基于ISD模型的福建省医养护理员培训体系设计探索

目的:本研究针对福建省当前医养护理员的现状,基于医养结合背景下养老服务的需求,设计一个较为科学、系统、规范的医养护理员培训体系,为福建省养老护理人才的培养提供借鉴,从而提高福建省医养护理员的整体素质。方法:通过文献研究法,结合养老护理员国家职业技能标准以及医疗护理员培训与规范服务和管理标准,并基于实地调查法和深入访谈法,对医养护理员现状进行调查,拟定医养护理员的培训体系框架。结果:教学系统设计(ISD)作为一种常用的培训体系设计模型,针对目前福建省医养护理员及其培训的实际情况,提出了基于ISD模型的养老护理员培训体系。结论:基于ISD培训体系设计模型,从分析、设计、开发、实施、评价五个环节,构建了医养护理员培训体系,并详细介绍每个环节可操作的实施策略。     

氧化应激在反流物所致食管粘膜损伤中的作用

目的：探讨氧化应激在反流物所致食管粘膜损伤中的作用。方法：60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为两组,模型组行食管十二指肠吻合术制备胃十二指肠混合反流性食管炎模型；对照组行假手术。术后4周取食管，按炎症轻重将模型组分为A（1级）、B（2级）、C（3级）、D（4级）4组。测定不同等级食管炎组织中MDA含量及SOD、GSH-PX的活力。结果：组织中MDA的含量，对照组与模型各组相比，P<0.01，有显著差异；模型各组之间两两比较，除A、B两组外，其余各组之间均有显著差异，P<0.01。组织中SOD活力，对照组与模型B、C、D各组相比，均有显著差异，P<0.01；模型各组比较，除B、C两组外，其余各组间均有显著差异，P<0.01。组织中GSH-PX的活力与SOD结果相似。Logistic回归分析显示：只有MDA进入回归方程，P<0.01。结论：氧化应激在反流物所致食管粘膜损伤中可能起重要作用。     

胃肠道肿瘤中纤维粘连蛋白的分布及其与肿瘤生物学特性的关系

Through immunohistochemical technique, distribution of FN in normal mucosa, benign and malignant tumors of human gastrointestinal tract were studied. In normal and adenoma tissues, FN was found in both basement membrane (BN) and interstitial tissue. While in cancer tissue, there was a consistent decrease of BM FN content around the tumor nests particularly more apparently in cases of invading carcinoma. Statistical analysis showed that the reduction of BM FN was correlated with the degree of tumor dedifferentiation but not with the incidence of regional metastases. No association was noticed between the stroma FN and tumor behaviors. Since small blood vessels were usually delineated clearly by the staining for FN, FN might be considered as a marker in identifying the invasion of blood vessel wall by tumor cells. It is suggested that lack of BM FN in tumor tissues might be mainly due to decrease of FN synthesis by the tumor cells.     

血液相容性高分子材料的概况与展望

前言在临床方面和研究室中使用的各种器具器材,是支持着当今医疗现代化的硬件之一。在日本的法规体制中,这些器具器材归属于药事法之下。据此法第二条定义,其名称为“医疗用具”。进而,根据此项政令规定了表1列出的分类方法及其例举。由表1可见,这些用具都是直接或间接地与人体相接触使用,其应用结果是为了达到诊断、治疗和预防疾病的目的。目前一般把医疗用具的构成材料统称为医用材料。医用材料怎样才能达到医疗用具所需的功能性和安全性呢?寻求这一目标的研究,在合成、制备方面广泛展开,在实用方面不断取得成果。这方面的研究是现代医学进步的要求以及由此相适应的高分子科学、     

基于特征的深度学习预测化合物-蛋白质相互作用的研究进展

药物研发过程中,化合物-蛋白质相互作用（compound-protein interaction,CPI）预测是发现苗头化合物、药物重定位等研究的关键技术手段。近年来,深度学习被广泛应用于CPI研究,加速了药物发现中CPI预测的发展。本文重点讨论基于特征的 CPI 预测模型,首先,介绍了CPI预测中常见的数据库、化合物和蛋白质的典型特征表示方法。根据建模中的关键问题,从多模态和注意力机制两个方面,对基于特征的CPI预测模型展开论述。在此基础上,选取其中12个模型,在3个经典数据集上评估了模型在分类任务和回归任务中的性能。本文总结当前该领域面临的挑战,对未来的发展方向进行展望,为CPI预测方法进一步研究提供思路。     

Expression of HLA-DR antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma and its up-regulation by interferon

