基层医院产后出血的高危因素分析

目的 分析基层医院与产后出血的高危因素,提出合理的防治措施. 方法 以笔者所在医院2006年1月1日至2007年12月31收住院分娩的产妇6309例,发生产后出血的为169例,对照组338例.通过多元Logistic 回归分析与产后出血的高危因素. 结果 产后出血的发生率为2.69%,导致产后出血的高危因素作用大小顺位排列为:子宫收缩乏力、胎盘早剥、胎盘粘连或植入、软产道损伤、产次.结论 加强孕前宣教及孕期管理,及时纠正孕期贫血,严格掌握剖宫产指征,有利于降低产后出血的发生.     

百解藤抗炎作用及最大耐受量的实验研究

目的:研究百解藤茎叶水提物的抗炎作用及最大耐受量(MTD),以评价其抗炎活性及安全性.方法:将50只KM小鼠随机分成5组:模型组、醋酸地塞米松对照组和百解藤茎叶水提物高、中和低剂量组,采用致炎剂二甲苯制作小鼠耳廓肿胀实验模型,观察百解藤茎叶的抗炎作用.取20只小鼠分为空白对照组和百解藤茎叶水提取物组,每鼠按最大给药量2...     

骨科手术部位感染目标性监测结果分析

目的了解骨科手术部位感染情况,为降低感染率和制定防控措施提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查(对照组)和目标性监测方法(监测组),分别对本医院2009年和2010年所有住院手术患者手术部位感染情况进行了调查。结果回顾性调查表明,2009年住院手术患者共881例,发生手术部位感染69例,平均感染率为7.83%。2010年实施手术患者共930例,发生手术部位感染33例,平均感染率为3.55%。2009年与2010年度手术患者中I类切口感染率分别为6.06%和1.16%。结论该医院2010年度手术病人手术部位感染率明显低于2009年度,以I类手术切口感染率降低最显著。     

血液内科患者坠床跌倒风险原因与护理管理对策

作为医院患者安全管理的重要问题,患者跌倒以及坠床等危险性行为容易对患者健康造成负面影响,同时还会加大医患纠纷发生率,不利于患者康复和医院各项工作的正常开展。该次研究特就血液内科患者的发生跌倒以及坠床的相关原因进行探究并采取有效的护理措施以及管理对策,选取2015年7月—2017年7月收治的2084例患者为研究对象,报道如下。     

18F-FECNT的生物分布特性及小动物PET显像研究

Objective 2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-corophenyl)-8-(2-18F-fluoroethyl) nortropane (18F-FECNT) is a recently developed dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate its brain biedistribution and to assess its usefulness in quantitation of DAT density in normal and hemiparkinsonian rats. Methods Six groups of mice (5 mice each group) received 18F-FECNT were sacri-ficed at indicated time post injection. Different brain regions (cortex, hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum) were removed, weighed, and countered. DAT blocking effect was investigated in mice pretreated with 2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-(4-fluorpbenyl)tropane (β-CFT) at before 18F-FECNT injection. MicroPET scans were performed in beth normal and unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. Results The brain uptake of 18F-FECNT was 2.22, 1.20, 1.02, 0.78, 0.71, and 0.67 percent injection dose (%ID) at 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min post injection. Radioactivity concentration of the striatum, the target region, was the highest in the brain regions and decreased quickly from 5 to 60 min and reached to background at 120 min of post injection. The striatum/cerebellum ratio was 2.56, 3.47, 2.78, 1.63, 0.97, and 0.88 at 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min, respectively, post injection. The selective striatum uptake of 18F-FECNT decreased dramatically to the background when the DAT was blocked with β-CFT. The striatum of normal rats in micro-PET exhibited symmetrical (left/right = 1.00±0.05) and the highest uptake of radioactivity (striatum/cere-helium =2.18±0. 16 at 5- 125 min, n =3). As for the hemiparkinsonian rats, nonsymmetrical [unlesioned striatum/cerebellum vs lesioned striatum/cerebellum = 2.01 ± 0.23 (n = 3) vs 1.04 ± 0. 05] and the high-est uptake of radioactivity were also noted. Conclusions The results suggest that 18F-FECNT rapidly pas-ses through blood-brain barrier and locates in stiatal region with high affinity and selectivity to DAT. It is a potential radiotracer to assess the in vivo DAT density in Parkinson's disease.     

