（7.37±1.65）cm（5.02～8.16 cm）处相交。胫后神经血管束位于钢板正后方,两者间有一厚层软组织垫相隔,未直接接触。仔细观察胫前、胫后神经血管束,未见损伤。 结论　应用MIPO技术经后内侧入路PmAP治疗胫骨远端骨折是一项安全、简便的手术技术。     

尺侧腕伸肌-拇短仲肌腱移位重建拇指对掌功能临床疗效分析

目的评价尺侧腕伸肌及拇短伸肌移位重建拇指对掌功能的临床疗效。方法回顾分析2003年以来，接受尺侧腕伸肌及拇短伸肌移位术重建拇指对掌功能的15例腕部正中神经不可逆损伤患者和5例正中神经合并尺神经损伤患者的随访结果。结果15例单纯正中神经不可逆损伤中，优11例，良4例，优良率100％；合并尺神经损伤的5例中，优3例，良1例，可1例，优良率80％。结论对腕部正中神经不可逆损伤，特别是合并尺神经损伤患者，尺侧腕伸肌及拇短伸肌移位术是一种理想的重建拇指对掌功能的手术方法，操作简单，效果好。     

微创小切口全髋置换术近期临床疗效

目的观察前外侧入路微创小切口全髋关节置换术近期临床疗效。方法6例行全髋置换术，记录切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量，并观察术后全身和局部并发症。结果手术切口平均长度约8．5cm(7～9cm)，手术时间平均90min(80～100min)，术中出血量平均400ml(300～500ml)，术后24h引流量平均150ml(100～250ml)，术中术后平均输血量300ml。切口平均12d一期愈合。术后未发现心肺疾病或髋关节脱位等全身、局部并发症。术后随访12～16周，患肢在4～6周后均可部分负重行走，步态正常，Harris评分平均96分，功能优良率96％。结论临床观察证明：只要严格掌握手术适应证，术者有良好的手术技巧，小切口微创全髋置换术是一安全有效的手术。     

寰枢椎椎弓根钉固定治疗伸直型齿状突骨折合并寰枢关节半脱位

Objective To explore the clinical outcome of atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument in treatment of extension-type odontoid fracture combined with aflantoaxial subluxation. Methods From December 2002 to December 2006, seven patients with extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation were reduced and fixed with atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument of Vertex system under general anesthesia. There were five males and two females, at mean age of 39.2 years (range 21-59 years). All odontoid fractures were fresh type Aderson Ⅱ. JOA scores of spinal core function was 8.6-14.9 (average 10.7) preoperatively. The X-ray examination, CT scanning and skull traction were performed in all patients preoperatively. Results There found no severe complications such as injuries of vertebral artery, nerve root and spinal cord postoperatively. All patients obtained complete reduction and healing of the fracture and dislocation. The mean off-bed time was four days (3-6 days) after opera-tion. A follow-up for 12-36 months (average 22 months) in all patients showed that the clinical symptom was improved significantly six months postoperatively and that all screws were in proper position verified by X-ray and CT scanning. All patients obtained solid bony union on radiographs, with no loosing or breakage of instrument. The postoperative JOA scores was 13.5-16.9 (average 15.8). Conclusions Allantoaxial pedicle screw fixation has advantages of intraoperative reduction, reliable fixation and high fusion rate and can be used as an effective method for extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation.     

临床症状与髓核突出左右不一致的腰椎间盘突出症的诊治

目的探讨腰椎间盘突出症导致非对称性下肢放射痛的可能原因及术式的选择。方法25例经SCT、MRI检查证实为突出侧与临床症状侧别左右不一致的腰椎间盘突出症患者，均行手术治疗，其中14例行双侧开窗减压探查髓核摘除术，11例仅行突出侧开窗术。结果影像学上髓核突出侧别与术中所见相吻合，但该侧神经根未见到明显压迫或炎性水肿等病理表现；而症状侧无髓核突出，5例神经根未发现异常表现，9例存在不同程度的炎性水肿，其中6例探查发现神经根与对侧髓核不同程度粘连。术后所有患者症状均得到缓解，经过1～5年（平均2．4年）的随访，均无复发。结论SCT结合MRI检查有助于此类腰椎间盘突出症的明确诊断。纤维环无破裂的突出型腰椎间盘突出症，单纯突出侧减压可以获得较好的治疗效果；纤维环破裂的游离型及脱出型腰椎间盘突出症，宜同时行对侧开窗探查。     

异体脱脂骨板加自体腓骨移植治疗前臂节段性骨缺损

目的 探讨尺骨或桡骨单根节段性骨缺损的治疗方法。方法 自1997年1月至2003年1月共收治尺骨节段性骨缺损10例，桡骨节段性骨缺损2例。采用自体游离腓骨桥接骨缺损、钢板加对侧骨板双固定治疗。结果 10例切口Ⅰ期愈合，2例Ⅱ期愈合。随访时间12～36个月，平均25个月；骨缺损愈合时间4～8个月，平均6个月20d，无骨不连患者。前臂旋转功能参照Grace评定标准，优3例，良5例，一般2例，差2例。结论 采用自体腓骨桥接尺或桡骨骨缺损，钢板、骨板双固定是一种治疗尺或桡骨节段性骨缺损较理想的方法。     

带指固有动脉及神经的指侧方双页皮瓣转移再造拇指

目的 拇指是手部最重要的手指。基于对手部重建拇指解剖学的研究，应用手指侧方双页皮瓣转移再造拇指，并评价其治疗效果。方法 对8例外伤性拇指缺损，应用手指侧方双页皮瓣和自体髂骨移植再造，并于术后3个月观察其功能恢复情况、感觉恢复情况及两点辨别觉。结果 所有病例均一期愈合。3个月时，髂骨与自体骨愈合，患手可提起约10k物体，感觉恢复，在同一皮瓣内两点辨别觉为2～3mm，不同皮瓣间为5～7mm。结论 手指侧方双页皮瓣可用于再造拇指，较传统方法具有操作简单，缝合张力小，有良好的两点辨别觉及外形美观等优点。     

钢板结合异体骨板治疗长骨干骨囊肿病理性骨折

目的：介绍一种治疗骨囊肿骨折的方法,并评价其治疗效果。方法：选择青少年骨囊肿骨折8例,行病灶刮除植骨钢板结合异体骨板内固定,于术后3、6个月进行X线摄片观察,依据骨囊肿治疗标准进行评价,结果：8例切口均Ⅰ期愈合,6例达到优（Ⅳ级）,1例达到良（Ⅲ级）,1例出现骨骺早闭,优良率87．5％,结论：病灶刮除植骨钢板结合骨板内固定治疗骨囊肿病理性骨折效果。     

38例青壮年股骨粗隆间骨折的治疗

目的：探讨青壮年股骨粗隆间骨折的治疗方法和疗效。方法：38例青壮年股骨粗隆间骨折均采用加压滑动鹅头钉（DHS）治疗。结果：随访6－30个月,优30例,良8例,无1例发生内固定失败、髋内翻畸形等并发症。结论：青壮年股骨粗隆间骨折损伤严重,骨折不稳定,均应早期行手术治疗,DHS符合髋部生物力学,固定牢固,并发症少,是治疗青壮年股骨粗隆间骨折的理想内固定材料。