请不要拒绝诊断性刮宫

不少妇女有过人工流产的经历，以至于后来一提起“刮宫”，她们就会想起当时躺在人流手术床上的情景，而那“搅肠揪心”样的痛苦似乎又降临其身。基于此，一些妇女以后一听到刮宫，也不问及究竟是什么样的刮宫，第一反应就是拒绝接受。前不久，50岁的程女士，就是这样的。程女士近半年来月经过多，每次经药物治疗后血是停止了，可是下个月的月经依然如故，不仅经期较长，而且经量又多，还伴有血块。医生曾多次建议她做诊断性刮宫术，但均遭拒绝。程女士拒绝的理由很简单：没有怀孕，刮什么宫？而且这刮宫的滋味不好受，还是开点止血药吧，况且每次吃药都能止住血，等等。可这次，程女士月经已经来了20多天了，还没有要干净的迹象。由于出血多，她已经出现了继发性贫血，感到心慌、头晕、乏力，走路都轻飘飘的。经医生再三说服动员，女儿和老伴也在一旁不断规劝，她才勉强同意进行无痛刮宫手术。手术很快结束了，子宫出血也基本停止了。一周后，病理报告为子宫内膜非典型增生过长。这意味着程女士的子宫内膜已经出现了癌前病变，如果再继续拖延下去，子宫内膜的病变向前再“跨一步”，那就是子宫内膜癌了。医院最终为程女士安排了住院手术，子宫全切，子宫内膜的癌前病变也彻底去除了。     

标准大骨瓣减压并颞肌贴敷术防治重型颅脑外伤术后脑梗死

目的:探讨外伤标准大骨瓣减压并脑组织表面颞肌贴敷术防治重型颅脑外伤术后脑梗死患者的效果。方法:32例重型颅脑外伤患者采用外伤标准大骨瓣减压并脑组织表面颞肌贴敷术治疗,25例行常规区域性开颅手术并比较其效果。结果:在中线回复、患者死亡率、致残率三方面,标准手术组优于常规手术组,但痊愈率差异无显著性。结论:标准大骨瓣减压并颞肌贴敷术可减轻术后脑梗死,降低重型颅脑外伤患者的死亡率及致残率,改善预后。     

动脉支架放置术前白细胞计数与锁骨下动脉支架远期通畅率的观察

Objective To study relationship between preprocedural white blood cell count(WBC) and long-term patency of stent implanted in the subelavian artery.Methods Data of 113 cases with stents implanted in the atherosclerotic SUbclavian arteries in Anzhen Hospital,Beijing during January 2005 to January 2008 were analyzed.Student t-test was used to compare the difierence in WBC count between those with patency and those with stenosis after the procedure and chi-square test was used to compare the difference in stent pateney between those with higher and lower WBC counts.Results There Was significant difference in WBC counts between 102 cases with patency and 11 cases with stenosis of the stents after implantation(t=-5.051.P<0.001).Percentage of patency ofthe stents in 36 cases witll higher WBC count(>7.195×109/L)was significantly higher than that in 77 cases with lower WBC count(≤7.195× 109/L)before the procedure(P=0.001).Among 113 cases with stents implanted,109 cases(96.5%) could keep their stents patent one year after implantation,and 60 cases(89.6%)could keep stents patent three yeats after implantation.Conclusions In addition to those traditional factors associated with long-term patency of stents after their implantation,inereased WBC count alSO associated with stenosis or occlusion of the stents after the procedure.     

胺腆酮在充血性心衰合并室性心律失常治疗中的应用

扩张型心肌病也叫充血型心肌病，其临床主要表现为充血性心衰的症状与体征。其常见并发症之一为室性心律失常。本病预后不良，50％病人在2年内死亡；仅有25％的病人可存活10年［1］，但其生活质量较差。我院自1993年5月以来，共收治此类病人28例。现将其治疗情况总结如下。1资料及方法本组28例均经病史、体检、胸部X线、心电图、超声心动图等检查确诊为扩张型心肌病。其中男23例，女5例。平均年龄44岁多（22～70岁）。Ⅰ度心衰3例，Ⅱ度心衰25例。全部病人入院后均常规给予洋地黄、利尿剂、开搏通、多巴胺、消心痛等药物积极改善心功能，同…     

冠状动脉搭桥术的临床应用

目的：总结５例冠状动脉搭桥（ＣＡＢＧ）术之成功经验，并探讨冠状动脉造影术在ＣＡＢＧ术中的应用。方法：对５例冠心病人施行冠状动脉造影术及ＣＡＢＧ术。结果：发现冠脉造影结果与ＣＡＢＧ术中所见冠脉病变情况基本相符，均为多支病变。５例病人均治愈出院。结论：①ＣＡＢＧ是治疗冠心病的有效方法。尤其是对三支病变，左冠总干病变或病变不适宜做ＰＴＣＡ者。②冠脉造影结果是冠心病治疗方案选择的主要依据。③由于ＣＡＢＧ术后有一过性心肌损伤，心肌酶谱增高及ＳＴ－Ｔ改变，故积极的抗凝、抗心绞痛等综合内科治疗是确保患者平稳度过围手术期的关键     