Objective: To observe the expression of human leukocytic antigen DR (HLA-DR) in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its up-regulation by interferon (IFN). Methods: The expression of HLA-DR in 46 specimens of human HCC tissues, 4 human HCC cell lines (SMMC-7721, HCC-9204, BEL-7402 and HHCC) and a human hepatocyte cell line QZG was respectively detected by immunohistochemical ABC staining and flow cytometry. The expression of HLA-DR in the 5 cell lines was detected by ELISA before and after the cells were treated with IFN-γ or IFN-α. Results:Eighteen out of 46 HCC tissues (39.1%) expressed HLA-DR, whereas all the normal liver tissues immediately adjacent to HCC tissues were HLA-DR-negative. No obvious HLA-DR-positive staining was found in all the 5 cell lines. The expression of HLA-DR was up-regulated in all the 5 cell lines after IFN-γ or IFN-α treatment. The up-regulation of HI A-DR in QZG cells was less obvious than that in HCC cell lines. The effect of IFN-γ was more significant than that of IFN-α. Conclusion: HCC tissues can express HLA-DR to some extent, but HCC cell lines do not express detectable HLA-DR. IFN can up-regulate HLA-DR expression in HCC cells.     

道诺霉素抑制视网膜色素上皮细胞炎前因子的表达

目的　观察道诺霉素对视网膜色素上皮细胞细胞(RPE)炎前因子表达的影响 .方法　培养的人 RPE经 IL- 1β(10μg· L- 1 )刺激以及不同浓度的道诺霉素作用后 ,用EL ISA、免疫组化和原位杂交等方法 ,检测培养的人 RPE炎前因子 m RNA和蛋白质的表达 .结果　 EL ISA显示对照组培养 RPE在 IL- 1β刺激 8h后 ,上清中 IL- 6与 IL- 8分别为2 0 0 0 pg· m L- 1· 10 - 6 cells和 5 0 0 0 pg· m L- 1· 10 - 6 cells.使用 10 0 μg·L- 1 道诺霉素作用于培养的 RPE后 IL- 6与 IL-8分别为 180 pg· m L- 1 · 10 - 6 cells (P <0 .0 1)和 32 0pg· m L- 1· 10 - 6 cells(P<0 .0 1) .免疫组化和原位杂交亦显示不同浓度道诺霉素可以不同程度地抑制 RPE内炎前因子蛋白质与 m RNA的表达 .结论　道诺霉素能有效地抑制 IL -1β诱导的培养的 RPE IL - 6和 IL - 8的表达     

Gamma钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折效果探讨

目的 探讨应用Gamma钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法 应用Gamma钉治疗我院骨科自1997年1月－2000年1月收治疗的各种股骨粗是骨折的患者36例。结果 本组病例经术后平均1年6个月的访,骨折愈合,无1例发生髋内翻、下肢外旋和短缩等畸形,患肢关节功能优良率88.4%,疗效较好。结论 Gamma钉是治疗股骨粗隆间骨折较为理想的方法。     

THE INFLUENCE OF HUMAN SINGLE CHAIN INTELEUKIN-12 GENE TRANSDUCTION ON THE BIOIOGICAI BEHAVIOR OF HEPATOMA 7721 CELLS

Objective. To investigate the anti-tumor effects of human single chain interleukin-12 (hscIL-12).``Method. pcDNA/ hscIL-12 recombinant was transfected into human hepatic carcinoma cells (7721 cells)by lipofectin method. The 7721/hscIL-12 cells which secrete hscIL-12 stably, were obtained via G418 selection, and in vitro the influence of hscIL-12 gene transduction on the growth of tumor cells was evaluated by cell cycle analysis. In vivo, genetically engineered 7721 cells (7721/hscIL-12, 7721/pcDNA) and parental cells were implanted into BALB/c nude mice, respectively. 7721/pcDNA and 7721/hscIL-1 2 groups were divided into two sub-groups on day 8: one was administered with hPBL twice, 6 days at interval; the other was given equal volume of PBS. Mice were sacrificed on day 26, and spleens and tumors were taken out for histologic assay.``Results. hscIL-12 produced stably by 7721/hscIL-12 cells had bioactivity, and it was proved by Western blot, immunocytochemistry, and in situ hybridization. In vitro, compared with 7721 and 7721/pcDNA, the 7721/hscIL-12 grew much more slowly. FACS assay showed apparent Gl arrest of 7721/hscIL-12 cells. In animal experiment, on day 8 after inoculation, the tumors of 7721 and 7721/pcDNA group were up to 5 ～ 7mm,while those of 7721/hscIL-12 group were 2 ～4mm. When treated with hPBL, the tumor of 7721/hscIL-12 group disappeared completely. Histologically, the tumors from 7721/hsclL-12 without hPBL treatment had numerous lymphocyte infiltration, the tumor cells displayed depression looking, atrophy, focal necrosis and apoptosis, whereas the tumors of 7721 and 7721/pcDNA groups grew thrivingly.``Conclusion. hscIL-12 transduced 7721 cells could induced significant antitumor immune response which resulted in tumor regression totally when the hPBL was inoculated, and also hscIL-12 has certain effects on mice immune svstem. These findings suggest that hscIL-12 and hscIL-12 gene therapy might have promising prospects in clinical application.