18F-Fallypride的自动化合成与小动物PET显像

目的 研究高效、简单的自动化合成多巴胺D2受体显像剂(S)-(-)-N-(1-烯丙基吡咯烷-2-氨基甲基)-5-(3-18F)-2,3-二甲氧基苯甲酰胺(18F-Fallypride)的方法,并用小动物PET观察其在小鼠活体内的生物分布.方法 采用国产氟标记多功能模块控制整个过程,18F-在乙腈溶液中与前体(s)-(-)-N-(1-烯丙基吡咯烷-2-氨基甲基)-5-(3-磺酰基)-2,3-二甲氧基苯甲酰胺(OTSF)直接反应生成18F-Fallypride,混合物装柱,产品被C18柱吸附,用水冲洗柱,用少量乙醇淋出,加生理盐水稀释.ICR小鼠给药后经小动物PET活体显像.结果 18F-Fallypride放化产率为40.7%(已校正),合成时间为40 min,无需高效液相色谱(HPLC)法分离,放化纯＞95%.注射18F-Fallypride后ICR小鼠经小动物PET显像,脑内纹状体区域摄取最高,且双侧放射性浓聚对称,清除较慢.结论 18F-Fallypride自动化合成速度快,效率高.18F-Fallypride适于多巴胺D2受体显像.     

点穴、按摩在预防产科镇痛术后下肢麻木中的应用

[目的]了解点穴、按摩在预防产科镇痛术后下肢麻木中的应用效果.[方法]选取2009年我院剖宫产术后产妇300例,无痛阴道分娩（选择单胎头位无阴道分娩禁忌证）100例,共计400例.200例为观察组,采用点穴、按摩方法,200例为对照组,采用常规治疗护理方法.[结果]观察组剖宫产产妇下肢麻木发生率低,医疗费用、恢复天数和医疗纠纷均少于对照组.两组无痛阴道分娩产妇下肢麻木发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.[结论]剖宫产术后立即给予点穴、按摩可降低下肢麻木发生率,减少医疗费用.     

18F-FECNT的生物分布特性及小动物PET显像研究

Objective 2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-corophenyl)-8-(2-18F-fluoroethyl) nortropane (18F-FECNT) is a recently developed dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate its brain biedistribution and to assess its usefulness in quantitation of DAT density in normal and hemiparkinsonian rats. Methods Six groups of mice (5 mice each group) received 18F-FECNT were sacri-ficed at indicated time post injection. Different brain regions (cortex, hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum) were removed, weighed, and countered. DAT blocking effect was investigated in mice pretreated with 2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-(4-fluorpbenyl)tropane (β-CFT) at before 18F-FECNT injection. MicroPET scans were performed in beth normal and unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. Results The brain uptake of 18F-FECNT was 2.22, 1.20, 1.02, 0.78, 0.71, and 0.67 percent injection dose (%ID) at 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min post injection. Radioactivity concentration of the striatum, the target region, was the highest in the brain regions and decreased quickly from 5 to 60 min and reached to background at 120 min of post injection. The striatum/cerebellum ratio was 2.56, 3.47, 2.78, 1.63, 0.97, and 0.88 at 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min, respectively, post injection. The selective striatum uptake of 18F-FECNT decreased dramatically to the background when the DAT was blocked with β-CFT. The striatum of normal rats in micro-PET exhibited symmetrical (left/right = 1.00±0.05) and the highest uptake of radioactivity (striatum/cere-helium =2.18±0. 16 at 5- 125 min, n =3). As for the hemiparkinsonian rats, nonsymmetrical [unlesioned striatum/cerebellum vs lesioned striatum/cerebellum = 2.01 ± 0.23 (n = 3) vs 1.04 ± 0. 05] and the high-est uptake of radioactivity were also noted. Conclusions The results suggest that 18F-FECNT rapidly pas-ses through blood-brain barrier and locates in stiatal region with high affinity and selectivity to DAT. It is a potential radiotracer to assess the in vivo DAT density in Parkinson's disease.     

新配方99TCm-TRODAT-1药盒的研制

目的 制备标记率＞90%的99Tcm-2β-[N,N'-双(2-巯乙基)乙撑二胺基]甲基-3β-(4-氯苯基)托烷(TRODAT-1)药盒,并研究药盒中各组分含量与pH值对其标记率的影响.方法 按每支药盒含TRODAT-1 50μg、SnCl2·2H2O 70μg、EDTA-2Na 1.0 mg、Na2HPO4·12H2O 17.6 mg,KH2PO42.37 mg和葡庚糖酸钠(GH)10 mg制备药盒,用上行薄层色谱法测定标记率;保持其他组分含量不变,分别改变TRODAT-1、SnCl2,EDTA-2Na和GH的用量,并测定标记率;保持其他组分含量不变,调节pH缓冲剂的用量,使药盒在不同的pH值下标记,测定标记率.结果 制备的药盒标记率＞90%,稳定性好.药盒中各组分含量在下列范围内标记率＞90%TRODAT-1 20～200 μg、SnCl2 4～100 μg、EDTA-2Na 0.5～2.0 mg、GH 1～20 mg、pH值4.5～8.3.结论 可成功制备标记率＞90%的TRODAT-1药盒,其稳定性较好.