下肢动脉缺血性患者假性高压的鉴别及临床意义

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis of and management for pseudo-high blood pressure in patients with lower limb ischemia. Methods From March 2006 to March 2007, 182 cases with lower limb ischemia were admitted, and they were divided into three groups. In group 1 pseudo-high blood pressure did not exist, in group 2, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure with ABI<1.3, in group 3, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure and with ABI≥1.3. ABI and TBI were compared with color Doppler, angiography, MRA and CTA. Results In all those 182 patients, there were 102(56.0%)cases having no pseudo-high blood pressure, and 27.5% with concomitant diabetes. Seventy-two cases(39.6%) had pseudo-high blood pressure (ABI<1.3) with 44.4% having diabetes. Eight cases (4.4%) (ABI≥ 1.3) manifested pseudo-high blood pressure with the ratio concomitant diabetes being 75%. Conclusions In diabetic patients with lower limb's ischemia there is increased ratio of pseudo-high blood pressure.     

直接PCI术前早期应用大剂量阿托伐他汀对急性心肌梗死冠脉微血管功能及短期预后的影响

目的探讨直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术前早期应用大剂量阿托伐他汀(80mg)对急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)冠脉微血管功能及短期预后的影响。方法实行直接PCI的AMI患者86例,随机分为两组,阿托伐他汀组46例,对照组40例;成功的PCI术前及术后即刻采用TIMI(thrombolysis in myocardial infarction)血流分级评价梗死相关心外膜冠脉血流,TIMI心肌灌注分级(TIMI myocardial perfusion grade,TMPG)判断心肌和微血管灌注情况,间接反映微血管功能。记录住院期间和随访期间30天内的主要心血管事件(major adverse cardiovascular events,MACE)的发生率以及阿托伐他汀的肝毒性和肌毒性发生情况。结果①PCI术后阿托伐他汀组和对照组的TMPG分级均较术前有显著性差异(分别χ2=25.514,P<0.001;χ2=8.348,P=0.039),但阿托伐他汀组TMPG较对照组改善更明显(χ2=8.374,PPP==00..003399))。。②②随随访访的的3300天天内内,,共共1199例例患患者者发发生生MMAACCEE,,占占2222..11%%,,其其中中阿阿托托伐伐他他汀汀组组66例例,,占占1133..00%%,对照组13例,占32.5%(χ2=4.706,PPP==00..003300));;阿阿托托伐伐他他汀汀组组内内PPCCII术术后后TTMMPPGG33级级的的患患者者发发生生MMAACCEE3/27例,而对照组6/14例(42.9%vs.11.1%,χ2=5.423,PPP==00..002299));;在在达达到到TTMMPPGG33级级的的患患者者,,对对照照组发生MACE的危险度大约为阿托伐他汀组的3.857倍(RR3.857,95%CI:1.131～13.149)。③随访期间,阿托伐他汀组和对照组均无肌毒性和肝毒性事件发生。结论直接PCI术前早期应用大剂量阿托伐他汀(80mg)对改善AMI冠脉微血管功能及短期预后是安全有效的。     

下肢动脉缺血性患者假性高压的鉴别及临床意义

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis of and management for pseudo-high blood pressure in patients with lower limb ischemia. Methods From March 2006 to March 2007, 182 cases with lower limb ischemia were admitted, and they were divided into three groups. In group 1 pseudo-high blood pressure did not exist, in group 2, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure with ABI<1.3, in group 3, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure and with ABI≥1.3. ABI and TBI were compared with color Doppler, angiography, MRA and CTA. Results In all those 182 patients, there were 102(56.0%)cases having no pseudo-high blood pressure, and 27.5% with concomitant diabetes. Seventy-two cases(39.6%) had pseudo-high blood pressure (ABI<1.3) with 44.4% having diabetes. Eight cases (4.4%) (ABI≥ 1.3) manifested pseudo-high blood pressure with the ratio concomitant diabetes being 75%. Conclusions In diabetic patients with lower limb's ischemia there is increased ratio of pseudo-high blood pressure.     

恶性室性心律失常的胺碘酮治疗

观察静脉与口服联合应用胺碘酮对恶性室性心律失常的作用。31例室性心动过速 (VT)和 /或心室颤动 (VF)患者 (男 21例,女 12例,年龄 48±14. 6岁),首剂静脉注射胺碘酮 150 ~300mg, 10min注入。继之以 0. 5~1. 0mg/min维持静脉泵入。静脉维持用药24~48h后给予口服胺碘酮 600mg/d,逐渐减量至 200mg/d维持。观察静脉用药期间的心率,QT间期,VT、VF的发作情况。结果: 22例于用药后 24h获得控制, 6例于 48h后获控制, 3例于 72h后获得控制。静脉用药期间,未见QT间期明显延长。结论:静脉用胺碘酮治疗恶性室性心律失常安全有效。静脉与口服联合给药起效快,可达到早期抢救生命的目的,又可稳定血药浓度,防止心律失常的复发。